scholarly journals Glycerol Enhances the Antifungal Activity of Dairy Propionibacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Lind ◽  
Anders Broberg ◽  
Karin Jacobsson ◽  
Hans Jonsson ◽  
Johan Schnürer
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Penicillium Roqueforti ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Dual Culture Assay ◽  
Penicillium Commune ◽  
Dairy Propionibacteria ◽  
Type Strains

Dairy propionibacteria are widely used in starter cultures for Swiss type cheese. These bacteria can ferment glucose, lactic acid, and glycerol into propionic acid, acetic acid, and carbon dioxide. This research examined the antifungal effect of dairy propionibacteria when glycerol was used as carbon source for bacterial growth. Five type strains of propionibacteria were tested against the yeastRhodotorula mucilaginosaand the moldsPenicillium communeandPenicillium roqueforti. The conversion of13C glycerol byPropionibacterium jenseniiwas followed with nuclear magnetic resonance. In a dual culture assay, the degree of inhibition of the molds was strongly enhanced by an increase in glycerol concentrations, while the yeast was less affected. In broth cultures, decreased pH in glycerol medium was probably responsible for the complete inhibition of the indicator fungi. NMR spectra of the glycerol conversion confirmed that propionic acid was the dominant metabolite. Based on the results obtained, the increased antifungal effect seen by glycerol addition to cultures of propionibacteria is due to the production of propionic acid and pH reduction of the medium.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Assay for Assessment of the Biological Control Potential of Streptomyces sp. KT

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Ohike ◽  
Minori Maeda ◽  
Tetsuya Matsukawa ◽  
Masahiro Okanami ◽  
Shin’ichiro Kajiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Biological Control Potential ◽  
Dual Culture Assay

Rhizoctonia solani is fungal plant pathogen that infects many different host plants. Recently, biological control agents that are friendly to the environment and ecosystems have attracted much attention as an alternative to the use of chemical fungicide which have been used worldwide to control soil borne pathogens including R. solani. In this study, 53 strains of actinomycetes isolated from environmental soils, and antifungal activities of them were assessed by the dual culture assay. Strain KT showed strong inhibitory activities against 8 phytopathogenic fungi. A great suppressive effect on R. solani growth was observed in the inoculation test of plants using cucumber and chin-geng-sai. In addition, infection of Bipolaris oryzae also could be suppressed in the detached leaf assay using oats. As a result of genetic analysis, it was shown that KT was a species closely related to Streptomyces lavenduligriseus NRRL B-3173T. However, as far as we know, there is no report for biological control agents using S. lavenduligriseus. This study suggests that the strain KT may useful as biological control agents to suppress various crop diseases.

scholarly journals Exploration of multitrait antagonistic microbes against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Singh ◽  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Rahul Singh Rajput ◽  
Anukool Vaishnav ◽  
Shatrupa Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Dual Culture Assay

Fusarium wilt is one of the major diseases of tomato causing extensive loss of production. Exploration of agriculturally important microbes (AIMs) for management of the tomato wilt is an ecofriendly and cost effective approach. In the present study, a total 30 Trichoderma and 30 bacterial isolates were screened in the laboratory for their biocontrol activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL). Out of all the isolates tested, Trichoderma asperellum BHU P-1 and Ochrobactrum sp. BHU PB-1 were found to show maximum inhibition of FOL in dual culture assay. Both the microbes also exhibited plant growth promoting activities such as phosphate solubilisation, production of siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), indole acetic acid (IAA) and protease activity. These microbes could be evaluated further in greenhouse and field studies for their potential use in management of Fusarium wilt of tomato.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Beauveria bassiana Endophyte against Botrytis cinerea in Two Solanaceae Crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Barra-Bucarei ◽  
Andrés France Iglesias ◽  
Macarena Gerding González ◽  
Gonzalo Silva Aguayo ◽  
Jorge Carrasco-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Colonization Ability ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Native Strains

Botrytis cinerea causes substantial losses in tomato and chili pepper crops worldwide. Endophytes have shown the potential for the biological control of diseases. The colonization ability of native endophyte strains of Beauveria bassiana and their antifungal effect against B. cinerea were evaluated in Solanaceae crops. Root drenching with B. bassiana was applied, and endophytic colonization capacity in roots, stems, and leaves was determined. The antagonistic activity was evaluated using in vitro dual culture and also plants by drenching the endophyte on the root and by pathogen inoculation in the leaves. Ten native strains were endophytes of tomato, and eight were endophytes of chili pepper. All strains showed significant in vitro antagonism against B. cinerea (30–36%). A high antifungal effect was observed, and strains RGM547 and RGM644 showed the lowest percentage of the surface affected by the pathogen. Native strains of B. bassiana colonized tomato and chili pepper tissues and provided important levels of antagonism against B. cinerea.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial potential of bacterial endophytes that inhabit New Zealands medicinal plant Pseudowintera colorata

