scholarly journals Effect of Sertraline on Uremic Pruritus Improvement in ESRD Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansor Shakiba ◽  
Hoshang Sanadgol ◽  
Hamid Reza Azmoude ◽  
Mohamad Ali Mashhadi ◽  
Hassan Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Uremic Pruritus ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chronic Pruritus ◽  
Esrd Patients

Background. Although uremic pruritus is a common and upsetting problem of chronic kidney disease, there is no approved treatment for it. This study was undertaken to find the efficiency of sertraline as a possible treatment for uremic pruritus.Methods. 19 ESRD patients under hemodialysis with severe chronic pruritus were randomly selected to participate in this before-after clinical trial. Before and after starting treatment with sertraline, a detailed pruritus history was obtained and pruritus graded by the 30-item inventory of pruritus that patients based on priorities grade allocated to 3 classes. Subjects were treated with sertraline 50 mg oral daily for four months, with monthly assessments of pruritus symptoms.Results. Before treatment with sertraline, the grade of pruritus in 9 (47.4%) patients was moderate and severe in 10 (52.6%) patients. After treatment, grade of pruritus in 11 (57.8%) patients was weak, 6 (31.5%) have moderate and only 2 (10.7%) patients have severe pruritus. Of 10 patients with severe pruritus, 5 (50%) patients experiencing weak pruritus, and 4 (40%) patients have moderate pruritus after treatment. Based on Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the difference between the grade of pruritus before and after treatment with sertraline was significant (P=0.001).Conclusions. Although no definitive recommendation can be made regarding treatment of uremic pruritus, we found an increased antipruritic effect of sertraline in ESRD patients.

scholarly journals PENAMBAHAN LATIHAN CORE STABILITY PADA PROGRAM PELATIHAN ATLET DAYUNG UNTUK PENINGKATAN KECEPATAN MENDAYUNG

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyno Aryo Christanto ◽  
N. Adiputra ◽  
S. Indra Lesmana ◽  
Dw P. Sutjana ◽  
Made Muliarta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Generally, core stability exercise as a training program is needed in almost kind of sport including paddle, analysis of movement in any kind of paddle sport such as kayak, canoe, or even rowing have been showed that the activity of core stability muscles are really needed. Purpose: purpose of this research is to know the effectivity of core stability exercise replenishment to increase sculling speed in paddle training program. Methods: This research is experimental with treatment by subject design project, involving 15 paddle athletes which divided into two groups and consists of II periods which are, Period I and Period II. In the 1st period, the athletes were given extra core stability exercise along with their normal paddling routine mean while in the 2nd period, the athletes only doing their normal paddling routine. Each period do the trial in 6 weeks, so this reseach took 12 weeks. In 1st period, the subjects were given extra core stability training 3 times a week along with their normal paddling routine where as subjects in period II only do their normal paddling routine. Results: The used of parametric paired t test is to know the difference of sculling speed before and after the trials were given. To period I pre test value is 3.80 ± 0.26 meters/second while the post test value is 4.06 ± 0.41 meters/second and the value 0.001 (p<0.05)mean while the 2nd period use Wilcoxon signed rank test to know the difference of sculling speed between before and after the trial were given resulting pre test value 3.80 ± 0.22 meters/second and post test value 3.91 ± 0.27 meters/second while the p value is 0.004 (p<0.05). After 12 weeks of sculling speed test between both period using Wilcoxon signed rank test and resulting obvions with period I value 0.26 ± 0.20 meters/second and period II value is 0.11 ± 0.12 meters/second along with p value 0.001 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, based on the result of my research test, we can concluded that the addition of core stability exercise in paddle training program is more effective to increase sculling speed.

The Degree of Subjective Complaints of Students Practice in Mechanical Technology Laboratories

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
I Ketut Widana
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Paired T Test

The working practice of the engineering students is part of the learning process that is irreducible and indispensable. The composition of  lecturing between theoretical and practical one is 40% to 60%. With this condition, the students spend more time at the laboratory. Generally, the students perform in the laboratory work by standing position. The design of research is observational cross-sectional. The method applied is observation, interview and measuring. The subjects of research are practicing students amounting to 21 students. Referring to the analysis of statistical test or Wilcoxon signed ranks test, the difference of effect of work position is significant, namely p < 0.05 towards musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) before and after working. The quantity of the average complaint after working is score 44.62 ± 9.47. The result of Wilcoxon signed rank test shows that there is significant different effects of standing work position, namely p < 0.05 towards fatigue generally before and after working. The degree of the working pulse is on the average of 110.78  ± 17.80 bpm (beats per minutes) which can be categorized into the medium workload. Using paired t-test, the result is p < 0.05.

