Vertebral growth disturbance in rapidly growing rats during 14 days of spaceflight

The effect of 14 days of spaceflight on the vertebrae of rapidly growing rats was studied. The hardness of the vertebrae was measured with a Knoop microhardness tester, and bone mineral density was measured from X-ray photographs. Histomorphometric examination was performed with a microcomputer-aided system. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed between flight rats and ground controls with regard to mechanical hardness or bone mineral density. However, histological examination revealed irregular thickening of the endosteal surface of cortical bone in the flight rats, whereas it was uniform in the ground controls. The relative area of lamellar bone showed a significant reduction (P < 0.001) in the flight rats. These findings suggest that the structural disturbances were due to retardation of endosteal modeling and remodeling. We conclude that delay of vertebral maturation can occur in rapidly growing rats after even short-term exposure to microgravity.

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Short-term exposure to low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets induces low bone mineral density and reduces bone formation in rats

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research ◽

10.1359/jbmr.090813 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 275-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Maximilian Bielohuby ◽

Maiko Matsuura ◽

Nadja Herbach ◽

Ellen Kienzle ◽

Marc Slawik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

High Fat ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Fat Diets

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SAT0462 ASSESSMENT OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1188.1-1188

Author(s):

C. Daldoul ◽

N. El Amri ◽

K. Baccouche ◽

H. Zeglaoui ◽

E. Bouajina

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Femoral Site ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

The Mean

Background:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is considered as a risk factor of low bone mineral density (BMD). In fact, the prevalence of osteoporosis ranges from 17% to 41% in IBD patients. The possible contributing factors may include malabsorption, glucocorticoid treatment and coexisting comorbiditiesObjectives:The purpose of our work was to determine the frequency and the determinants of osteoporosis in patients with IBD and to assess whether there is a difference in BMD status between UC and CD.Methods:This is a retrospective study, over a period of 5 years (from January 2014 to December 2018) and including patients followed for IBD who had a measurement of BMD by DEXA. Clinical, anthropometric and densitometric data (BMD at the femoral and vertebral site) were recorded. The WHO criteria for the definition of osteoporosis and osteopenia were applied.Results:One hundred and five patients were collected; among them 45 were men and 60 were women. The average age was 45.89 years old. The average body mass index (BMI) was 25.81 kg/m2 [16.44-44.15]. CD and UC were diagnosed in respectively 57.1% and 42.9%. A personal history of fragility fracture was noted in 4.8%. Hypothyroidism was associated in one case. Early menopause was recorded in 7.6%. 46.8% patients were treated with corticosteroids. The mean BMD at the vertebral site was 1.023 g/cm3 [0.569-1.489 g/cm3]. Mean BMD at the femoral site was 0.920g/cm3 [0.553-1.286g / cm3]. The mean T-score at the femoral site and the vertebral site were -1.04 SD and -1.27 SD, respectively. Osteoporosis was found in 25.7% and osteopenia in 37.1%. Osteoporosis among CD and UC patients was found in respectively 63% and 37%. The age of the osteoporotic patients was significantly higher compared to those who were not osteoporotic (52.23 vs 43.67 years, p = 0.01). We found a significantly higher percentage of osteoporosis among men compared to women (35.6% vs 18.3%, p=0.046). The BMI was significantly lower in the osteoporotic patients (23.87 vs 26.48 kg/m2, p=0.035) and we found a significant correlation between BMI and BMD at the femoral site (p=0.01). No increase in the frequency of osteoporosis was noted in patients treated with corticosteroids (27.9% vs 21.6%, p=0.479). Comparing the UC and CD patients, no difference was found in baseline characteristics, use of steroids or history of fracture. No statistically significant difference was found between UC and CD patients for osteoporosis(p=0.478), BMD at the femoral site (p=0.529) and at the vertebral site (p=0.568).Conclusion:Osteoporosis was found in 25.7% of IBD patients without any difference between CD and UC. This decline does not seem to be related to the treatment with corticosteroids but rather to the disease itself. Hence the interest of an early screening of this silent disease.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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P114 Effect of vitamin D on parathyroid hormone, serum calcium and bone mineral density in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism being managed conservatively

