Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial, Antinociceptive, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Two Chemotypes ofPimenta pseudocaryophyllus(Myrtaceae)

Preparations fromPimenta pseudocaryophyllus(Gomes) L.R. Landrum (Myrtaceae) have been widely used in Brazilian folk medicine. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanol extracts, fractions, semipurified substances, and essential oils obtained from leaves of two chemotypes ofP. pseudocaryophyllusand to perform the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory screening. The ethanol extracts were purified by column chromatography and main compounds were spectrally characterised (1D and 2D1H and13C NMR). The essential oils constituents were identified by GC/MS. The broth microdilution method was used for testing the antimicrobial activity. The abdominal contortions induced by acetic acid and the ear oedema induced by croton oil were used for screening of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively. The phytochemical analysis resulted in the isolation of pentacyclic triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenol acids. The oleanolic acid showed the best profile of antibacterial activity for Gram-positive bacteria (31.2–125 μg mL−1), followed by the essential oil of the citral chemotype (62.5–250 μg mL−1). Among the semipurified substances,Ppm5, which contained gallic acid, was the most active forCandidaspp. (31.2 μg mL−1) andCryptococcusspp. (3.9–15.6 μg mL−1). The crude ethanol extract and fractions from citral chemotype showed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects.

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Antimicrobial Essential Oil Combinations to Combat Foot Odour

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-0592-8022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 84 (09/10) ◽

pp. 662-673 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ané Orchard ◽

Alvaro Viljoen ◽

Sandy van Vuuren

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽

Juniperus Virginiana ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Synergistic Interactions ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

AbstractFoot odour (bromodosis) is an embarrassing and perplexing condition mostly caused by bacteria of the Brevibacterium species. Essential oils are a credible option as an affordable treatment of odour and contribute towards antimicrobial efficacy. Therefore, this study sets out to investigate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil combinations against odour-causing bacteria. The broth microdilution method was used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of 119 essential oil combinations, and the fractional inhibitory index was calculated to determine the interactive profile. Combinations that resulted in synergy in 1 : 1 ratios were further evaluated in different concentrations, and isobolograms were plotted to determine the influence of the ratio on overall activity. Numerous combinations could be identified as having synergistic interactions against the Brevibacterium spp. and no antagonism was observed. The combination of Juniperus virginiana (juniper) and Styrax benzoin (benzoin) demonstrated synergy against all three Brevibacterium spp. tested and J. virginiana was the essential oil responsible for the majority of the synergistic interactions. The results reported here confirm the promising potential of the majority of these oils and selected combinations in treating and controlling bromodosis.

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Anthriscus nemorosa Root Essential Oil

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100600229 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100600

Author(s):

Milica Pavlović ◽

Silvana Petrović ◽

Marina Milenković ◽

Maria Couladis ◽

Olga Tzakou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Bacillus Subtilis Atcc ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Main Components ◽

Total Oil ◽

Root Essential Oil

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the roots of Anthriscus nemorosa (Bieb.) Sprengel (Umbelliferae) was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Among sixty-two compounds identified (representing 89.0% of the total oil), the main components were: n-nonane (12.1%), n-hexadecanol (6.9%), δ-cadinene (6.4%), β-pinene (6.0%) and germacrene D (5.4%). Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), the Gramnegative bacterium Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and a yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 10259 and ATCC 24433) using the broth microdilution method.

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Assessment and antimricrobial modulating activity of the extract of Baccharis cinerea DC. from cariri cearense

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-42278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Cleberton Torres Santos ◽

Luiz Eduardo Oliveira Teotônio ◽

Ana Paula Leite Nascimento ◽

Darcio Luiz de Sousa Júnior ◽

Ítalo Mykaell da Silva Benjamin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Asteraceae Family

Baccharis cinerea belongs to the Asteraceae family, in Brazil is found in the Northeast and Southeast, occurring in the Caatinga and Mata Atlântica biomes, on the edges of the seasonal forests, board and altitude forests in both regenerating primary and secondary areas. Has proven antimicrobial and antiviral activity and is widely used in folk medicine for its various therapeutic effects and is used as an antiseptic for skin and wound infections, inflammation, diarrhea as well as being used as a purgative. The plants used in the traditional medicine are more and more explored scientifically because they are possible resources of substances with antimicrobial activity in front damage man’s health microorganism. In this context the objective of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity, modulator activity of antibiotic and in vitro phytochemical prospection of leaf ethanol extracts. Tests were performed on the bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536). The antibacterial activity was analyzed by means determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). For the evaluation of the modulating activity, the microdilution method of the diluted extract samples with the antibiotic’s amikacin, clindamycin and gentamicin was used. The MIC results were ≥ 1024 μg mL-1 by the bacterial strains. There was a relevance of concentrations in modulation with the antimicrobials tested such as amikacin and gentamicin, there were no discrepancy of clindamycin results in association with the extract. The chemical constituents found were leucoanthocyanidins, flabobenic tannins, flavanones, flavones, flavonoids, xanthones, chalcones, aurones. It is important to note that is necessary to do other studies to evaluate the potential of this species because it has important chemical compounds in reducing antimicrobial resistance.

