TXRF with Various Excitation Sources

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (B) ◽  
pp. 925-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wobrauschek ◽  
Peter Kregsamer ◽  
Christina Streli ◽  
Robert Rieder ◽  
Hannes Aiginger
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Power ◽  
Spectral Distribution ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Exciting Radiation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Beam Path ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Excitation Conditions

AbstractImproving the detection limits in TXRF by optimizing the excitation conditions is the goal of this work. The properties of the exciting radiation due to spectral distribution, polarisation, intensity and energy are investigated and compared to find best conditions. Results are given from experiments performed with synchrotron radiation, Bragg polarized monoenergetic x-rays, high energy cut-off reflector in the primary beam path of a high power x-ray tube and several geometries for the sample reflector.

Micro-X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis on a Synchrotron Radiation Wiggler Beam Line

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (B) ◽  
pp. 995-1000
Author(s):  
J.V. Gilfrich ◽  
E.F. Skelton ◽  
S.B. Qadri ◽  
N.E. Moulton ◽  
D.J. Nagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Beam Line ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Orbit

AbstractIt has been well established over recent years that synchrotron radiation possesses some unique features as a source of primary x-rays for x-ray fluorescence analysis. Advantage has been taken of the high intensity emanating from the bending magnets of storage rings to develop x-ray microprobes utilizing apertures or focussing optics, or both, to provide a beam spot at the specimen of the order of micrometers. The use of insertion devices wigglers and undulatora, can further increase the available intensity, especially for the high energy photons. Beam Line X-17C at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, accepts the unmodified continuum radiation from a superconducting wiggler in the storage ring. Some initial XRF measurements have been made on this beam line using apertures in the 10 to 100 micrometer range. The fluorescent radiation was measured by an intrinsic Ge detector having an energy resolution of 300 eV at 15 kev, and located at 90° to the incident beam in the plane of the electron orbit. In samples containing many elements, detection limits of a few ppm were achieved with 100 μm beams.

LIGA Technologies and Applications

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Hruby
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Light Source ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Electromechanical Systems ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate

LIGA, an acronym for the German words for lithography, electroplating, and molding, is a technique used to produce micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) made from metals, ceramics, or plastics. The LIGA process utilizes x-ray synchrotron radiation as a lithographic light source. Highly collimated, high-energy x-rays from the synchrotron impinge on a patterned mask in proximity to an x-ray-sensitive photoresist, typically poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).

scholarly journals Multi-wavelength Behaviour of III Zw2

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Nikita Salvi ◽  
Mat J. Page ◽  
Jason A. Stevens ◽  
Keith O. Mason ◽  
Kinwah Wu
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Photon Index ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Wavelength Light ◽  
Gaussian Line

AbstractIII Zw2 was observed with XMM-Newton in July 2000. Its X-ray spectrum can be described by a power law of photon index Γ≈1.7 with a Gaussian line at 6.7 KeV. There is no significant evidence of intrinsic absorption within the source or of a soft X-ray excess. Multi-wavelength light curves over a period of 25 years show related variations from the radio to X-rays. We interpret the radio to optical emission as synchrotron radiation, self-absorbed in the radio/millimetre region, and the X-rays as mainly due to Compton up-scattering of low energy photons by the population of high energy electrons that give rise to the synchrotron radiation.

scholarly journals Internal Strain Distribution of Laser Lap Joints in Steel under Loading Studied by High-Energy Synchrotron Radiation X-rays

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Takahisa Shobu ◽  
Ayumi Shiro ◽  
Fumiaki Kono ◽  
Toshiharu Muramatsu ◽  
Tomonori Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Strain Distribution ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Internal Strain ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray

The automotive industries employ laser beam welding because it realizes a high energy density without generating irradiation marks on the opposite side of the irradiated surface. Typical measurement techniques such as strain gauges and tube X-rays cannot assess the localized strain at a joint weld. Herein high-energy synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction was used to study the internal strain distribution of laser lap joint PNC-FMS steels (2- and 5-mm thick) under loading at a high temperature. As the tensile load increased, the local tensile and compressive strains increased near the interface. These changes agreed well with the finite element analysis results. However, it is essential to complementarily utilize internal defect observations by X-ray transmission imaging because the results depend on the defects generated by laser processing.

