Direct measurement of the energy expenditure of physical activity in preterm infants

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patti J. Thureen ◽  
Robert E. Phillips ◽  
Karen A. Baron ◽  
Mark P. DeMarie ◽  
William W. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Active Sleep ◽  
Quiet Sleep

The energy cost of physical activity (EEA) has been estimated to account for 5–17% of total energy expenditure (TEE) in neonates. To directly measure EEA, a force plate was developed and validated to measure work outputs ranging from 0.3 to 40 kcal ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ day−1. By use of this force plate plus indirect calorimetry, TEE and EEA were measured and correlated with five activity states in 24 infants with gestational age of 31.6 ± 0.5 (SE) wk and postnatal age of 24.8 ± 3.7 days. TEE and EEA were 69.2 ± 1.5 and 2.4 ± 0.2 kcal ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ day−1, respectively. EEA per state was 0.5 ± 0.0 (quiet sleep), 2.4 ± 0.2 (active sleep), 2.8 ± 0.4 (quiet awake), 7.5 ± 0.8 (active awake), and 15.1 ± 2.3 (crying) kcal ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ day−1. This provides the first direct measurement of the contribution of physical activity to TEE in preterm infants and will enable measurement of caloric expenditure from muscle activity in various disease conditions and development of nursing strategies to minimize unnecessary energy losses.

Determination of total energy expenditure, resting metabolic rate and physical activity in lean and overweight people

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thielecke ◽  
J. Möseneder ◽  
A. Kroke ◽  
K. Klipstein-Grobusch ◽  
H. Boeing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Overweight People

Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Measured with the Bicarbonate-Urea Method in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. J. Paton ◽  
M. Elia ◽  
S. A. Jebb ◽  
G. Jennings ◽  
D. C. MacAllan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Urea Method ◽  
Resting Energy

1. Our objectives were to measure total energy expenditure, the daily variation in total energy expenditure and the physical activity level in a group of HIV-positive subjects using the bicarbonate-urea method. The study also aimed to assess the practicalities of using the bicarbonate-urea technique in free-living conditions. 2. Total energy expenditure was measured with the bicarbonate-urea method over 2 consecutive days (1 day in one subject) in 10 male patients with HIV infection (median CD4 count = 30). Resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. Physical activity level (total energy expenditure/resting energy expenditure) was calculated from these measurements and from activity diaries. 3. Resting energy expenditure was found to be 7.46 ± 0.87 MJ/day, 5% higher than predicted values. Total energy expenditure was 10.69 ± 1.95 MJ/day with an intra-individual day-to-day variation of 6 ± 6%. The measured physical activity level was 1.42 ± 0.14, higher than the diary estimate of 1.34 ± 0.16 (P = 0.029), and there were large inter-method differences in individual values. The subcutaneous infusion of bicarbonate was well tolerated and did not seem to restrict normal activities. 4. Total energy expenditure was not elevated in the group of HIV-positive subjects when compared with reference values for normal subjects. The physical activity level of the patients in this study was lower than that measured using other techniques in healthy young men, but was compatible with that expected for people leading a sedentary lifestyle. Reductions in physical activity in patients with HIV are likely to contribute to the wasting process and physical activity level may thus be a clinically useful measure. This study has also provided the first tracer estimate of the day-to-day variation in total energy expenditure. The bicarbonate-urea method represents an important new investigative tool for measuring total energy expenditure which has previously only been possible within the confines of a whole-body calorimeter or using the expensive doubly labelled water method.

scholarly journals Low physical activity reduces total energy expenditure in women with rheumatoid arthritis: implications for dietary intake recommendations

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronenn Roubenoff ◽  
Joseph Walsmith ◽  
Nancy Lundgren ◽  
Laura Snydman ◽  
Gregory J Dolnikowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure

Energy Expenditure and Body Fat Distribution in Mohawk Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Michael I. Goran ◽  
Mary Kaskoun ◽  
Rachel Johnson ◽  
Charlene Martinez ◽  
Benson Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Free Mass