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab247.110 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Mahrukh Khalid ◽

Vismay Deshani ◽

Khalid Jadoon

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Neck Of Femur ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background/Aims Vitamin D deficiency is associated with more severe presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PTHP) with high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and reduced bone mineral density (BMD). We analyzed data to determine if vitamin D levels had any impact on PTH, serum calcium and BMD at diagnosis and 3 years, in patients being managed conservatively. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients presenting with PHPT. Based on vitamin D level at diagnosis, patients were divided into two groups; vitamin D sufficient (≥ 50 nmol/L) and vitamin D insufficient (≤ 50 nmol/L). The two groups were compared for age, serum calcium and PTH levels at diagnosis and after mean follow up of 3 years. BMD at forearm and neck of femur (NOF) was only analyzed in the two groups at diagnosis, due to lack of 3 year’s data. Results There were a total of 93 patients, 17 males, mean age 70; range 38-90. Mean vitamin D level was 73.39 nmol/L in sufficient group (n = 42) and 34.48 nmol/L in insufficient group (n = 40), (difference between means -38.91, 95% confidence interval -45.49 to -32.33, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in age, serum calcium and PTH at the time of diagnosis. After three years, there was no significant difference in vitamin D levels between the two groups (mean vitamin D 72.17 nmol/L in sufficient group and 61.48 nmol/L in insufficient group). Despite rise in vitamin D level in insufficient group, no significant change was observed in this group in PTH and serum calcium levels. BMD was lower at both sites in vitamin D sufficient group and difference was statistically significant at NOF. Data were analyzed using unpaired t test and presented as mean ± SEM. Conclusion 50% of patients presenting with PHPT were vitamin D insufficient at diagnosis. Vitamin D was adequately replaced so that at 3 years there was no significant difference in vitamin D status in the two groups. Serum calcium and PTH were no different in the two groups at diagnosis and at three years, despite rise in vitamin D levels in the insufficient group. Interestingly, BMD was lower at forearm and neck of femur in those with sufficient vitamin D levels and the difference was statistically significant at neck of femur. Our data show that vitamin D insufficiency does not have any significant impact on PTH and calcium levels and that vitamin D replacement is safe in PHPT and does not impact serum calcium and PTH levels in the short term. Lower BMD in those with adequate vitamin D levels is difficult to explain and needs further research. Disclosure M. Khalid: None. V. Deshani: None. K. Jadoon: None.

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Management of bone metabolism in epilepsy

Ideggyógyászati Szemle ◽

10.18071/isz.74.0257 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (7-8) ◽

pp. 257-265

Author(s):

Firdevs Ezgi Uçan Tokuç ◽

Fatma Genç ◽

Abidin Erdal ◽

Yasemin Biçer Gömceli

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Outpatient Clinic ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Low Bone Mineral Density ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference

