scholarly journals Exploration of multitrait antagonistic microbes against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Singh ◽  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Rahul Singh Rajput ◽  
Anukool Vaishnav ◽  
Shatrupa Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Dual Culture Assay

Fusarium wilt is one of the major diseases of tomato causing extensive loss of production. Exploration of agriculturally important microbes (AIMs) for management of the tomato wilt is an ecofriendly and cost effective approach. In the present study, a total 30 Trichoderma and 30 bacterial isolates were screened in the laboratory for their biocontrol activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL). Out of all the isolates tested, Trichoderma asperellum BHU P-1 and Ochrobactrum sp. BHU PB-1 were found to show maximum inhibition of FOL in dual culture assay. Both the microbes also exhibited plant growth promoting activities such as phosphate solubilisation, production of siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), indole acetic acid (IAA) and protease activity. These microbes could be evaluated further in greenhouse and field studies for their potential use in management of Fusarium wilt of tomato.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EFFICACY OF PGPR PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vignesh ◽  
K. Rajamohan ◽  
P. Balabaskar ◽  
R. Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Percent Inhibition

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important, commercial and widely grown vegetable crop in the world. Tomato plays a critical role in nutritional food requirements, income and employment opportunities for the people. However, its production is threatened by the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and production losses between 30%to40%. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the in vitro efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens were observed by the Dual culture technique and Agarwell method under the in vitro conditions.Among the ten isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolate Pf5 found to show the maximum percent inhibition over control (58.75%) and least mycelial growth (37.12mm) in dual culture technique against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. In Agar well method isolate Pf5 proved out the maximum inhibition zone (17.47mm)against Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. lycopersici and percent inhibition over control (80.97%) at 30% concentration level.

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification and In Vitro Test for the Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma viride on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Tsegaye Mekuria Ayele ◽  
Guesh Desta Gebremariam ◽  
Subban Patharajan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Biocontrol Efficacy ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Dual Culture Assay ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Introduction: Tomato production in Ethiopia is challenged by many pests and diseases. Fusarium wilt is one of the most important diseases of tomato affecting its productivity. Methods: Tomato tissue and soil samples were collected from tomato farmlands around Aksum town to isolate and identify pathogenic Fusarium species and Trichoderma species with biocontrol efficacy. Samples were processed in the Aksum University Biotechnology laboratory following standard procedures. Results and Discussion: Eight Fusarium and five Trichoderma isolates were obtained. Six of the Fusarium isolates were identified as Fusarium oxysporum, whereas the remaining two were Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium circinatum. Detached leaf bioassay of the F. oxysporum on tomato leaves showed leaf lesion on the tomato variety, Melka oda. The isolated Trichoderma strains were screened for biocontrol potential against virulent F. oxysporum in vitro. The Trichoderma isolate showing the highest biocontrol efficacy against the virulent Fusarium was morphologically identified as Trichoderma viride. in vitro F. oxysporum-T. viride dual culture assay demonstrated that T. viride inhibits the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici with 76.94% growth inhibition. Conclusion: Fusarium oxysporum is prevalent in tomato growing farmlands covered in this study. T. viride identified in this study is an effective biocontrol agent for the identified F. oxysporum fsp. lycopersici in vitro.

scholarly journals Weed-Associated Fungal Endophytes as Biocontrol Agents of Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 in Cavendish Banana

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Dennice G. Catambacan ◽  
Christian Joseph R. Cumagun
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Cavendish Banana ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Dual Culture Assay

The antagonistic activity of fungal endophytes isolated from weeds growing in Cavendish banana farms was determined against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 (Foc TR4) causing Fusarium wilt of Cavendish banana. Forty-nine out of the total 357 fungal endophytes from the roots of weeds exhibited antagonistic activity against Foc TR4. High inhibitory activity at 79.61–99.31% based on dual culture assay was recorded in endophytes Lasiodiplodia theobromae TDC029, Trichoderma asperellum TDC075, Ceratobasidium sp. TDC037, Ceratobasidium sp. TDC241, and Ceratobasidium sp. TDC474. All five endophytes were identified through DNA sequencing with 86–100% identity. Endophyte-treated Grand Naine and GCTCV 218 plantlets showed significantly lower disease incidence (p = 0.014), significantly lower degree of leaf yellowing (p = 0.037) and rhizome discoloration (p = 0.003). In addition, the cultivar Grand Naine was consistently highly susceptible compared with the tolerant cultivar GCTCV 218.