Total Reflectance X-Ray Spectrometry

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Aiginger ◽  
Peter Wobrauschek
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Exciting Radiation ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Energy Cutoff ◽  
Lower Limits

AbstractThe reduction of the background in x-ray fluorescent spectra is achieved by total reflection of the primary x-rays at a plane, smooth surface of a suitable reflector material. This effect essentially reduces the background caused by scattering of the primary photons from the substrate, thus improving the lower limits of detection in x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). Introducing additional to the reflector-substrate another reflector in the primary beam, this affects the spectral distribution of the exciting radiation (“high energy cutoff”). The result is an improved background, where detection limits of picogram amounts or concentrations in the ppb range are attainable for medium Z elements with energy dispersive detectors.

THE DOPPLER FACTORS AT X-RAY BAND OF THE BLAZARS

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 947-956
Author(s):  
D. C. MEI ◽  
L. ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inverse Compton Scattering ◽  
Inverse Compton ◽  
Doppler Factor ◽  
Intrinsic Radiation

We study the Doppler factors for a group blazars at soft X-ray band. In our estimates, we have made the assumptions that (i) blazars can be divided into high-energy-peaked (HEP) objects whose synchrotron peak frequencies νp > 1014.7 Hz , and the low-energy-peaked (LEP) objects whose synchrotron peak frequencies νp≤1014.7 Hz , and (ii) the intrinsic radiation from a blazar in the energy range from radio to soft X-ray bands is the synchrotron radiation for HEP objects and the soft X-ray emission comes from inverse Compton scattering for LEP objects. Under the above assumptions, we estimate Doppler factors at optical (δO) and X-rays (δx) for 54 blazars by using the known radio Doppler factors and the observed flux densities in radio, optical and X-ray bands, and Doppler factors [Formula: see text] at X-ray band in which X-rays are assumed to be produced only by the synchrotron radiation. We get [Formula: see text] . The Doppler factors are different in various wavebands, and on average, the Doppler factor decreases with frequency from radio to X-ray bands.

Focusing high-energy x-rays by a PMMA compound x-ray lens on Beijing synchrotron radiation facility

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zi-Chun ◽  
Liang Jing-Qiu ◽  
Dong Wen ◽  
Zhu Pei-Ping ◽  
Peng Liang-Qiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility

An Integrated X-Ray Tube - Polarizer EDXRF-Spectrometer in Cartesian Geometry

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (B) ◽  
pp. 975-980
Author(s):  
Robert Rieder ◽  
Peter Wobrauschek ◽  
Hannes Aiginger
Keyword(s):  
Anode Material ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Exciting Radiation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Secondary Target ◽  
Cartesian Geometry ◽  
On Line ◽  
Measuring Module

AbstractLinear polarized x-rays are used as exciting radiation to reduce the background and to improve the detection limits in XRF. A combination of an x-ray tube and a measuring module realizing a compact cartesian geometry was constructed. An on-line adjustable Bragg-polarizer, a Barkla-polarizer or a secondary target can be used optionally. The anode material of the tube can be changed easily.

Density measurements of liquid under high pressure and high temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Katayama ◽  
Kazuhiko Tsuji ◽  
Osamu Shimomura ◽  
Takumi Kikegawa ◽  
Mohamed Mezouar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sample Container ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sample Shape ◽  
X Ray Absorption

A new method for density measurements by means of X-ray absorption under high pressure and high temperature using synchrotron radiation has been developed. The method has been modified for a large-volume Paris–Edinburgh press and combined with intense high-energy X-rays at the ESRF. In order to overcome effects of deformation of sample shape under pressure, a ruby cylinder was used as a sample container. The density was determined from the intensity profile of transmitted X-rays. The densities of crystalline and liquid Bi were successfully measured up to 750 K at 1 GPa.

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