scholarly journals Nectarine Fruit Ripening and Quality Assessed Using the Index of Absorbance Difference (IAD)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bonora ◽  
D. Stefanelli ◽  
G. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Training System ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Absorbance Difference

Consistency of fruit quality is extremely important in horticulture. Fruit growth and quality in nectarine are affected by fruit position in the canopy, related to the tree shape. The “open shaped” training systems, such as Tatura Trellis, improve fruit growth and quality. The Index of Absorbance Difference (IAD) is a new marker that characterizes climacteric fruit during ripening. A study on fruit ripening was performed by using theIADon nectarine to monitor fruit maturity stages of two cultivars trained as Tatura Trellis in Victoria, Australia. Fruit of cv “Summer Flare 34” (“SF34”) grown in different positions on the tree showed high ripening homogeneity. Fruit harvested at a similar ripening stage showed fruit firmness and soluble solid content homogeneity. Fruits from hand-thinned variety “Summer Flare 26” (“SF26”) were larger in size, had advanced ripening, and showed greater homogeneity. For “SF26”, a weak correlation betweenIADand SSC was observed. The experiment showed that the Tatura Trellis training system is characterized by high homogeneity of nectarine fruit when coupled with a proper management of fruit density. It also confirmed that theIADcould be used as new nondestructive maturity index for nectarine fruit quality assessment in the field.

YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SOME PLUM CULTIVARSIN ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Mădălina Butac ◽  
Mihai Chivu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Fruit Growing

The aim of this study was to assess the yield and fruits quality of plum produced in ecological system.In 2019-2020 periods the influence of different fertilizers (Biohumus, Macys BC 28 and Cifamin BK) on yield and fruits quality at three plum cultivars (‘Centenar’, ‘Tita’ and ‘Stanley’) was carried out in a demonstrative plot from Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitești, Romania. Biohumus was applied to the soil in increasing dosesfrom 0.5 l/tree (respectively 415 l/ha), 0.7 l/tree (respectively 585 l/ha) to 0.9 l / tree (respectively 750 l/ha) in two moments: in spring before the start of vegetation and in autumn after the fall of the leaves.Macys BC 28 and Cifamin BK fertilizers were applied foliar in doses of 2 l/ha, respectively 1 l/ha, in two moments: after flowering and in the young fruit phase.As results of the investigations we found that: the highest fruit yield was obtained at ‘Centenar’ (47.36 kg/tree) and ‘Stanley’ (41.00 kg/tree) cultivars in fertilization variant 3 (Biohumus – 0,9 l/tree, soil application + Macys BC 28 – 2 l/ha, foliar application + Cifamin BK – 1 l/ha, foliar application);the best results regarding the fruits weight were also obtained in the 3rd fertilization variant (Biohumus – 0,9 l/tree, soil application + Macys BC 28 – 2 l/ha, foliar application + Cifamin BK – 1 l/ha, foliar application), among the varieties being noted the ‘Tita’cv. with an average fruit weight of 59. 14 g; the fruits soluble solid content was higher in the case of the fertilized variants than in the unfertilized variant and the fruits aciditywas higher in the case of the unfertilized variant than in the fertilized variants.

scholarly journals The NAC transcription factor ClNAC68 positively regulates sugar content and seed development in watermelon by repressing ClINV and ClGH3.6

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinfang Wang ◽  
Yanping Wang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yi Ren ◽  
Maoying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Repression Domain

AbstractNAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) transcription factors play important roles in fruit ripening and quality. The watermelon genome encodes 80 NAC genes, and 21 of these NAC genes are highly expressed in both the flesh and vascular tissues. Among these genes, ClNAC68 expression was significantly higher in flesh than in rind. However, the intrinsic regulatory mechanism of ClNAC68 in fruit ripening and quality is still unknown. In this study, we found that ClNAC68 is a transcriptional repressor and that the repression domain is located in the C-terminus. Knockout of ClNAC68 by the CRISPR-Cas9 system decreased the soluble solid content and sucrose accumulation in mutant flesh. Development was delayed, germination was inhibited, and the IAA content was significantly decreased in mutant seeds. Transcriptome analysis showed that the invertase gene ClINV was the only gene involved in sucrose metabolism that was upregulated in mutant flesh, and expression of the indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase gene ClGH3.6 in the IAA signaling pathway was also induced in mutant seeds. EMSA and dual-luciferase assays showed that ClNAC68 directly bound to the promoters of ClINV and ClGH3.6 to repress their expression. These results indicated that ClNAC68 positively regulated sugar and IAA accumulation by repressing ClINV and ClGH3.6. Our findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms by which NAC transcription factors affect fruit quality and seed development.

