scholarly journals Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Arabic-Speaking Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Badran ◽  
Ismail Laher
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
High Calorie

The global epidemic of diabetes has not spared the Arabic-speaking countries, which have some of the highest prevalence of type II diabetes. This is particularly true of the Arab Gulf, a conglomerate of high income, oil-producing countries where prevalence rates are the highest. The prevalence rates among adults of the Arabic speaking countries as a whole range between 4%–21%, with the lowest being in Somalia and the highest in Kuwait. As economic growth has accelerated, so has the movement of the populations to urban centers where people are more likely to adopt lifestyles that embrace increased high-calorie food consumption and sedentary lifestyles. These factors likely contribute to the increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes in the Arabic speaking countries.

Role of Cellular Senescence in Type II Diabetes

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akilavalli Narasimhan ◽  
Rafael R Flores ◽  
Paul D Robbins ◽  
Laura J Niedernhofer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
A Cell

Abstract Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent cells release a myriad of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors that directly mediate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, which promote the onset of type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, hyperglycemia and metabolic changes seen in diabetes promote cellular senescence. Diabetes-induced cellular senescence contributes to various diabetic complications. Thus, T2D is both a cause and consequence of cellular senescence. This review summarizes recent studies on the link between aging, obesity, and diabetes, focusing on the role of cellular senescence in disease processes.

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