Many systemic problems arise due to the side effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) used in epilepsy patients. Among these adverse effects are low bone mineral density and increased fracture risk due to long-term AED use. Although various studies have supported this association with increased risk in recent years, the length of this process has not been precisely defined and there is no clear consensus on bone density scanning, intervals of screening, and the subject of calcium and vitamin D supplementation. In this study, in accordance with the most current recommendations, our applications and data, including the detection of possible bone mineralization disorders, treatment methods, and recommendations to prevent bone mineralization disorders, were evaluated in epilepsy patients who were followed up at our outpatient clinic. It was aimed to draw attention to the significance of management of bone metabolism carried out with appropriate protocols. Epilepsy patients were followed up at the Antalya Training and Research Hospital Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Outpatient Clinic who were at high risk for osteoporosis (use of valproic acid [VPA] and enzyme-inducing drugs, using any AED for over 5 years, and postmenopausal women) and were evaluated using a screening protocol. According to this protocol, a total of 190 patients suspected of osteoporosis risk were retrospectively evaluated. Four patients were excluded from the study due to secondary osteoporosis. Of the 186 patients who were included in the study, 97 (52.2%) were women and 89 (47.8%) were men. Prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) was 42%, in which osteoporosis was detected in 11.8% and osteopenia in 30.6% of the patients. Osteoporosis rate was higher at the young age group (18-45) and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.018). There was no significant difference between male and female sexes according to osteoporosis and osteopenia rates. Patients receiving polytherapy had higher osteoporosis rate and lower BMD compared to patients receiving monotherapy. Comparison of separate drug groups according to osteoporosis rate revealed that osteoporosis rate was highest in patient groups using VPA+ carbamazepine (CBZ) (29.4%) and VPA polytherapy (19.4%). Total of osteopenia and osteoporosis, or low BMD, was highest in VPA polytherapy (VPA+ non-enzyme-inducing AED [NEID]) and CBZ polytherapy (CBZ+NEID) groups, with rates of 58.3% and 55.1%, respectively. In addition, there was no significant difference between drug groups according to bone metabolism markers, vitamin D levels, and osteopenia-osteoporosis rates. Assuming bone health will be affected at an early age in epilepsy patients, providing lifestyle and diet recommendations, avoiding polytherapy including VPA and CBZ when possible, and evaluating bone metabolism at regular intervals are actions that should be applied in routine practice.

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Evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) and indicators of bone turnover in patients with hemophilia

Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences ◽

10.17305/bjbms.2018.2335 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 206-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mehmet Dagli ◽

Ali Kutlucan ◽

Sedat Abusoglu ◽

Abdulkadir Basturk ◽

Mehmet Sozen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Type I ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Significant Difference

A decrease in bone mass is observed in hemophilic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxy vitamin D (vitamin D), and a bone formation and resorption marker, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and urinary N-terminal telopeptide (uNTX) respectively, in hemophilic patients and healthy controls. Laboratory parameters related to the pathogenesis of bone loss such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were also evaluated. Thirty-five men over 18 years of age, with severe hemophilia (A and B) and receiving secondary prophylaxis, were included in the study. The same number of age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters were determined in both groups. No significant difference in anthropometric parameters was found between the two groups. The BMD was low in 34% of hemophilic patients. Vitamin D, calcium, and free testosterone levels were significantly lower (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, p < 0.001, respectively), while PTH, PINP, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels were significantly higher (p < 0.014, p = 0.043, p < 0.001, respectively), in hemophilic patients compared to controls. There was no significant difference between the two groups in NLR, PLR, phosphorus, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and uNTX level. The reduction of bone mass in hemophilic patients may be evaluated using the markers of bone formation and resorption, enabling early detection and timely treatment.

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Protective effect ofGlycyrrhiza glabraroots extract on bone mineral density of ovariectomized rats

BioMedicine ◽

10.1051/bmdcn/2019090208 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dimitrios Galanis ◽

Konstantinos Soultanis ◽

Pavlos Lelovas ◽

Alexandros Zervas ◽

Panagiotis Papadopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Density ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Proximal Tibia ◽

Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Three Point Bending ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of the methanolic extract of plantGlycyrrhiza glabraroots on bone mineral density and femoral bone strength of ovariectomized rats.Methods: Thirty 10-month-old Wistar rats were randomly separated into three groups of ten, Control, Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza in their drinking water. Total and proximal tibial bone mineral density was measured in all groups before ovariectomy (baseline) and after 3 and 6 months post ovariectomy. Three-point-bending of the femurs and uterine weight and histology were examined at the end of the study.Results: No significant difference was noted in bone density percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 3 months between Control and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups (+5.31% ± 4.75 and +3.30% ± 6.31 respectively,P = non significant), and of proximal tibia accordingly (+5.58% ± 6.92 and +2.61% ± 13.62,P = non significant) demonstrating a strong osteoprotective effect. There was notable difference in percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 6 months between groups Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza (−13.03% ± 5.11 and −0.84% ± 7.63 respectively,P < 0.005), and of proximal tibia accordingly (−27.9% ± 3.69 and −0.81% ± 14.85 respectively,P < 0.001), confirming the protective effect ofGlycyrrhiza glabraextract in preserving bone density of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group. Three-point-bending did not reveal any statistically significant difference between Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups. Uterine weights of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group ranged between the other two groups with no statistically significant difference to each.Conclusions:Glycyrrhiza glabraroot extract notably protected tibial bone mineral density loss in Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza rats in comparison with ovariectomized rats, but did not improve biomechanical strength.