Objective. Epidemiologic studies suggest that Native Americans, including the Mohawk people, have a high prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk. However, current information on alterations in related variables such as energy metabolism and body composition in Native Americans is almost exclusively limited to already obese Pima adults living in the Southwest. The aim of this study was to characterize energy metabolism and body composition in young Mohawk children (17 girls, 11 boys; aged 4 to 7 years) as compared to Caucasian children (36 girls, 34 boys; aged 4 to 7 years). Total energy expenditure was measured by doubly labeled water, postprandial resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry, and activity energy expenditure was derived from the difference between total and resting energy expenditure. Fat and fat free mass were estimated from bioelectrical resistance, and body fat distribution was estimated from skinfolds and circumferences. Results. There were no significant effects of ethnic background or sex on body weight, height, or body mass index. Fat free mass was significantly higher in boys and fat mass was significantly higher in girls, with no effect of ethnic background. Chest skinfold thickness, the ratio of trunk skinfolds:extremity skinfolds, and the waist:hip ratio were significantly higher in Mohawk children by 2.5 mm, 0.09 units, and 0.03 units, respectively, independent of sex and fat mass. Total energy expenditure was significantly higher in Mohawk children compared to Caucasian (100 kcal/day in girls, 150 kcal/day in boys), independent of fat free mass and sex, due to a significantly higher physical activity-related energy expenditure. Conclusion. These data suggest that: 1) body fat is more centrally distributed in Mohawk relative to Caucasian children, and this effect is independent of sex and body fat content; 2) Mohawk children have a greater total energy expenditure than Caucasian children, independent of fat free mass, due to greater physical activity-related energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Calculation of total energy expenditure in publications on physical activity energy by Yamada et al. in 2009 and 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 1279-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Keiichi Yokoyama ◽  
Risa Noriyasu ◽  
Tomoaki Osaki ◽  
Tetsuji Adachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Energy

scholarly journals Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Level of Lactating Mesoamerindians

1997 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy F. Butte ◽  
Lourdes Barbosa ◽  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
William W. Wong ◽  
E. O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level

Caloric Intake and Energy Expenditures in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari Eli ◽  
Nicholas Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Total energy expenditures for the Indian population between 1983 and 2012 are estimated to shed light on the debate concerning falling measured caloric intake during the period (A. Deaton and J. Drèze. 2009. “Food and Nutrition in India: Facts and Interpretations.” Economic and Political Weekly 44(7): 42–65). Anthropometric, time-use, and detailed employment surveys are used to estimate the separate components of total energy expenditure related to metabolism and physical activity levels. Despite a significant drop in adult physical activity levels, total energy expenditures are flat overall between 1983 and 2012. Rising metabolic requirements due to increases in weight dampened the effect of falling activity levels on total energy expenditure. In addition, the 10 percent decline in the population share of children in the period raised average total energy expenditures considerably as children have much lower metabolic requirements and activity levels than adults.

scholarly journals O8A.5 Total energy expenditure and risk of lymphoma subtypes: results from the european epilymph case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A71.2-A71
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Cocco
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Recreational Physical Activity ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionPhysical activity is known to convey protection against several cancers, but results on risk of lymphoma and its subtypes have been inconsistent. A possible reason might be confounding by workplace exposures associated with occupational energy expenditure, which was not considered in studies of recreational physical activity. It is also unclear whether energy expenditure acts directly, or through preventing obesity.ObjectivesTo investigate the role of energy expenditure, including occupational and recreational physical activity, on risk of lymphoma subtypes.Materials and methodsBased on questionnaire information on lifetime recreational physical activity and lifetime occupational history available for all participants to the multicenter EpiLymph case-control study, we estimated energy expenditure at work by occupational ISCO68 code, and we applied it to the work histories of study subjects. We also categorized hours of lifetime recreational physical activity into quartiles. We calculated risk of lymphoma subtypes with unconditional polytomous regression analysis, associated with increasing categories of lifetime energy expenditure at work (EEW), increasing categories of recreational physical activity (RPA), and their interaction term (total energy expenditure, TEE), adjusting by age, gender, education, body mass index (BMI), and history of farm work and solvents use.ResultsRisk of lymphoma overall, diffuse large B cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma was not associated with EEW, RPA and TEE. Risk of follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated were elevated with medium and high EEW (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.5–6.1; (OR 2.5 95% CI 1.2–5.1, respectively), but there was not a significant upward trend.ConclusionsFurther epidemiologic and mechanistic research is warranted to assess the role of physical activity in the etiology of lymphoma subtypes. New standardized energy expenditure assessment methods, as the ones herein developed, might contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the observed inconsistent findings.

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