Frenotomy in Infants with Tongue-Tie and Breastfeeding Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Srinivasan ◽  
Alex Al Khoury ◽  
Svetlana Puzhko ◽  
Carole Dobrich ◽  
Meira Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Community ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Breastfeeding Counseling ◽  
The Right ◽  
Breastfeeding Problems ◽  
Numeric Rating

Background: Infant tongue-tie can cause breastfeeding problems, which may be improved by frenotomy. However, controversy exists among the medical community. Research aim: To examine the influence of frenotomy on infants with posterior ankyloglossia, by quantifying the changes in breastfeeding and maternal nipple pain using standardized tools. Methods: Newborns ( N = 30) below 12 weeks of age were recruited from the Herzl–Goldfarb Breastfeeding Clinic between April 2014 and April 2015. Diagnosis of posterior ankyloglossia was made clinically. Frenotomy was performed. Mothers received breastfeeding counseling before and after the procedure. Pain and breastfeeding were assessed before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and after 2 days, 7 days and 14 days. Breastfeeding was assessed using the LATCH Tool and by subjective questioning. Maternal nipple pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating System. Results: No complications were reported with frenotomy. There was a significant improvement in LATCH score immediately post-frenotomy, with an increase in median scores from 7.5 to 8.5 ( p < .0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). There was a significant decrease in median pain score immediately post-frenotomy, from 3.0 on the left nipple and 3.25 on the right nipple, to 0 bilaterally ( p < .0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Subjective improvement in breastfeeding was reported by 90% of mothers immediately after frenotomy and 83% of mothers at Day 14. Conclusion: Frenotomy for posterior ankyloglossia may improve breastfeeding and nipple pain.

scholarly journals Amprenavir and Efavirenz Pharmacokinetics before and after the Addition of Nelfinavir, Indinavir, Ritonavir, or Saquinavir in Seronegative Individuals

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 3373-3381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene D. Morse ◽  
Susan Rosenkranz ◽  
Michael F. Para ◽  
Yoninah Segal ◽  
Robin DiFrancesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Aids Clinical Trials

ABSTRACT Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group 5043 examined pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between amprenavir (APV) and efavirenz (EFV) both by themselves and when nelfinavir (NFV), indinavir (IDV), ritonavir (RTV), or saquinavir (SQV) is added. A PK study was conducted after the administration of single doses of APV (day 0). Subjects (n = 56) received 600 mg of EFV every 24 h (q24h) for 10 days and restarted APV with EFV for days 11 to 13 with a PK study on day 14. A second protease inhibitor (PI) (NFV, 1,250 mg, q12h; IDV, 1,200 mg, q12h; RTV, 100 mg, q12h; or SQV, 1,600 mg, q12h) was added to APV and EFV on day 15, and a PK study was conducted on day 21. Controls continued APV and EFV without a second PI. Among subjects, the APV areas under the curve (AUCs) on days 0, 14, and 21 were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Ninety-percent confidence intervals around the geometric mean ratios (GMR) were calculated. APV AUCs were 46% to 61% lower (median percentage of AUC) with EFV (day 14 versus day 0; P values of <0.05). In the NFV, IDV, and RTV groups, day 21 APV AUCs with EFV were higher than AUCs for EFV alone. Ninety-percent confidence intervals around the GMR were 3.5 to 5.3 for NFV (P < 0.001), 2.8 to 4.5 for IDV (P < 0.001), and 7.8 to 11.5 for RTV (P = 0.004). Saquinavir modestly increased the APV AUCs (GMR, 1.0 to 1.4; P = 0.106). Control group AUCs were lower on day 21 compared to those on day 14 (GMR, 0.7 to 1.0; P = 0.042). African-American non-Hispanics had higher day 14 efavirenz AUCs than white non-Hispanics. We conclude that EFV lowered APV AUCs, but nelfinavir, indinavir, or ritonavir compensated for EFV induction.

scholarly journals Utilization of Technology to Improve Efficiency in Investigational Drug Management Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Dinesh Pal Mudaranthakam ◽  
Colin Cernik ◽  
Leslie Curtis ◽  
Blake Griffith ◽  
Jinxiang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Investigational Drug ◽  
Utilization Of Technology ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference

