scholarly journals Effect of Tuber Crop Wastes/Byproducts on Nutritional and Microbial Composition of Vermicomposts and Duration of the Vermicomposting Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nedunchezhiyan ◽  
S. K. Jata ◽  
G. Byju ◽  
S. S. Veena
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Complete Conversion ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Tuber Crops ◽  
Pot Culture

A pot culture experiment on vermicomposting of cassava and sweet potato wastes/byproducts was conducted for March–May (season I) and June–August (season II) during 2010 at the Regional Centre of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Orissa. The study revealed that the vermicompost prepared from biomass and byproducts of tuber crops had fairly higher levels of nitrogen (1.12–2.23%), phosphorus (0.26–0.88%), and potassium (0.33–1.29%) compared to initial status. The vermicompost prepared from sweet potato dry leaves had the highest nitrogen (2.23% and 2.03%), phosphorus (0.88% and 0.69%), and potassium (1.29% and 0.84%) content during both the years of study. Cassava thippi (tuber residue) required 40–43 days for the complete conversion into vermicompost, whereas all other biomass and byproducts needed more time (43–65 days). The rate of increase of earthworm weight and population was higher in vermicompost made from cassava and sweet potato thippi. Microbial counts indicated that populations of bacteria and fungi were higher in season I, whereas actinomycetes were higher in season II. The study indicated that all the biomass and byproducts of tuber crops can be effectively converted into high-value vermicompost.

scholarly journals Effect of Biofertilizers Application on Soil Biodiversity and Litter Degradation in a Commercial Apricot Orchard

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116
Author(s):  
Elena Baldi ◽  
Paola Gioacchini ◽  
Daniela Montecchio ◽  
Stefano Mocali ◽  
Livio Antonielli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Litter Deposition ◽  
Litter Degradation ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
One Year

The aim of the present experiment was to determine if the supply of biofertilizers could differently stimulate the native microbiota, thus determining different patterns of organic material decomposition processes. The microbial composition of soil and litter was investigated by next generation sequencing using a metabarcoding approach. The chemical structure of the decomposing litterbags was investigated through the TG-DTA analysis and NIR spectroscopy. The study was conducted in an apricot orchard in Italy, and two different type of biofertilizers (AMF and Trichoderma spp.) were compared to unfertilized control over one year. Bacteria and fungi in soil, 162 days from litter deposition, evidenced differentiated clusters for control and both biofertilizers; on the other hand, only fungal composition of litterbags was modified as a consequence of Trichoderma spp. supply; no effect was observed in the bacterial community of litterbags. NIR and TG-DTA analysis evidenced a significant change over time of the chemical composition of litterbags with a faster degradation as a consequence of Trichoderma spp. supply testified by a higher degradation coefficient (1.9) than control (1.6) and AMF (1.7). The supply of biofertilizers partially modified the bacteria community of soil, while Trichoderma spp. Influenced the fungal community of the litter. Moreover, Trichoderma spp. Evidenced a faster and higher degradation of litter than AMF-biofertilizers, laying the foundation for an efficient use in orchard.

Impact of processing methods on microbial load of reared and wild-caught edible crickets (Scapsipedus icipe and Gryllus bimaculatus) in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Gatheru ◽  
F.M. Khamis ◽  
F.L.O. Ombura ◽  
J. Nonoh ◽  
C.M. Tanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Deep Frying ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Gryllus Bimaculatus ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Fungal Populations

The microbial composition of farmed and wild Scapsipedus icipe and Gryllus bimaculatus is presented. The aim of this study is to determine the microbial load of the two cricket species and evaluate the efficiency of processing methods (boiling, sun-drying, freeze-drying, snap-freezing and deep-frying) in reducing microbial counts. Farmed and wild species were compared based on microbial diversity. Fresh crickets had high microbial counts, bacterial and fungal populations ranged from 4.26-4.58 log cfu/g and 3.48-4.48 log cfu/g fresh weight, respectively. Upon processing, microbial counts reduced, bacterial counts ranged from 1.00-2.08 log cfu/g dry weight (boiled) and 2.70-3.34 log cfu/g dry weight (sun-dried). Fungal counts ranged from1.85-1.95 log cfu/g dry weight (boiled) and 2.95-3.51 log cfu/g dry weight (sun-dried). Deep-frying, freeze-drying and snap-freezing emerged as the best processing methods. Although there is no alarm in consuming fresh crickets, a processing method is advisable to minimize any possible risks.

scholarly journals Major Root and Tuber Crops Production in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Kutoya Kusse
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Extension System ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
South Omo ◽  
Tuber Crops