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 444-444
Author(s):  
N. Purushotham ◽  
E.E. Jones ◽  
J. Monk ◽  
H.J. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Dual Culture Assay ◽  
Future Work

Medicinal plants are valued for the naturally bioactive compounds they produce International research has demonstrated that these plants contain endophytic microorganisms that through close interaction with the plants physiology contribute to the production of host metabolites either directly or via involvement in biochemical pathways Some endophytes can produce bioactive compounds that are either the same or similar to those originating from their host plants Pseudowintera colorata (horopito or NZ pepper tree) an endemic New Zealand plant used in traditional Maori medicine (rongo257;) is recognised for its antimicrobial properties The biologically active chemical constituent polygodial is used for treating candidiasis A total of 340 endophytic bacteria were recovered from surface sterilised horopito leaves stems and roots from nine sites across New Zealand; strains were assessed for their ability to inhibit the phytopathogens Neofusicoccum parvum N luteum Ilyonectria liriodendri Nectria galligena Pectobacterium atrosepticum and P brasiliensis using a dual culture assay Inhibition zones 1048726;3 mm were considered a positive result Out of the strains tested seven showed activity against all the phytopathogenic fungi tested and ten strains were active against at least three phytopathogens Future work will determine if any of the endophytic bacteria produce polygodial

scholarly journals Biocontrol Potential of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Healthy Rice Plant against Rice Blast Disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Widiantini ◽  
Andri Herdiansyah ◽  
Endah Yulia
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Dual Culture Assay ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Isolation was attempted to collect endophytic bacteria as potential biocontrol agents against rice blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.). The disease is one of major threats in rice production as it can cause 100% yield loss. Concern on the environment and human health has led to the searching of alternative controlling method to replace the commonly used pesticide-based method. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that have intimate relationship with their host without inducing any pathogenic symptom. The use of endophytic microbial as biocontrol agent has its own advantages as the microbes are more easily to adapt to the environment needed by the host plant. We evaluated endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy rice plants and tested for their potential biocontrol activity using dual culture assay. Ten isolates were found to inhibit the growth of P. oryzae of more than 50%. Microscopic observation showed that they were able to cause the mycelia malformation of P. oryzae. Further work is currently in progress to determine their effectiveness in the pot trial. Keywords: Endophytic bacteria; Pyricularia oryzae; biocontrol.

scholarly journals Glycerol Acetylation with Propionic Acid Using Iron and Cobalt Oxides in Al-MCM-41 Catalysts

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-844
Author(s):  
Fabio Ribeiro Tentor ◽  
Diego Borelli Dias ◽  
Mateus Rosolen Gomes ◽  
João Guilherme Pereira Vicente ◽  
Lúcio Cardozo-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Cobalt Oxides ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Acidic Sites ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Mcm 41

In this work, Al-MCM-41 molecular sieves were synthesized, containing iron and/or cobalt oxides, impregnated by incipient wetness method, characterized and applied as catalysts in the acetylation reaction of glycerol with propionic acid to produce green glyceryl propionate molecules of high commercial value. According to this, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), adsorption/desorption N2 isotherms, textural analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis were recorded to evaluate the main characteristics of materials. The presence of Lewis and Brønsted acidic sites and catalysts surface area were observed as important key points to functionalize acetylation reaction. Thus, time reaction, temperature, and glycerol / propionic acid ratio varied to improve the most suitable reaction conditions and behaviors. As a result, glycerol conversion was above 96%, followed by 68% of selectivity to glyceryl monopropionate as well as the formation of glyceryl di- and tri- propionate and a small amount of ethylene glycol dipropionate as an undesired product.  Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification and In Vitro Test for the Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma viride on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Tsegaye Mekuria Ayele ◽  
Guesh Desta Gebremariam ◽  
Subban Patharajan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Biocontrol Efficacy ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Dual Culture Assay ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Introduction: Tomato production in Ethiopia is challenged by many pests and diseases. Fusarium wilt is one of the most important diseases of tomato affecting its productivity. Methods: Tomato tissue and soil samples were collected from tomato farmlands around Aksum town to isolate and identify pathogenic Fusarium species and Trichoderma species with biocontrol efficacy. Samples were processed in the Aksum University Biotechnology laboratory following standard procedures. Results and Discussion: Eight Fusarium and five Trichoderma isolates were obtained. Six of the Fusarium isolates were identified as Fusarium oxysporum, whereas the remaining two were Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium circinatum. Detached leaf bioassay of the F. oxysporum on tomato leaves showed leaf lesion on the tomato variety, Melka oda. The isolated Trichoderma strains were screened for biocontrol potential against virulent F. oxysporum in vitro. The Trichoderma isolate showing the highest biocontrol efficacy against the virulent Fusarium was morphologically identified as Trichoderma viride. in vitro F. oxysporum-T. viride dual culture assay demonstrated that T. viride inhibits the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici with 76.94% growth inhibition. Conclusion: Fusarium oxysporum is prevalent in tomato growing farmlands covered in this study. T. viride identified in this study is an effective biocontrol agent for the identified F. oxysporum fsp. lycopersici in vitro.