scholarly journals Fruit Quality and Phytochemical Attributes of Some Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Cultivars as Affected by Genotypes and Seasons

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan CALISKAN ◽  
Safder BAYAZIT ◽  
Ahmet SUMBUL
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Soluble Solid

This study was conducted over two growing seasons (2010 and 2011) to evaluate effects on fruit quality and phytochemical properties of new Turkish cultivars, hybrid between Irano-Caucasian- and European eco-geographic groups, and some important apricot cultivars in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Fruit quality characteristics, sensory traits, and phytochemical parameters were investigated. The data showed that considerable variation existed in fruit quality and phytochemical properties of Turkish, and foreign apricot cultivars based on genotypes and growing seasons. The new hybrid cultivar ‘Çağataybey’ contained the highest total soluble solid content (14.6%), rich total phenolic (93.9 mg GAE 100g-1 fw), and total antioxidant capacity levels (9.8 mmol Fe2+ kg-1 fw), and >50% of blush color on the fruit peels among the cultivars. The fructose and sucrose values showed positively significant correlations with total phenolics (r = 0.55 and r = 0.69, at p< 0.05, respectively). The authors had estimated that the data will be useful for breeding studies to improve fruit quality and nutritional contents of apricot cultivars.

scholarly journals Actinidia (Mini Kiwi) Fruit Quality in Relation to Summer Cutting

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Monika Figiel-Kroczyńska ◽  
Ireneusz Ochmian ◽  
Sabina Lachowicz ◽  
Marcelina Krupa-Małkiewicz ◽  
Jacek Wróbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Kiwi Fruit ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Moderate Climate

Recently, there has been a trend towards healthy food. Consumers are looking for products that have health-promoting properties in addition to their taste. Actinidia fruit, apart from being tasty, contains valuable macro and micronutrients, vitamins, polyphenols and pectins. Tested cultivar Sientiabrskaja belong to Actinidia arguta and cultivars Geneva, Issai and Ken’s Red to A. kolomitka. They well tolerate conditions of moderate climate with negative temperatures in winter. To improve fruit quality, an additional summer pruning of the plants was performed at the time of ripening. After the second additional cutting of Actinidia shoots, an increase in the content of N, P and K in fruit was observed. The additional pruning also had a beneficial effect on the change in fruit color. The fruits were darker, especially in the cultivars Geneva and Ken’s Red. This is related to the ripening of fruit and an increase in anthocyanin content. Additional summer pruning caused changes in the polyphenol content-the amount of phenolic acid and flavan-3 ols decreased, while the level of anthocyanins increased. The antioxidant capacity also increased as well as fruit size, dry matter, pectin and Soluble Solid Content (SSC) content. The acidity of the fruit also decreased which positively affects the taste of the fruit. The highest content of polyphenols and L-ascorbic acid was found in ‘Sientiabrskaja’ fruit; but the highest antioxidant activity (determined Free Radical Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl-DPPH•, ABTS•+ and Ferric Antioxidant Power-FRAP) was found in fruit with red skin coloring and anthocyanins-‘Issai’ and ‘Ken’s Red’.

scholarly journals Vertical Distribution of Crop Load and Fruit Quality within Vase- and Y-shaped Canopies of `Elegant Lady' Peach

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Farina ◽  
Riccardo Lo Bianco ◽  
Paolo Inglese
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Peach Trees

