Total body skeletal muscle and adipose tissue volumes: estimation from a single abdominal cross-sectional image

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 2333-2338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shen ◽  
Mark Punyanitya ◽  
ZiMian Wang ◽  
Dympna Gallagher ◽  
Marie-Pierre St.-Onge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Intervertebral Space ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abdominal Image ◽  
Total Body

A single abdominal cross-sectional computerized axial tomography and magnetic resonance image is often obtained in studies examining adipose tissue (AT) distribution. An abdominal image might also provide additional useful information on total body skeletal muscle (SM) and AT volumes with related physiological insights. We therefore investigated the relationships between abdominal SM and AT areas from single images and total body component volumes in a large and diverse sample of healthy adult subjects. Total body SM and AT volumes were derived by whole body multislice magnetic resonance imaging in 123 men [age (mean ± SD) of 41.6 ± 15.8 yr; body mass index of 25.9 ± 3.4 kg/m2] and 205 women (age of 47.8 ± 18.7 yr; body mass index of 26.7 ± 5.6 kg/m2). Single abdominal SM and AT slice areas were highly correlated with total body SM ( r = 0.71–0.92; r = 0.90 at L4–L5 intervertebral space) and AT ( r = 0.84–0.96; r = 0.94 at L4–L5 intervertebral space) volumes, respectively. R2 increased by only 5.7–6.1% for SM and 2.7–4.4% for AT with the inclusion of subject sex, age, ethnicity, scanning position, body mass index, and waist circumference in the model. The developed SM and AT models were validated in an additional 49 subjects. To achieve equivalent power to a study measuring total body SM or AT volumes, a study using a single abdominal image would require 17–24% more subjects for SM and 6–12% more subjects for AT. Measurement of a single abdominal image can thus provide estimates of total body SM and AT for group studies of healthy adults.

scholarly journals Correlation of Body Mass Index, Skeletal Muscle, Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Healthy Adults: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
NORBERT CSABA LUKÁCS
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visceral Adipose

ABSTRACT. Introduction. Obesity is one of the 21st century major health challenges. Adipose tissue is distributed in different proportions in the human body depending on where it is located in the body. The purpose of the research. This study aims to determine the relationship between body mass index, skeletal muscle, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in case of first year students of Partium Christian University from Oradea. Subjects and methods. The research included a sample group of 112 students. The analysis of the body composition was performed using the method of bioelectrical impedance. Results. The registered data reveal that 23% of the subjects were overweight or obese and 15% had a low percentage of skeletal muscle. Conclusions. In case of both genders there is a significant negative correlation between the percentage of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue and a significant negative correlation between the percentage of skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue.

Total Body Mass, Fat Mass, Fat-Free Mass, and Skeletal Muscle in Older People: Cross-Sectional Differences in 60-Year-Old Persons

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1633-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula G. Kyle ◽  
Laurence Genton ◽  
Didier Hans ◽  
Veronique L. Karsegard ◽  
Jean-Pierre Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Older People ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body

Evaluating the Skidding Incidence During the Application of Different Parameters of Whole Body Vibration in Healthy Subjects with Normal Body Mass Index: A Preliminary Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
Amin Yoosefinejad ◽  
Sara Shabakhti ◽  
Tahereh Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Context Whole body vibration is a fairly new method with an incremental attention in the fields of sport and rehabilitation. It’s therapeutic and physiologic effects seems to be related to determined parameters like frequency, amplitude, and the position of the subject on the platform. One of the recommended items to be evaluated in studies involving whole body vibration is the skidding of feet. Few studies have reported the incidence of skidding so far. Objective To investigate the skidding occurrence in a group of healthy subjects with normal range of body mass index. Design Cross sectional study Setting Biomechanics lab of the School of Rehabilitation sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Participants Thirty healthy individuals with age range between 18 and 40 years and body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2 Intervention Twelve different conditions including three different frequencies (20, 30, and 45 Hz), high (3 mm) and low (1.5 mm) amplitudes, and two standing positions (erect and semi squat positions) were evaluated. Main outcome measure incidence of skidding Results The incidence percentage varied from 0 to 36%. The highest incidence rate pertained to a condition during which the frequency was 30 Hz, the amplitude was 3 mm, and the subject stood erect on the platform. The skidding did not occur in two of the conditions involving erect standing, frequency equal to 45 Hz, amplitude of 1.5 mm and semi-squat position, frequency equal 20 Hz, and amplitude of 1.5 mm. Conclusion It seems that different parameters such as standing position, selected amplitude, BMI, and frequency rather than a single factor might influence the incidence of skidding.

scholarly journals Whole body, adipose tissue, and forearm norepinephrine kinetics in lean and obese women

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (5) ◽  
pp. E830-E834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon W. Coppack ◽  
Jeffrey F. Horowitz ◽  
Deanna S. Paramore ◽  
Philip E. Cryer ◽  
Henry D. Royal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Abdominal Vein ◽  
Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Forearm Vein