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HPTLC analysis and anti-inflammatory activity of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) leaves

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v12i3.4816 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 2077-2082

Author(s):

Ananthi T ◽

Ramya V

Keyword(s):

Antiinflammatory Activity ◽

Protein Denaturation ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Metabolite Profile ◽

Solvent Mixture ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Plectranthus Amboinicus

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. are generally used in Chinese folk medicine for treating fever, cough, mumps, sore throats, and mosquito bite. The current study was therefore carried out to provide vital pharmacological details about the leaf. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of ethanolic extract from Plectranthus amboinicus. The leaves of Plectranthus amboinicus were rinsed, air dried and then powdered using machine. The ethanol extract of the plant was used for phytochemical analysis to identify the constituents present in the plants. HPTLC analysis was carried out to investigate its secondary metabolite profile by using the solvent mixture. The anti-inflammatory effect was analysed by inhibition of protein denaturation assay. The hypotonicity induced haemolysis was observed from 100µg/ml to 500µg/ml of extract concentration. The results proved that the ethanolic leaf extract of P.amboinicus has antiinflammatory activity. The presence of flavonoid, quercetin in plant extract was confirmed by HPTLC analysis and these flavonoids may be responsible for the antiinflammatory activity. Further studies are needed to the development of potential drug that may be used for various pharmacological activities.

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Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Erodium species: E. ciconium L., E. cicutarium L., and E. absinthoides Willd. (Geraniaceae)

Chemical Papers ◽

10.2478/s11696-010-0014-x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Zorica Stojanović-Radić ◽

Ljiljana Čomić ◽

Niko Radulović ◽

Milan Dekić ◽

Vladimir Ranđelović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

AbstractThe present study gives results of chemical composition analyses and antimicrobial activity testing of three Erodium species: E. ciconium L., E. cicutarium L., and E. absinthoides Willd. Essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation from air-dried entire plants and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. A total of 209 different compounds were identified: 162 for E. cicutarium, 107 for E. ciconium, and 79 for E. absinthoides. Antimicrobial activity (broth microdilution method) of the oils was screened against a panel of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and a number of fungi. Moderate susceptibility of all tested strains was observed. Determined MIC values were 0.156–5 mg mL−1 (bacterial strains) and 0.039–0.325 mg mL−1 (fungal strains). Major component of the most active oil, palmitic acid, was also tested for activity together with stearic and myristic acids.

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Evaluation of Anti-Propionibacterium Acnes and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Polyphenolic Extracts of Medicinal Herbs in Jordan

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/1629 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 211-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Luay Abu-Qatouseh ◽

Eyad Mallah ◽

Kenza Mansour

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Propionibacterium Acnes ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Acne vulgaris is one of the most common health problem where medical treatment is sought in adults worldwide. It has been long described the integral role of Propionibacterium acnes in the pathogenesis of this disease. In this study, a group of local herbs known for their antimicrobial effects were selected for the evaluation of potential anti-acnes effects in vitro. Phenolics and flavonoid contents of methanolic extracts of Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha rotundifolia, Inula viscosa, Utrica dioica, Malva sylvestris, Quercus calliprinos, Arum palaestinum and Achille aodorata collected from different regions in Jordan during 2016-2017 were screened for antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes by disc diffusion and by broth microdilution method. Measurement of release of interleukin 1 alpha from human skin explants by ELISA was used for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects of the herbal preparations and extracts. M. rotundifolia and E. globulus, showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents in contrast to M. sylvestris which showed the least phenolic contents. Moreover, polyphenolic fractions exhibited modest anti-acne activity of herbal extracts of E. globulus and A. palaestinum (MIC 0.125 mg/ml), U. dioica (0.25 mg/ml) and I. viscosa (0.5 mg/ml), compared to not significant antimicrobial activity for others (MIC >1mg/ml). Regarding anti-inflammatory effects of the tested fractions, E. globulus and A. palaestinum extracts showed inhibition of interleukin 1 alpha release by more than 60 % for concentrations of 0.5 mg/ml respectively. The presence of anti-inflammatory and anti-acne activities in the polyphenolic extracts of local medicinal plants would increase the potential of using these herbs in the control of Acne vulgaris.