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Effects of nano‐silver administration for 4‐weeks on bone mineral density in growing rats

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.738.9 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Myung‐Hwa Kang ◽

Il Je Yu ◽

Mi‐Hyun Kim ◽

Mi‐Kyoung Choi

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Nano Silver ◽

Growing Rats

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Labyrinthectomy decreases bone mineral density in the femoral metaphysis in rats

Journal of Vestibular Research ◽

10.3233/ves-2004-14501 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 361-365

Author(s):

Régis Levasseur ◽

Jean Pierre Sabatier ◽

Olivier Etard ◽

Pierre Denise ◽

Annie Reber

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Whole Body ◽

X Rays ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Femoral Metaphysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Distal Femoral Metaphysis ◽

Vestibular Influence

To determine whether the vestibular system could influence bone remodeling in rats, we measured bone mineral density with dual energy X-rays absorptiometry before and 30 days after bilateral labyrinthectomy. Comparatively to intact control rats, labyrinthectomized animals showed a reduced bone mineral density in distal femoral metaphysis (p = 0.007): the variations between D0 and D30 were +3.0% for controls and -13.9% for labyrinthectomized rats. No significant difference between the 2 groups was observed in the whole body mineral density. These results suggest that the peripheral vestibular apparatus is a modulator of bone mass and more specifically in weight bearing bone. We discuss possible mechanisms of this vestibular influence probably mediated by the sympathetic nervous system.

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Overexpression of Mig-6 in Cartilage Induces an Osteoarthritis-Like Phenotype in Mice

10.21203/rs.2.24144/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Melina Bellini ◽

Michael Andrew Pest ◽

Manuela Miranda Rodrigues ◽

Ling Qin ◽

Jae-Wook Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Composition ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Cartilage Degeneration ◽

Negative Regulator ◽

Control Group ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage. Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig-6) has been identified as a negative regulator of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). Cartilage-specific Mig-6 knockout (KO) mice display increased EGFR signaling, an anabolic buildup of articular cartilage and formation of chondro-osseous nodules. Since our understanding of the EGFR/Mig-6 network in cartilage remains incomplete, we characterized mice with cartilage-specific overexpression of Mig-6 in this study. Methods: Utilizing knee joints from cartilage-specific Mig-6 overexpressing (Mig-6over/over) mice (at multiple time points), we evaluated the articular cartilage using histology, immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative histopathological scoring (OARSI) at multiple ages. MicroCT analysis was employed to examine skeletal morphometry, body composition, and bone mineral density.Results: Our data show that cartilage-specific Mig-6 overexpression did not cause any major developmental abnormalities in articular cartilage, although Mig-6over/over mice have slightly shorter long bones compared to the control group. Moreover, there was no significant difference in bone mineral density and body composition in any of the groups. However, our results indicate that Mig-6over/over male mice show accelerated cartilage degeneration at 12 and 18 months of age. Immunohistochemistry for SOX9 demonstrated that the number of positively stained cells in Mig-6over/over mice was decreased relative to controls. Immunostaining for MMP13 appeared increased in areas of cartilage degeneration in Mig-6over/over mice. Moreover, staining for phospho-EGFR (Tyr-1173) and lubricin (PRG4) was decreased in the articular cartilage of Mig-6over/over mice. Conclusion: Overexpression of Mig-6 in articular cartilage causes no major developmental phenotype; however, these mice develop earlier OA during aging. These data demonstrate that Mig-6/EGFR pathways is critical for joint homeostasis and might present a promising therapeutic target for OA.

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