scholarly journals A Thermotolerant Marine Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S185 Producing Iturin A5 for Antifungal Activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Pratiksha Singh ◽  
Jin Xie ◽  
Yanhua Qi ◽  
Qijian Qin ◽  
Cheng Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Antifungal Compound ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Fusarium wilt of banana (also known as Panama disease), is a severe fungal disease caused by soil-borne Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). In recent years, biocontrol strategies using antifungal microorganisms from various niches and their related bioactive compounds have been used to prevent and control Panama disease. Here, a thermotolerant marine strain S185 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, displaying strong antifungal activity against Foc. The strain S185 possesses multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) and biocontrol utility properties, such as producing indole acetic acid (IAA) and ammonia, assimilating various carbon sources, tolerating pH of 4 to 9, temperature of 20 to 50 °C, and salt stress of 1 to 5%. Inoculation of S185 colonized the banana plants effectively and was mainly located in leaf and root tissues. To further investigate the antifungal components, compounds were extracted, fractionated, and purified. One compound, inhibiting Foc with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25 μg/disk, was identified as iturin A5 by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The isolated iturin, A5, resulted in severe morphological changes during spore germination and hyphae growth of Foc. These results specify that B. amyloliquefaciens S185 plays a key role in preventing the Foc pathogen by producing the antifungal compound iturin A5, and possesses potential as a cost-effective and sustainable biocontrol strain for Panama disease in the future. This is the first report of isolation of the antifungal compound iturin A5 from thermotolerant marine B. amyloliquefaciens S185.

scholarly journals Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp. Cannabis Isolated from Cannabis Sativa L.: In Vitro and in Planta Biocontrol by a Plant Growth Promoting-Bacteria Consortium

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2436
Author(s):  
Marika Pellegrini ◽  
Claudia Ercole ◽  
Carmelo Gianchino ◽  
Matteo Bernardi ◽  
Loretta Pace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a multipurpose plant used in several fields. Several phytopathogens attack hemp crops. Fusarium oxysporum is a common fungal pathogen that causes wilt disease in nurseries and in field cultivation and causes high losses. In the present study, a pathogenic strain belonging to F. oxysporum f. sp. cannabis was isolated from a plant showing Fusarium wilt. After isolation, identification was conducted based on morphological and molecular characterizations and pathogenicity tests. Selected plant growth-promoting bacteria with interesting biocontrol properties—Azospirillum brasilense, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, Herbaspirillum seropedicae and Burkholderia ambifaria—were tested against this pathogen. In vitro antagonistic activity was determined by the dual culture method. Effective strains (in vitro inhibition > of 50%) G. diazotrophicus, H. seropedicae and B. ambifaria were combined in a consortium and screened for in planta antagonistic activity in pre-emergence (before germination) and post-emergence (after germination). The consortium counteracted Fusarium infection both in pre-emergence and post-emergence. Our preliminary results show that the selected consortium could be further investigated as an effective biocontrol agent for the management of this pathogen.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Streptomyces spp. against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris for the management of chickpea wilt

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahanshir Amini ◽  
Zahra Agapoor ◽  
Morahem Ashengroph
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Chickpea Wilt

AbstractIn this study, about 112 isolates ofStreptomyceswere isolated from chickpea rhizospheric soils. Among the isolated strains, five showed strong inhibitory effects against chickpea Fusarium wilt caused byFusarium oxysporumf. sp.ciceris in vitrousing plate assay and selected for further studies. The selected strains were identified asStreptomycesspp. based on morphological and biochemical characterization as well as 16S rDNA sequences analysis. Our results assigned them to strains related to genus ofStreptomyces.In vitro, antagonistic effects ofStreptomycesstrains against the disease were evaluated through the dual-culture method, volatile and non-volatile metabolites, siderophore, protease and chitinase production. All bacterial strains inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen ranging from 26 to 44.2% in dual culture assay. The non-volatile extract of five of theStreptomycesstrains inhibited more than 50% growth of the pathogen, whereas volatile compounds were less effective on mycelial growth inhibition (20.2 to 33.4%). The ability of the biocontrol agents to produce siderophore and protease were varied, whereas, production of chitinase was detected for all strains. Results of the greenhouse assay indicated that all biocontrol agents reduced disease severity (ranging from 38.7 to 54.8%). Accordingly, strain KS62 showed higher control efficacy (54.8%). In addition, the biomass of chickpea plants (plant height and dry weight) significantly increased in plants treated withStreptomycesstrains compared to non-bacterized control. The results of this study showed that it may be possible to manage chickpea Fusarium wilt disease effectively by usingStreptomycesspecies, as biocontrol agents. Therefore, evaluating their efficiency under field conditions is needed.

Construing the Role of Plant Extracts, Fungicides and Bio-agents in Ameliorating Fusarium Wilt Management in Chickpea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Khanna ◽  
Kushal Raj ◽  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Chickpea Wilt

