scholarly journals Development of Polymethylmethacrylate Based Composite for Gas Sensing Application

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S165-S170 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Devikala ◽  
P. Kamaraj
Keyword(s):  
Thick Film ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Oxide Composites

Gas detection instruments are increasingly needed for industrial health and safety, environmental monitoring and process control. Conductive polymer composites have various industrial applications. The composite prepared by mixing carbon black with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has very good gas sensing applications. The gas sensors based on carbon nanotube/polymer, ceramic and metal oxide composites such as epoxy, polyimide, PMMA / Barium titanate and tin oxide have also been developed. In the present work, a new composite has been prepared by using PMMA and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP). The PMMA/Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (PMADP) composites PMADP 1 and PMADP 2 were characterized by using Powder XRD. The thick films of the composite on glass plates were prepared by using a spin coating unit at 9000 rpm. The application of the thick film as gas sensor has been studied between 0 and 2000 seconds. The results reveal that the thick film of PMADP composite can function as a very good gas sensor.

scholarly journals Double Notched Long-Period Fiber Grating Characterization for CO2 Gas Sensing Applications †

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Chang Hsu ◽  
Tso-Sheng Hsieh ◽  
Tzu-Hsuan Huang ◽  
Liren Tsai ◽  
Chia-Chin Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Fiber Grating ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Long Period Fiber Grating ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Co2 Gas Sensor ◽  
Period Fiber Grating

In this study, we applied a double-sided inductively coupled plasma (ICP) process to nanostructure long-period fiber grating (LPFG) in order to fabricate a double-notched LPFG (DNLPFG) sensor with a double-sided surface corrugated periodic grating. Using the sol-gel method, we also added thymol blue and ZnO to form a gas sensing layer, thus producing a DNLPFG CO2 gas sensor. The resulting sensor is the first double-sided etching sensor used to measure CO2. The experimental results showed that as the CO2 concentration increased, the transmission loss increased, and that the smaller the fiber diameter, the greater the sensitivity and the greater the change in transmission loss. When the diameter of the fiber was 32 μm (and the period was 570 μm) and the perfusion rate of CO2 gas was 15%, the maximum loss variation of up to 3.881 dB was achieved, while the sensitivity was 0.2146 dB/% and the linearity was 0.992. These results demonstrate that the DNLPG CO2 gas sensor is highly sensitive.

scholarly journals Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber-Based Dual Gas Sensor for Detection of Methane and Carbon Dioxide in the Near- and Mid-Infrared Regions

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaworski ◽  
Paweł Kozioł ◽  
Karol Krzempek ◽  
Dakun Wu ◽  
Fei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Core Fiber ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

In this work, we present for the first time a laser-based dual gas sensor utilizing a silica-based Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber (ARHCF) operating in the Near- and Mid-Infrared spectral region. A 1-m-long fiber with an 84-µm diameter air-core was implemented as a low-volume absorption cell in a sensor configuration utilizing the simple and well-known Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) method. The fiber was filled with a mixture of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), and a simultaneous detection of both gases was demonstrated targeting their transitions at 3.334 µm and 1.574 µm, respectively. Due to excellent guidance properties of the fiber and low background noise, the proposed sensor reached a detection limit down to 24 parts-per-billion by volume for CH4 and 144 parts-per-million by volume for CO2. The obtained results confirm the suitability of ARHCF for efficient use in gas sensing applications for over a broad spectral range. Thanks to the demonstrated low loss, such fibers with lengths of over one meter can be used for increasing the laser-gas molecules interaction path, substituting bulk optics-based multipass cells, while delivering required flexibility, compactness, reliability and enhancement in the sensor’s sensitivity.

scholarly journals The Challenges of Prolonged Gas Sensing in the Modern Urban Environment

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5189
Author(s):  
Shai Kendler ◽  
Asaf Zuck
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Deployment Strategy ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
Dust Separator ◽  
Consistent Performance

The increase in the urban population is impacting the environment in several ways, including air pollution due to emissions from automobiles and industry. The reduction of air pollution requires reliable and detailed information regarding air pollution levels. Broad deployment of sensors can provide such information that, in turn, can be used for the establishment of mitigating and regulating acts. However, a prerequisite of such a deployment strategy is using highly durable sensors. The sensors must be able to operate for long periods of time under severe conditions such as high humidity, solar radiation, and dust. In recent years, there has been an ongoing effort to ruggedize sensors for industrial applications with an emphasis on elevated temperature, humidity, and pressure. Some of these developments are adapted for urban air sensing applications. However, protection from dust is based on filters that have not been modified in the last few decades. Such filters clog over time, thus requiring frequent replacement. This editorial presents the need for a consumable-free dust removal device that provides consistent performance without affecting the sensing process. A specific solution for removing dust using a cyclone dust separator is presented. The cyclone dust separator is implemented as an add-on module to protect commercially available sensors.

NiCo2O4 Nanosheets for High Performances Formaldehyde Gas Sensing Performances

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-292
Author(s):  
Haihui Zhang ◽  
Nabi Ullah ◽  
Mudassar Abbas ◽  
Sumaira Naeem ◽  
Mirza Nadeem Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Gas Sensing Properties ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Nico2o4 Nanosheets

The advancements in gas sensors application with maximum performances in selectivity, response, accuracy in resistance measurements and inexpensive fabrication cost has led researcher to develop and new outstand nanomaterials for environmental safety. In this study, we followed a simple hydrothermal route to synthesize ultrathin NiCo2O4 nanosheets used in gas sensing applications. The wide surface area of nanosheets provides plenty of surface area for the adsorption of HCHO gas molecules. The nanostructures are testified using XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM, respectively. The nanosheets are tested for diverse gases at assorted effective temperature ranges, and shows high response and selectivity towards formaldehyde gas. The outstanding gas-sensing properties of ultrathin NiCo2O4 nanosheets based sensor make it a potential candidate in industrial applications.