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Chemical Composition and Bactericidal Activity of the Essential Oils of Four Species of Annonaceae Growing in Brazilian Amazon

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200437 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joelma Moreira Alcântara ◽

Juliana Mesquita V. M. de Lucena ◽

Roselaine Facanali ◽

Marcia Ortiz M. Marques ◽

Maria da Paz Lima

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Caryophyllene Oxide ◽

Strong Activity ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Microdilution Method

A study was conducted to determine the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of essential oils from Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R.E. Fr., Ephedranthus amazonicus R.E. Fr., Guatteria blepharophylla Mart. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. The essential oils were obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The chromatograms showed the predominance of sesquiterpenoids. Spathulenol was the major constituent of oils of B. multiflora (20.3%), X. aromatica (21.5%) and E. amazonicus (16.9%); followed by caryophyllene oxide of G. blepharophylla (55.7%). Other constituents with significant percentages were the sesquiterpenes β-bisabolene (11.9%) in the samples oil of B. multiflora, humulene epoxide II (16.3%) of E. amazonicus, the monoterpenes trans-pinocarveol (10.2%) and dihydrocarveol (11.6%) of X. aromatica. The essential oils of X. aromatica and G. blepharophylla showed strong activity against Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus sanguinis by microdilution method. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus also was detected by G. blepharophylla essential oil.

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Circadian Rhythm, and Antimicrobial and Anticholinesterase Activities of Essential Oils from Vitex gardneriana

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300528 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Evaristo Jose Pires Pereira ◽

Jean Parcelli Costa do Vale ◽

Priscila Teixeira da Silva ◽

Joyce dos Reis Lima ◽

Daniela Ribeiro Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythm ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Trichophyton Rubrum ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

First Time

Vitex gardneriana, popularly known as “jaramataia”, is a shrub commonly found in the caatinga biome located in northeast Brazil. In folk medicine, its leaves have been used as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. Here we describe, for the first time, the chemical composition of the leaf essential oils extracted at 8.00, 12.00 and 17.00 h from V. gardneriana and report on their circadian rhythm, and antimicrobial and anticholinesterase activities. The essential oils’ antifungal activity was evaluated by a broth microdilution method using strains of dermatophytes, fungi and yeasts. The modulatory activity assays were performed by the checkerboard technique using ketoconazole as a standard drug, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was performed using Ellman's colorimetric method and compared with a reference acetycholinesterase inhibitor (physostigmine). The essential oils extracted from the leaves were analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID. Twenty-five constituents (94.7%) were identified in the 8 o'clock oil, these being 2 monoterpenes (0.4%) and 23 sesquiterpenes (94.3%). For the essential oil extracted at 12 o'clock, 26 constituents (91.8%) were identified, of which 2 were monoterpenes (0.3%) and 24 sesquiterpenes (91.5%). For the essential oil extracted at 17.00 h, 32 constituents (91.4%) were identified, of which 5 were monoterpenes (3.4%) and 27 sesquiterpenes (88%). The main constituents of the 8.00, 12.00 and 17.00 h essential oils were the sesquiterpenes cis-calamenene (27.9, 24.5 and 25.8%), 6,9-guaiadiene (21.8, 11.2 and 18.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (16.7, 26.3 and 13.8%), respectively. The essential oils showed activity against strains of Trichophyton rubrum.

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Synergy between Essential Oils of Calamintha Species (Lamiaceae) and Antibiotics

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300325 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marina Milenković ◽

Jelena Stošović ◽

Violeta Slavkovska

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

The Subject

The subject of the study was the investigation of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (EOs) isolated from Calamintha sylvatica, C. vardarensis, C. nepeta and C. glandulosa, as well as their antibacterial activity in combination with antibiotics. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of EOs was performed using the GC/FID and GC/MS methods. The antimicrobial activity of EOs against six standard bacterial strains and one strain of yeast was tested using the broth microdilution method, while the antimicrobial activity of a combination of essential oils and gentamicin/ciprofloxacin was tested by the checkerboard method. The dominant components (> 10%) of the essential oils were: cis-piperitone epoxide and menthone ( C. sylvatica), pulegone and menthone ( C. vardarensis), pulegone and piperitenone ( C. nepeta), pulegone, piperitenone, menthone and piperitone ( C. glandulosa). EOs did not exhibit significant antimicrobial activity except the essential oil of C. vardarensis which was selectively active against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC - 21.25 μg/mL). The overall effect of essential oil-antibiotic combinations varied from synergistic (FICI ≤ 0.5) to antagonistic (FICI ≥ 2) depending on the bacterial strain tested.

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ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Brunfelsia uniflora LEAF EXTRACT

Arquivos de Ciências Veterinárias e Zoologia da UNIPAR ◽

10.25110/arqvet.v21i3.2018.7203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Leticia de Cássia Thiesen ◽

Itaruã Marchri Colla ◽

Glacy Jaqueline Silva ◽

Mariane Gamba Kubiak ◽

Maria Graciela Iecher Faria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Food Industries ◽

E Coli ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

Finding bioactive compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity from natural sources has been a challenge., mainly due to the increase in microbial resistance. This study aimed at prospecting the main classes of secondary metabolites and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Brunfelsia uniflora leaf extract. The ethanolic extract was obtained by dynamic maceration with solvent, and the antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans by broth microdilution method. The phytochemical analysis of B. uniflora leaf extract showed the presence of saponins, tannins and alkaloids. The extract presented minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5 mg/mL for E. coli. The 1.49 mg/mL extract concentration inhibited 50% of free radicals in the DPPH solution at 60 µM. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of this plant extract were the basis of studies to develop applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries.

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