Background: Background: An investigational pharmacy is responsible for all tasks related to receiving, storing, and dispensing of any investigational drugs. Traditional methods of inventory and protocol tracking on paper binders are very tedious and could be error-prone. Objective: To evaluate the utilization of the IDS to efficiently manage the inventory within an investigational Pharmacy. We hypothesize that the IDS will reduce the drug processing time. Methods: Our pharmacy tracked the drug processing time before and after using the IDS including the receiving, dispensing, and inventory. As part of the receiving the study drug pharmacists tracked the time it took a pharmacist to complete the tasks of logging the study drug before and after the implementation of the IDS system. In addition, the pharmacy also timed the process for drug dispensing and a full investigational drug inventory check. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the difference in the meantime of total processing before and after the IDS. Results: Utilization of the IDS system showed significant reduction in processing time, and improvement of efficiency in inventory management. Additionally, the usability survey of the IDS demonstrated that the IDS system helped pharmacists capture data consistently across every clinical trial. Conclusion: Our results demonstrates how technology helps pharmacists to focus on their actual day to day medication-related tasks rather than worrying about other operational aspects. Informatics team continues to further enhance the features such as monitor portal, and features related to finance – generation of invoices, billing reconciliation, etc.

scholarly journals Comparison of tendency and accuracy in predicted post-operative refraction and recommended IOL power between IOL Master and VERION before and after optimizing IOL-constant in the VERION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Teshigawara ◽  
Akira Meguro ◽  
Nobuhisa Mizuki
Keyword(s):  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
K Value ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Iol Power ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: We assessed the accuracy and tendency of the VERION image-guided system (Alcon) and the intra-ocular lens (IOL) Master 700 (Zeiss), by comparing mean refractive shift (MRS) of predicted post-operative refraction (PPR), mean absolute error (MAE) of PPR, recommended IOL power (RIP) and K-value before and after optimizing the IOL-constant in VERION, to show the importance of optimization.Methods: This retrospective study involved 72 eyes. K-value was measured with both biometers. Axial length (AL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) measured by the IOL Master were applied to the VERION because it cannot measure these variables. The User group for Laser Interference Biometry (ULIB) IOL-constant for the IOL Master was applied to the VERION before optimizing the IOL constant, since no such official measure was established for it. MRS of PPR, MAE of PPR, RIP and K-value as measured by both biometers were compared before and after optimizing the IOL-constant in the VERION. Finally, correlations between the MRS, MAE, RIP, and K-value were analyzed in the VERION. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for analysis.Results: Compared to the IOL Master, K-value was significantly higher in the VERION. Prior to optimization, MRS of PPR showed a significant myopic shift in the VERION, and MAE of PPR was significantly higher. Additionally, RIP in the VERION was significantly lower. After optimization, there were no significant differences in the MRS of PPR and RIP between the VERION and IOL Master. MAE of PPR in the IOL Master was significantly higher than in the VERION. No significant correlations were found between MRS and MAE of PPR and RIP with K-value in the VERION. Conclusions: Before optimization, the VERION was less reliable in MRS, MAE and RIP than the IOL Master. However, after optimization, the difference in MRS and RIP between the two devices became insignificant. This study indicates that optimization of IOL-constant in the VERION is vital. After optimization, the VERION is more accurate in PPR than the IOL Master.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pelatihan terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Kader Posyandu tentang Deteksi Dini TBC Anak di Kelurahan Tanjung Mas Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Eti Rimawati ◽  
Sri Handayani ◽  
Catur Yuantari
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children

Introduction: Symptoms of tuberculosis in children that are not specific require early detection efforts. One of the efforts to carry out early detection is to monitor children's growth and development in posyandu activities. Posyandu cadres have an important role in this. The purpose of this training activity is to increase the knowledge of posyandu cadres in early detection of tuberculosis in children. Method: The target of the training was 21 posyandu cadres who were selected by purposive sampling. Training activities as a form of community service are carried out with the stages of giving a pretest, presentation of material and case and posttest questions. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test analysis is used to determine differences in knowledge before and after training.Result Recommendation: All cadres were female, with the lowest education was junior high school (9.8%), the youngest was 38 years old and the oldest was 65 years old. The results of the difference test showed that there was a difference between before and after training (p value 0.0006), indicating that the training method was effective in increasing the knowledge of the cadres

scholarly journals Argument Mapping to Improve Student's Mathematical Argumentation Skills

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1208-1212
Author(s):  
Nonik Indrawatiningsih ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Abdur Rahman As'ari ◽  
Cholis Sa'dijah
Keyword(s):  
Rank Test ◽  
Mathematical Argumentation ◽  
Revised Bloom's Taxonomy ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Argument Mapping ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance

This study aims at investigating the difference in students' mathematical argumentation skills before and after the implementation of argument mapping in learning mathematics. It is a quasiexperiment with a quantitative approach. The population was the students of class X Natural Sciences Program in a state senior high school in Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia. 36 students were involved. The instrument was a mathematical argumentation skills test. Several components were established, adopted from the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy, namely identifying (C1), explaining (C2), drawing conclusions (C3), reducing/adding premises (C4), deducing (C5), and developing/constructing (C6). Students' mathematical argumentation skills were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test at 5% level of significance (∝ = 0.05). The findings of this study indicate that students' argumentation skills after the implementation of argument mapping is better than prior treatment (p = 0.002). It can be claimed that argument mapping is effective for improving such skills.

UJI BEDA PREFERENSI BELANJA IMPOR BARANG KIRIMAN ATAS PERUBAHAN BATAS PEMBEBASAN BEA MASUK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himawan Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
T Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Signed Rank Test

ABSTRACT: Modification of threshold exemption from import duties was tested whether changing consumer preferences in shopping from abroad. This study uses a paired test with the initial hypothesis that there is no difference in the daily average value of imports before and after the policy is applied. The research data is only from the Customs offices which have services for shipment items (32 offices) on October 1, 2019, to March 2, 2020. Descriptive statistical results show that the average was USD135,065, then dropped to USD127,430. Based on the results, both the Paired Sample T Test and The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test obtained a p-value of 0,000, meaning that the initial hypothesis was rejected. The adoption of this policy has changed the preferences of consumers shopping from abroad. The Government's aim to reduce the trade balance deficit and protect domestic businesses appears to be successful, however, if there are no substitute goods available in the country, the import will only move from importing consignment goods to general imports. The novelty is the variable of import duty on shopping preferences is not widely used. The limitation of this study only measures changes in spending preferences, do not in state revenue.Keywords: shopping preference, consignment, tax exemption, difference test ABSTRAK:Perubahan kebijakan batas pembebasan terhadap bea masuk dan pajak atas impor barang kiriman diuji apakah merubah preferensi konsumen dalam berbelanja barang yang dikirim langsung dari luar negeri melalui mekanisme impor barang kiriman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif melalui uji berpasangan dengan hipotesis awal tidak adanya perbedaan nilai rerata impor harian baik sebelum maupun setelah kebijakan berlaku. Data penelitian hanya kantor-kantor Bea Cukai yang memiliki pelayanan atas barang kiriman (32 kantor) pada 1 Oktober 2019 sampai dengan 2 Maret 2020. Hasil statistik deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa rerata harian impor sebelum kebijakan tersebut berlaku sebesar USD135.065, kemudian turun menjadi USD127.430. Berdasarkan pengujian, baik pada Paired Sampel T Test maupun pada Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0.000 (hipotesis awal ditolak). Hal ini berarti penerapan kebijakan tersebut telah merubah preferensi belanja dari luar negeri melalui impor barang kiriman. Tujuan Pemerintah untuk mengurangi defisit neraca perdagangan dan melindungi usaha dalam negeri tampaknya berhasil, namun apabila belum tersedia barang subtitusi di dalam negeri, importasi tersebut hanya akan berpindah dari impor barang kiriman menjadi impor umum. Keterbaruan pada penelitian ini adalah variabel bea masuk pada preferensi belanja belum banyak digunakan. Keterbatasan penelitian ini hanya mengukur perubahan preferensi belanja, tidak mengukur perubahan penerimaan negara.Kata Kunci: preferensi belanja, impor barang kiriman, pembebasan pajak, uji beda

5HT in Migraine Patients with Medication-Induced Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 410-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Hering ◽  
V Glover ◽  
K Pattichis ◽  
T Catarci ◽  
TJ Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Chronic Daily Headache ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Medication Withdrawal ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Medication Abuse ◽  
Daily Headache

Whole blood 5HT levels were measured in seven female migraine sufferers with chronic daily headache due to medication abuse, before and after abrupt medication withdrawal. A statistically significant increase in 5HT levels, from mean 4.89 mmol/1 to mean 6.59 mmol/I ( p < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed rank test), as well as a significant improvement in the number of headache-free days ( p < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed rank test), occurred after 4 weeks of withdrawal. We conclude from this pilot study that 5HT may be important in the physiopathogenesis of chronic daily headache. Alternatively, reduced 5HT may be the result of chronic daily headache or else an epiphenomenon.

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