The Study of Graphene Gas Sensor

2014 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Nahlik ◽  
Jan Voves ◽  
Alexandr Laposa ◽  
Jiri Kroutil
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Graphene Layer ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Electrical Measurement ◽  
Generalized Gradient ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Greens Function

The graphene is suitable for gas sensing applications for its two dimensional char-acter which gives the best possible ratio between sensor surface and volume. The interactionbetween graphene surface and gas molecules can signicantly change the graphene layer trans-port properties. Therefore graphene can serve as a sensitive layer in a gas sensor. This work isconcentrated on the analysis of the conductivity of graphene layer exposed to dierent gases(NH3, CO2 ...). Together with the electrical measurement on the interdigital graphene sensora simulation based on quantum atomistic approach has been performed. We used ATK toolkitby Quantuwise based on density functional theory (DFT) models. The exchange-correlationpotential is approximated within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The trans-port properties of the electrode-device- electrode geometry were calculated by means of non-equilibrium Greens function formalism as implemented in ATK. Experimental conductivitychanges are compared with the simulation results.

scholarly journals Boron-doped few-layer graphene nanosheet gas sensor for enhanced ammonia sensing at room temperature

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1007-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhda Srivastava ◽  
Shubhendra K. Jain ◽  
Govind Gupta ◽  
T. D. Senguttuvan ◽  
Bipin Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Graphene Nanosheet ◽  
Ammonia Sensing ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

A boron-doped few-layer LPCVD graphene sensor is successfully designed and demonstrated for enhanced NH3 gas sensing applications.

scholarly journals Novel 3-Dimensional Cotton-Like Graphenated-Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized via Floating Catalyst Chemical Vapour Deposition Method for Potential Gas-Sensing Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ismayadi Ismail ◽  
Md Shuhazlly Mamat ◽  
Noor Lyana Adnan ◽  
Zainab Yunusa ◽  
Intan Helina Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Chemical Vapour Deposition ◽  
Vapour Deposition ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Graphenated Carbon Nanotubes

We reported the synthesis of graphenated-carbon nanotubes (G-CNTs) using a floating catalyst chemical vapour deposition (FCCVD) method and formed a bulk-cotton-like structure. The objectives of this work were to study the effect of the injection rate parameter of the carbon source on the formation of G-CNTs and CNTs and later to test them as an ammonia gas sensor. Ethanol, thiophene, and ferrocene were mixed and injected into FCCVD at 1150°C. The as-synthesized samples were then characterized using FESEM, HRTEM, TGA, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and electrical conductivity measurement. We found that the injection rate of 5 ml/h was suitable for the formation of G-CNTs and a higher injection rate resulted in the formation of CNTs. Our measurement showed that the electrical conductivity response of G-CNTs was higher compared to that of CNTs. The gas-sensing performance of the gas sensor made of G-CNT materials also showed good response compared to that of CNTs. This experimental work paved the way for how we can selectively synthesize CNTs and G-CNTs via the FCCVD method, and G-CNTs have proven to be a better material for gas sensors.

A NOVEL ROUTE FOR THE FORMATION OF GAS SENSORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Areeba Khayal
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Gas Detection ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Inorganic Nanocomposites

The rapid development of conductive polymers shows great potential in temperature chemical gas detection as their electrical conductivity is often changed upon spotlight to oxidative or reductive gas molecules at room temperature. However, the relatively low conductivity and high affinity toward volatile organic compounds and water molecules always exhibit low sensitivity, poor stability and gas selectivity, which hinder their practical gas sensor applications. In addition, inorganic sensitive materials show totally different advantages in gas sensors like high sensitivity, fast response to low concentration analytes, high area and versatile surface chemistry, which could harmonize the conducting polymers in terms of the sensing individuality. It seems to be a good option to combine inorganic sensitive materials with polymers for gas detection for the synergistic effects which has attracted extensive interests in gas sensing applications. In this appraisal the recapitulation of recent development in polymer inorganic nanocomposites-based gas sensors. The roles of inorganic nanomaterials in improving the gas sensing performances of conducting polymers are introduced and therefore the progress of conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites including metal oxides, metal, carbon (carbon nanotube, graphene) and ternary composites are obtainable. Finally, conclusion and perspective within the field of gas sensors incorporating conducting polymer inorganic nanocomposites are summarized. Keywords: Gas sensor, conducting polymer, polymer-inorganic nanocomposites; conducting organic polymers nanostructure, synergistic effect, polypyrrole (PPY), polyaniline (PANI).

scholarly journals Aldehyde Gas Detection using Nanostructured Zno-based Gas Sensor fabricated via Horizontal Vapor Phase Growth Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 012102
Author(s):  
R S Olarve ◽  
H M Dela Torre ◽  
J R Foronda ◽  
M G Santos ◽  
N J Sajor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Phase Growth ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Vapor Phase Growth ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Detection of aldehydes such as pentanal, hexanal, octanal, and nonanal are studied with the use of nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) as sensing element. ZnO nanowires synthesized at optimized growth parameters using horizontal vapor phase growth (HVPG) technique was used due to its unique properties in gas sensing applications. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) were used to verify the growth of ZnO nanowire structures. Further characterization using Source Meter was used to measure its resistance and resistivity based on the I-V graph. The sensor substrate wire set-up is connected to the Source Meter for resistance measurements as exposed to the different gas concentration of aldehydes. Gas sensing measurements were done at the static headspace gas concentration of the identified aldehydes. The sensor response of nanostructured ZnO-based gas sensor towards different gas concentrations ranges from 5.84% to 38.08%. Response time varies but it was observed that octanal gas has the longest response while pentanal has the fastest response.

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