We evaluated whole body and regional (subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and forearm) norepinephrine (NE) kinetics in seven lean (body mass index 21.3 ± 0.5 kg/m2) and six upper body obese (body mass index 36.4 ± 0.4 kg/m2) women who were matched on fat-free mass. NE kinetics were determined by infusing [3H]NE and obtaining blood samples from a radial artery, a deep forearm vein draining mostly skeletal muscle, and an abdominal vein draining subcutaneous abdominal fat. Mean systemic NE spillover tended to be higher in obese (2.82 ± 0.49 nmol/min) than in lean (2.53 ± 0.40 nmol/min) subjects, but the differences were not statistically significant. Adipose tissue and forearm NE spillover rates into plasma were greater in lean (0.91 ± 0.08 pmol ⋅ 100 g tissue−1 ⋅ min−1and 1.01 ± 0.09 pmol ⋅ 100 ml tissue−1 ⋅ min−1, respectively) than in obese (0.26 ± 0.05 pmol ⋅ 100 g tissue−1 ⋅ min−1and 0.58 ± 0.11 pmol ⋅ 100 ml tissue−1 ⋅ min−1, respectively) subjects ( P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that adipose tissue is an active site for NE metabolism in humans. Adipose tissue NE spillover is considerably lower in obese than in lean women, which may contribute to the lower rate of lipolysis per kilogram of fat mass observed in obesity.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging of total body fat

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1778-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Louise Thomas ◽  
Nadeem Saeed ◽  
Joseph V. Hajnal ◽  
Audrey Brynes ◽  
Anthony P. Goldstone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Whole Body Mri ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

In this study we assessed different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning regimes and examined some of the assumptions commonly made for measuring body fat content by MRI. Whole body MRI was used to quantify and study different body fat depots in 67 women. The whole body MRI results showed that there was a significant variation in the percentage of total internal, as well as visceral, adipose tissue across a range of adiposity, which could not be predicted from total body fat and/or subcutaneous fat. Furthermore, variation in the amount of total, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue was not related to standard anthropometric measurements such as skinfold measurements, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio. Finally, we show for the first time subjects with a percent body fat close to the theoretical maximum (68%). This study demonstrates that the large variation in individual internal fat content cannot be predicted from either indirect methods or direct imaging techniques, such as MRI or computed tomography, on the basis of a single-slice sampling strategy.

Obesity Is Associated with Greater Valgus Knee Alignment in Pubertal Children, and Higher Body Mass Index Is Associated with Greater Variability in Knee Alignment in Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Bout-Tabaku ◽  
Justine Shults ◽  
Babette S. Zemel ◽  
Mary B. Leonard ◽  
Robert I. Berkowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Valgus Knee ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Knee Alignment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Obese Subjects

Objective.In adults, osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with obesity and knee alignment. Whether knee alignment differences develop during childhood and are associated with obesity is unknown. We assessed the distribution of knee alignment in children and adolescents, and determined how knee alignment differs between obese and nonobese children.Methods.This cross-sectional study examined knee alignment in 155 healthy weight and 165 obese subjects. Knee alignment [metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle (MDA) and anterior tibiofemoral angle (ATFA)] and fat mass were measured using whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). National reference data were used to generate age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) Z-scores. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify independent factors associated with ATFA and MDA.Results.The mean MDA and ATFA were similar between obese and nonobese subjects. In stratified analyses, females had greater variability in MDA and ATFA values (p < 0.001 and p = 0.04, respectively) at higher BMI Z-scores. Compared with healthy weight controls, obese subjects had less valgus of the MDA prior to the onset of puberty (+ 2.0°, p = 0.001), but had greater valgus at later pubertal stages (−1.9°, p = 0.01).Conclusion.We found significantly greater variability in knee alignment among females at higher BMI Z-scores, and greater valgus alignment in obese adolescents in late puberty. The major limitation is the use of DEXA for assessment of alignment, which needs validation against longstanding radiographs. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether childhood obesity is a risk factor for progressive malalignment that may predispose to pain and risk of early osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Tobacco smoking and body composition in persons living with HIV/AIDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1923-1930
Author(s):  
Lúcia Helena Gonzales Real ◽  
Fernanda Pedrotti Moreira ◽  
Maria Cristina Gonzalez ◽  
Karen Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract This study aimed to assess the association between tobacco smoking and body composition in patients with HIV/AIDS in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). This is a cross-sectional study with people of HIV followed in specialized care service for HIV patients located in the South of Brazil. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) was used to assess smoking and other psychoactive substance use. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as the ratio of body weight (in kilograms) to squared height (in meters). Patients also had their body composition evaluated with a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance (Bodystat® Quadscan 4000, RU) to estimate skeletal muscle index (SMI). In total, 320 subjects were included in the study. The prevalence of smoking was 54.7%. Tobacco smoking was associated with malnutrition, lower body mass index scores, and lower skeletal muscle mass index. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of smoking among patients with HIV/AIDS and that this behavior is associated with worse body composition. Thus, it is suggested to implement strategies to support smoking cessation among people with HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Estimating whole‐body intermuscular adipose tissue from single cross‐sectional magnetic resonance images

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyan Ruan ◽  
Dympna Gallagher ◽  
Tamara Harris ◽  
Jeanine Albu ◽  
Steven Heymsfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Single Cross

scholarly journals Low Skeletal Muscle Index Adjusted for Body Mass Index Is an Independent Risk Factor for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgical Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Berger ◽  
Akihiro Yamada ◽  
Yuga Komaki ◽  
Fukiko Komaki ◽  
Russell D Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background This study aims to evaluate sarcopenia defined by skeletal muscle index (SMI) with cutoffs adjusted for sex and body mass index as a predictive marker for postoperative outcomes among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods The SMI was measured using the cross-sectional computed tomography images at the lumbar spine. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors of postoperative complications. Results Ninety-one patients were included in the study. In multivariate analysis, sarcopenia (odds ratio = 5.37; confidence interval: 1.04–27.6) was predictive of infectious postoperative complications. Conclusions Sarcopenia as defined by the SMI is a predictor for 30-day postoperative infection complications in inflammatory bowel disease surgeries.

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