New statistical calibration approach for Bruker AXS D8 Discover microdiffractometer with Hi-Star detector using GADDS software

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Mapping Method ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Detector Distance ◽  
Detector Surface ◽  
Cell Refinement ◽  
Calibration Approach ◽  
Star Detector ◽  
Statistical Calibration

An additional statistical calibration for the Bruker D8 Discover microdiffractometer is necessary to obtain accurate reproducible 2θ data for cell-refinement work. This new approach uses a graphical mapping method of the 2θ error versus the location of a selected diffraction peak on the detector surface to describe the separate roles of different calibration procedures (rebiasing, flood field, and spatial corrections) and parameters (sample-to-detector distance, x-y center coordinate) in minimizing the error. Optimized parameters are used to obtain the lowest achievable Δ2θ with this setup. Intensity error relative to the position of the diffracted line on the detector was found to be consistent at up to 20% and could not be reduced using any of the investigated techniques and parameters.

A Correspondence-Free Color Chart Design for Color Calibration

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Hakki Can Karaimer ◽  
Rang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Color Space ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Color Chart ◽  
Color Calibration ◽  
Space Transformation ◽  
Color Space Transformation ◽  
Chart Design ◽  
Calibration Approach

Colorimetric calibration computes the necessary color space transformation to map a camera's device-specific color space to a device-independent perceptual color space. Color calibration is most commonly performed by imaging a color rendition chart with a fixed number of color patches with known colorimetric values (e. g., CIE XYZ values). The color space transformation is estimated based on the correspondences between the camera's image and the chart's colors. We present a new approach to colorimetric calibration that does not require explicit color correspondences. Our approach computes a color space transformation by aligning the color distributions of the captured image to the known distribution of a calibration chart containing thousands of colors. We show that a histogram-based colorimetric calibration approach provides results that are onpar with the traditional patch-based method without the need to establish correspondences.

STROKE RELATION CODING—A NEW APPROACH TO THE RECOGNITION OF MULTI-FONT PRINTED CHINESE CHARACTERS

1988 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
PO-NING CHEN ◽  
YUNG-SHENG CHEN ◽  
WEN-HSING HSU
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Relative Direction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Merging Method

This paper describes a new approach to the recognition of multi-font printed Chinese characters. The basic idea is to encode a character in terms of two pre-defined stroke relations, namely, relative position relation and relative direction relation. The code-mapping method chosen in our system possesses two main advantages: the first is that the tree-like data base can be easily extended, and the second is that the processing time is independent of the amount of data base. Since the stability of the extracted strokes greatly affects the coding results, a new stroke merging method, which has been experimentally proven to extract strokes more steadily, is also proposed.

Inverse Constrained Maximum Variance Mapping for Face Recognition

2013 ◽  
Vol 462-463 ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Rong Zhang ◽  
Jia Nan Gu ◽  
Ming Fu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Face Database ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Maximum Variance

Li et al. [Pattern Recognition 41 (2008) 3287 -- 329 proposed the constrained maximum variance mapping method. The CMVM is globally maximizing the distances between different manifolds. We find out that globally minimizing the distances between the same manifolds can have better recognition than CMVM method on the Yale face database, ORL face database and UMIST face database. Hence we propose to use an inverse constrained maximum variance mapping method (ICMVM) which can be seen as the inverse Laplacian Fisher discriminate criteria. Experiment results suggest that this new approach performs well.

scholarly journals Rapid Mapping for Simple Flood Mitigation Using Commercial Drone at Way Galih Village, Lampung, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Arif Rohman ◽  
Dwi Bayu Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Flood Plain ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Plain Area ◽  
Rapid Mapping ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
Data Acquisition Process ◽  
Government Authority

The process to alleviate flood risk, especially flood from a river that occurs excessively in Indonesia, requires a new approach. The attempt to reduce the risk along with the development of technology is by utilising commercial drones and rapid mapping methods for mapping flood plain area. With the rapid mapping method, the flood mitigation process in the village area can be done quickly. The activity carried out was to map the location of possible flooding in the Way Galih Village and case analysis to determine the location of the biogas digester together with the village government authority. The results of the study show that the data acquisition process and aerial photo processing can be carried out within one day and the village policymaker can quickly make policies and decisions about where to place the biogas digester.

scholarly journals Assessment of Long Term Creep Using Strain Rate Matching From the Stepped Isostress Method

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Mach ◽  
Jacob Pellicotte ◽  
Amanda Haynes ◽  
Calvin Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Creep Strain ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Projection Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Matlab Code ◽  
Accelerated Creep ◽  
Term Creep ◽  
Calibration Approach