Active Packaging of Cheese with Allyl Isothiocyanate, an Alternative to Modified Atmosphere Packaging

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2430-2435 ◽  
Author(s):  
METTE WINTHER ◽  
PER VÆGGEMOSE NIELSEN
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Penicillium Roqueforti ◽  
Antimicrobial Compound ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Penicillium Commune

The natural antimicrobial compound allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), found in mustard oil, is effective against cheese-related fungi both on laboratory media and cheese. Penicillium commune, Penicillium roqueforti, and Aspergillus flavus were more sensitive to AITC when it was added just after the spores had completed 100% germination and branching had started on Czapek yeast extract agar than were spores in the dormant phase. The use of 1 AITC label (Wasaouro interior labels, LD30D, 20 by 20 mm) in combination with atmospheric air in the packaging extended the shelf life of Danish Danbo cheese from 4½ to 13 weeks. Two AITC labels extended the shelf life from 4½ to 28 weeks. Both 1 and 2 labels in combination with modified atmosphere packaging extended the shelf life of the cheese from 18 to 28 weeks. This study showed that AITC was absorbed in the cheese, but it was not possible to detect any volatile breakdown products from AITC in the cheese. Cheese stored for up to 12 weeks with an AITC label had an unacceptable mustard flavor. The mustard flavor decreased to an acceptable level between weeks 12 and 28. Cheese stored in atmospheric air had a fresher taste without a CO2 off-flavor than did cheese stored in modified atmosphere packaging. AITC may be a good alternative to modified atmosphere packaging for cheese. The extended shelf life of cheese in the package is very desirable: the cheese can be transported longer distances, and the packaging can be used for the final maturing of the cheese. Furthermore, AITC can address problems such as pinholes and leaking seals in cheese packaging.

scholarly journals Beneficial Bacteria Identified for the Control of Botrytis cinerea in Petunia Greenhouse Production

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1801-1810
Author(s):  
Kaylee A. South ◽  
Francesca Peduto Hand ◽  
Michelle L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Greenhouse Crops ◽  
Dual Culture Assay ◽  
Methods Of Control

Botrytis cinerea infects most major greenhouse crops worldwide. With its increasing resistance to conventional fungicides and the movement of the greenhouse industry toward more sustainable production practices, alternative methods of control are needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate a collection of 60 bacterial strains through both a dual-culture assay and greenhouse trials to identify strains with biocontrol activity against B. cinerea. For the dual-culture assay, each bacterial strain was streaked on potato dextrose agar medium with B. cinerea. The B. cinerea growth reduction and the zone of inhibition were measured. Thirty-five strains reduced the growth of B. cinerea. All strains were also tested in an initial greenhouse trial in which Petunia × hybrida ‘Carpet Red Bright’ was sprayed and drenched with the bacteria biweekly for 6 weeks. All open flowers were tagged, and plants were inoculated with B. cinerea (1 × 104 conidia per 1 ml). Disease severity indices calculated from the daily flower gray mold severity ratings of all tagged flowers were used to identify the seven top-performing strains. These seven strains were then evaluated in a greenhouse validation trial. The methods were similar to those of the initial greenhouse trials except that replicate numbers were increased. Three strains (Pseudomonas protegens AP54, Pseudomonas chlororaphis 14B11, and Pseudomonas fluorescens 89F1) were selected for the ability to reduce B. cinerea infection in a greenhouse production setting. These strains can be used in future studies to develop additional biocontrol products for the management of B. cinerea in floriculture crops.

scholarly journals Weed-Associated Fungal Endophytes as Biocontrol Agents of Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 in Cavendish Banana

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Dennice G. Catambacan ◽  
Christian Joseph R. Cumagun
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Cavendish Banana ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Dual Culture Assay

The antagonistic activity of fungal endophytes isolated from weeds growing in Cavendish banana farms was determined against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 (Foc TR4) causing Fusarium wilt of Cavendish banana. Forty-nine out of the total 357 fungal endophytes from the roots of weeds exhibited antagonistic activity against Foc TR4. High inhibitory activity at 79.61–99.31% based on dual culture assay was recorded in endophytes Lasiodiplodia theobromae TDC029, Trichoderma asperellum TDC075, Ceratobasidium sp. TDC037, Ceratobasidium sp. TDC241, and Ceratobasidium sp. TDC474. All five endophytes were identified through DNA sequencing with 86–100% identity. Endophyte-treated Grand Naine and GCTCV 218 plantlets showed significantly lower disease incidence (p = 0.014), significantly lower degree of leaf yellowing (p = 0.037) and rhizome discoloration (p = 0.003). In addition, the cultivar Grand Naine was consistently highly susceptible compared with the tolerant cultivar GCTCV 218.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document