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important leguminous crop around the world. Fusarium wilt incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is a major biotic constraint in chickpea production. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris under in vitro and field conditions. Methods: Plant extracts and fungicides were evaluated using poison food technique while antagonistic activity of bio-agents was studied using dual culture technique under in vitro conditions. Field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different plant extracts, fungicides and bio-agents against Fusarium wilt at Experimental Area of Plant Pathology, CCS HAU, Hisar.Result: Among thirteen plant extracts evaluated in vitro, neem leaves extract was found to be the most effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris followed by datura leaves’ and garlic cloves’ extract which were statistically at par. Out of six plant extracts tested against Fusarium wilt under field conditions, seed treatment with extracts of neem and datura leaves at 10% concentration were most effective and curtailed the wilt incidence by 39.02 and 34.14% along with 7.55 and 6.83% enhanced seed yield. Among fungicides, carbendazim 50 WP was the most toxic fungicide in restricting colony diameter of the pathogen with the least EC50 and EC90 values of 1.28 and 15.24 ppm a.i. followed by azoxystrobin 23 SC with corresponding values of 1.57 and 49.16 ppm a.i., respectively. Seed treatment with carbendazim 50 WP and azoxystrobin 23 SC were superior over other treatments and provided 88.41 and 85.98% reduction in disease incidence along with 12.85 and 10.99% higher seed yield over control. Among the bio-agents tested, T. viride and T. harzianum gave the best results in suppressing the pathogen growth in vitro and in minimizing the disease incidence coupled with improvement in seed yield under field conditions. The present study has provided chemical and non-chemical measures for integrated management of chickpea wilt.

Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control and Tomato Response to Application Methods of Drip-Applied Herbicides in Polyethylene-Mulched Tomato

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler A. Monday ◽  
Wheeler G. Foshee ◽  
Eugene K. Blythe ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam
Keyword(s):  
Extended Period ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Saturation Method ◽  
Application Methods

Drip-applied herbicides provide farmers with a more timely and cost-effective approach for applying PRE herbicides; however, herbicide movement is often limited. Field studies were conducted evaluating drip-application methods for applying PRE herbicides under polyethylene-mulched beds on yellow nutsedge punctures and the corresponding responses of a tomato crop (height and yield). The experiment was a factorial treatment arrangement of three drip application methods and three PRE-applied herbicides [halosulfuron (54 g ai ha−1), S-metolachlor (1.4 kg ha−1), and fomesafen (280 g ha−1)]. Herbicides were applied either immediately following saturation of the planting beds (method A), over an extended period while saturating the beds (method B), or prior to bed saturation (method C). Additional treatments included a commercial standard (S-metolachlor sprayed to the bed surface prior to mulch application) and a nontreated control (polyethylene mulch only). Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S-metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard. With the exception of nutsedge punctures counted 56 DAT, application method did not influenced measurable outcomes. At 56 DAT nutsedge punctures were significantly lower in treatments applied by method B compared to those applied with method A.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Some Rhizosphere Microorganisms in Controlling Fusarium Wilt of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
AM Sarker ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
M Rashid ◽  
ZR Bhuian
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Rhizosphere Microorganisms

An experiment was conducted at the Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Net House of Plant Pathology Department, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during July 2011 to June 2012 to investigate the efficacy of some antagonistic rhizosphere microorganisms against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causing Fusarium wilt of tomato. Probable 20 antagonistic bacterial isolates and one antagonistic fungal isolate (Trichoderma harzianum) from rhizosphere soil were screened out against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Out of 20 bacterial isolates, only four (Iso-1, Iso-2, Iso-3 and Iso-4) were found effective in dual culture method. Out of all antagonists, Trichoderma harzianum produced the highest inhibition zone (75.75 %), while the lowest inhibition zone (28.39 %) was produced by Iso- 2. In blotter method, the highest prevalence of Fusarium oxysporum was observed in control (11.25%), while the lowest was in Iso-1 (0.58%) treated seeds. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17494 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 96-103

scholarly journals Biocontrol Potentials of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria against Fusarium Wilt Disease of Cucurbit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash T. Shanthi ◽  
Ravishankar R. Vittal
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Fusarium spp., are the major soil-borne as well as seed borne pathogens causing wilt and rot diseases in more than 80 plant species including cucurbits. Fusarium spp., causes up to 100 % yield loss in the worldwide. Eleven isolates including three standard isolates were tested both in-vitro and in-vivo. In-vitro assay was done by dual culture method. Maximum inhibition was in case of Fusarium solani by Bacillus cereus MIC5. Sarratia spp. MIC1 antagonized the F. verticillodes and F. solani2. P. aeruginosa MIC2 inhibits all tested isolates F. oxysporum1. P. aeruginosa MTCC2581 suppressed the radial growth rate of F. oxysporum2. The two systemic fungicides used were chlorothalonil + mefenoxam (1000 ppm) and carbendazim (75 ppm to 500 ppm) which checked the growth of F. oxysporum. Carbendazim was more effective compared to mefenoxam + chlorothalonil at all tested concentrations. The crude extract of P. aeruginosa MIC2 developed in chloroform: methanol (9:1) showed a metabolite at Rf - 0.77 which it may be 2,4- diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. Increased cucurbit seeds germination and seedling vigour was observed in B. amyloliquefaciens MIC6 (68% 1576) and P. aeruginosa MTCC2581 (70% 1929) in primed seeds. Further P. aeruginosa MTCC2581 can be tested in the field against the Fusarium wilt.

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