Increasing production and productivity of agriculture in general and root and tuber crops in particular require a strong linkage between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The growing in agriculture sector does not occur without non-agricultural sectors. The major root and tuber crops production and productivity in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia is very low in relation to the land coverage under the crops, due to poor and under recommended rate of improved agricultural technology utilization and low skill of management and related practices by the producers. To solve these root and tuber related problems and increase the production and productivity of the crops, strong and result based farmers training centers and interlinked research extension system are important and strongly interconnected . This study was conducted in five districts of South Omo Zone namely Debub Ari from agricultural based, Malle and Bena-Tsemay from agro-pastoral, Hammer, and Dasenech from pastoral. The districts are selected purposively based on root and tuber crop production potential. The result shows that the area coverage, production and productivity of the major root and tuber crops decreases from time to time and their diseases and pests increases thoroughly. Farmers in the study area should use disease resistance varieties and the production inputs at a recommended rate and time. The major root and tuber crops that are grown in the study area are sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), potato (Solanum tuberosum), cassava (Manihot esculenta), taro (Colocasia esculenta), and enset (Ensete ventricosum).

scholarly journals Prospective Zinc Solubilising Bacteria for Enhanced Nutrient Uptake and Growth Promotion in Maize (Zea maysL.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Goteti ◽  
Leo Daniel Amalraj Emmanuel ◽  
Suseelendra Desai ◽  
Mir Hassan Ahmed Shaik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Zinc Supplement ◽  
Seed Bacterization ◽  
Significant Release ◽  
Pot Culture

Zinc (Zn) is one of the essential micronutrients required for optimum plant growth. Substantial quantity of applied inorganic zinc in soil is converted into unavailable form. Zinc solubilising bacteria are potential alternates for zinc supplement. Among 10 strains screened for Zn solubilisation, P29, P33, and B40 produced 22.0 mm clear haloes on solid medium amended with ZnCO3. Similarly, P17 and B40 showed 31.0 mm zone in ZnO incorporated medium. P29 and B40 showed significant release of Zn in broth amended with ZnCO3(17 and 16.8 ppm) and ZnO (18 and 17 ppm), respectively. The pH of the broth was almost acidic in all the cases ranging from 3.9 to 6.1 in ZnCO3and from 4.1 to 6.4 in ZnO added medium. Short term pot culture experiment with maize revealed that seed bacterization with P29 @ 10 g·kg−1significantly enhanced total dry mass (12.96 g) and uptake of N (2.268%), K (2.0%), Mn (60 ppm), and Zn (278.8 ppm).

The Tropical Tuber Crops: Yams, Cassava, Sweet Potato and Cocoyams

Kew Bulletin ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Wickens ◽  
I. C. Onwueme
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Tuber Crops

scholarly journals Nitrogen fixating ability of mungbean genotypes under different levels of nitrogen application

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Razzaque ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
ARM Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
N Application ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Pot Culture

A pot culture experiment was conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during kharif II, 2012 to evaluate the nodulation, biological nitrogen fixation and yield potential of genotypes of mungbean under varying levels of N application. There were 10 mungbean genotypes viz. IPSA 12, GK 27, IPSA 3, IPSA 5, ACC12890055, GK 63, ACC12890053, BU mug 4, BARI Mung 6 and Binamoog 5, each genotype treated with six levels of N (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha-1) . Among the genotypes, the IPSA 12 at 40 kg N ha-1 produced the maximum number of nodules (14.54 plant-1) as well as the highest nitrogen fixation (2.684 mmol C2H4). This resulted in the highest seed yield (14.22 g plant-1). The genotype ACC12890053 recorded the lowest nodulation (6 plant-1), nitrogen fixation (1.134) and seed yield (7.33 g plant-1).Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 163-171, March 2016

STUDIES ON FOOT AND ROOT ROT OF WHEAT: II. CULTURAL RELATIONSHIPS ON SOLID MEDIA OF CERTAIN MICRO-ORGANISMS IN ASSOCIATION WITH Ophiobolus graminis SACC.

1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Broadfoot
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Reliable Indication ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Growth Reaction ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Pot Culture

The antagonistic and compatible growth relationships of 66 cultures of bacteria and fungi, most of which were from the soil, towards O. graminis on potato dextrose agar and Molisch's salt peptone agar, were compared with the effect of each on the virulence of this pathogene on wheat seedlings in open soil culture.Of the 21 cultures which controlled the virulence of O. graminis in the soil, only 15 of these were antagonistic on potato dextrose agar, while of the 45 cultures which gave intermediate or no control, 17 were compatible and 28 were decidedly antagonistic. From data secured indirectly, the antagonism or compatibility of the micro-organisms toward O. graminis, observed on potato dextrose agar, did not seem to depend on active alkali or acid more than on other metabolic products. The study apparently demonstrates that the growth reaction of various micro-organisms and O. graminis, associated on the two solid media used, is not a reliable indication that the same micro-organism will or will not suppress the virulence of this pathogene on wheat in soil in open pot culture.

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