Abstract Creep testing is an ongoing need, particularly with the development of new candidate alloy systems for advanced energy systems. The conventional creep test (CT) is regarded as a proven method to gather creep data however, the test is impractical due to being real-time: lasting up to 105 hours to characterize the service of long-lived turbomachinery components. Accelerated methods to gather the long-term creep properties of materials are needed to reduce the time to qualification of new materials. The time-temperature-stress-superposition principle (TTSSP) and the derivative time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP), time-stress superposition principle (TSSP), stepped isothermal method (SIM), and stepped isostress method (SSM) are accelerated creep tests (ACT) commonly used to predict the long-term creep behaviors of polymers and composites. The TTSP and TSSP tests require multiple specimen tested at various temperatures/stresses whereas the SIM and SSM tests employ a single specimen where temperature/stress are periodically step increased until rupture. The stepped creep deformation curve can then be time and strain shifted to produce a master creep curve. While these ACTs are useful tools to predict long-term creep, the drawback is the lack of mathematical laws to determine the virtual start time and time shift factors, especially for different materials. In this paper, a new self-calibration approach is developed and compared to existing SSM data for Kevlar 49. This new approach focuses on matching the creep strain rates between stress steps and fitting the data to a master curve using a modified theta projection model. This is performed using a MATLAB code consisting of five subroutines. The first subroutine takes the stress, time, and creep strain from SSM/SIM tests, and segregates the data intro arrays corresponding to each stress level. The second subroutine finds the constants for the modified theta projection model for each stress level. The third subroutine performs a time shift adjustment using creep strain rate matching. The fourth subroutine calculates the accelerated time of rupture. The last subroutine generates accelerated creep versus time plots. Kevlar 49 SSM data is gathered from literature and run through the MATLAB code. The master curves generated from the MATLAB are compared to the conventional creep curve of Kevlar 49 as well as the master curve gathered from literature in order to validate the feasibility of this new approach. The goal of this project is to vet if the self-calibration approach can produce results similar to the reference calibration approach.

The O–C diagrams of minor planets − a new approach to modelling the rotation

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Gy. Szabó ◽  
K. Sárneczky ◽  
L.L. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Ccd Observations

AbstractA widely used tool in studying quasi-monoperiodic processes is the O–C diagram. This paper deals with the application of this diagram in minor planet studies. The main difference between our approach and the classical O–C diagram is that we transform the epoch (=time) dependence into the geocentric longitude domain. We outline a rotation modelling using this modified O–C and illustrate the abilities with detailed error analysis. The primary assumption, that the monotonity and the shape of this diagram is (almost) independent of the geometry of the asteroids is discussed and tested. The monotonity enables an unambiguous distinction between the prograde and retrograde rotation, thus the four-fold (or in some cases the two-fold) ambiguities can be avoided. This turned out to be the main advantage of the O–C examination. As an extension to the theoretical work, we present some preliminary results on 1727 Mette based on new CCD observations.

A New Approach to the Demonstration of Oxidase-Localization Using Tannic Acid Or Catechin

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 698-699
Author(s):  
V. Mizuhira ◽  
Y. Futaesaku
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tissue Block ◽  
Active Reaction ◽  
The Cross

Previously we reported that tannic acid is a very effective fixative for proteins including polypeptides. Especially, in the cross section of microtubules, thirteen submits in A-tubule and eleven in B-tubule could be observed very clearly. An elastic fiber could be demonstrated very clearly, as an electron opaque, homogeneous fiber. However, tannic acid did not penetrate into the deep portion of the tissue-block. So we tried Catechin. This shows almost the same chemical natures as that of proteins, as tannic acid. Moreover, we thought that catechin should have two active-reaction sites, one is phenol,and the other is catechole. Catechole site should react with osmium, to make Os- black. Phenol-site should react with peroxidase existing perhydroxide.

Processing Immunoperoxidase Labeled Cell Monolayers and Cryostat Sesctions For Electron Microscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 714-715
Author(s):  
K. Chien ◽  
R. Van de Velde ◽  
I.P. Shintaku ◽  
A.F. Sassoon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Method ◽  
Reaction Step ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Glass Slides

Immunoelectron microscopy of neoplastic lymphoma cells is valuable for precise localization of surface antigens and identification of cell types. We have developed a new approach in which the immunohistochemical staining can be evaluated prior to embedding for EM and desired area subsequently selected for ultrathin sectioning.A freshly prepared lymphoma cell suspension is spun onto polylysine hydrobromide- coated glass slides by cytocentrifugation and immediately fixed without air drying in polylysine paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixative. After rinsing in PBS, slides are stained by a 3-step immunoperoxidase method. Cell monolayer is then fixed in buffered 3% glutaraldehyde prior to DAB reaction. After the DAB reaction step, wet monolayers can be examined under LM for presence of brown reaction product and selected monolayers then processed by routine methods for EM and embedded with the Chien Re-embedding Mold. After the polymerization, the epoxy blocks are easily separated from the glass slides by heatingon a 100°C hot plate for 20 seconds.

TEM study of a biofilm on copper corrosion

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
W. A. Chiou ◽  
N. Kohyama ◽  
B. Little ◽  
P. Wagner ◽  
M. Meshii
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Natural Seawater ◽  
Copper Corrosion ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Copper Tolerant

The corrosion of copper and copper alloys in a marine environment is of great concern because of their widespread use in heat exchangers and steam condensers in which natural seawater is the coolant. It has become increasingly evident that microorganisms play an important role in the corrosion of a number of metals and alloys under a variety of environments. For the past 15 years the use of SEM has proven to be useful in studying biofilms and spatial relationships between bacteria and localized corrosion of metals. Little information, however, has been obtained using TEM capitalizing on its higher spacial resolution and the transmission observation of interfaces. The research presented herein is the first step of this new approach in studying the corrosion with biological influence in pure copper.Commercially produced copper (Cu, 99%) foils of approximately 120 μm thick exposed to a copper-tolerant marine bacterium, Oceanospirillum, and an abiotic culture medium were subsampled (1 cm × 1 cm) for this study along with unexposed control samples.

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