Canopy shape and depth may influence crop uniformity of peach trees at harvest. To test this hypothesis we examined yield distribution and fruit quality changes at different canopy levels of peach trees trained to delayed vase (DV) and perpendicular Y (Y). Trees of both training forms were divided vertically into six or seven 50-cm-deep layers and fruit was harvested at commercial ripening from each layer separately. Regardless of training form, number of fruit and yield per layer were highest in the central part of the canopy, but more evenly distributed among canopy layers in Y trees. In DV trees, fruit weight decreased linearly from top to bottom, whereas it remained constant along the top and middle portion of Y canopies to decrease rapidly at the bottom. In DV trees, 83% of the fruit fell into AAA, AA and A size categories, whereas fruit of Y trees was more evenly distributed among all size categories. Hue of fruit peel color increased linearly with distance from canopy top in both training forms, but more sharply in DV trees. Fruit soluble solid content decreased linearly from canopy top to bottom, regardless of training form. A more uniform crop load distribution within the canopy in combination with a light penetration gradient resulted in greater variability of quality parameters for Y than DV trees.

scholarly journals Rain Protective Covering of Sweet Cherry Trees—Effects of Different Covering Methods on Fruit Quality and Microclimate

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Børve ◽  
E. Skaar ◽  
L. Sekse ◽  
M. Meland ◽  
E. Vangdal
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Covering Methods ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Three different rain protective covering methods for sweet cherry (Prunus avium) trees were tested with uncovered trees as control. The covers were a pitched cover mounted permanently, a similar cover mounted only when raining, and a permanent umbrella type enveloping the top and sides of single trees. Covers were mounted 3 weeks before and throughout the harvest period in two seasons with different weather conditions. All three covering methods increased the amount of marketable fruit from 54% on uncovered to 89% on covered trees in mean of 2 years. Fruit from umbrella covered trees had lower soluble solid content, lower juice color and lower ripeness compared with fruit from all other trees, reflecting the different microclimate in these trees such as frequently higher maximum temperatures and greater vapor pressure. The two pitched covers produced no significant changes in microclimate or internal fruit quality compared with uncovered trees.

scholarly journals YIELDING AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SELECTED SWEET CHERRY (Prunus avium) CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL POLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpadzik ◽  
Tomasz Krupa ◽  
Wojciech Niemiec ◽  
Ewa Jadczuk-Tobjasz
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Soluble Solid

The study involving 5 cherry cultivars was conducted in 2015–2016. The varieties ‘Techlovan’, ‘Summit’, ‘Sylvia’, ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’ were planted in 2010 in the Experimental Orchard of the Department of Pomology in Warsaw-Wilanów on GiSelA5 rootstock. The aim of the study was to evaluate the production value and dessert fruit quality as well as health proprieties of the tested cultivars’ fruits and select the most valuable ones. It was shown that the varieties differed in fruit set and yielding as well as fruit quality (i.e. fruit size, firmness, soluble solid content, acidity) and health benefits (i.e. polyphenol, anthocyanin, and ascorbic acid content). ‘Techlovan’ trees had the lowest yield, but their fruits were of high quality. ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’ also provided high quality fruit with high total polyphenol content. In contrast, the ‘Sylvia’ cultivar had a high yield, but the fruit obtained from it was of poor quality. All tested cultivars had similar vitamin C content.

scholarly journals Optimal fertigation for high yield and fruit quality of greenhouse strawberry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Yong ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Li Minzan ◽  
Zhang Man ◽  
Sun Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Effect On Yield

AbstractNitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and water are four crucial factors that have significant effects on strawberry yield and fruit quality. A quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination experiment that involved 36 treatments with five levels of the four variables (N, P, and K fertilizers and water) was executed to optimize the fertilization and water combination for high yield and quality. SSC/TA ratio (the ratio of soluble solid content to titratable acid) was selected as the index of quality. Results showed that the N fertilizer was the most important factor, followed by water and P fertilizer, and the N fertilizer had a significant effect on yield and SSC/TA ratio. By contrast, the K fertilizer had a significant effect only on yield. N×K fertilizer interaction had a significant effect on yield, whereas the other interactions among the four factors had no significant effects on yield and SSC/TA ratio. The effects of the four factors on the yield and SSC/TA ratio were ranked as N fertilizer > water > K fertilizer > P fertilizer and N fertilizer > P fertilizer > water > K fertilizer, respectively. The yield and SSC/TA ratio increased and then decreased when NPK fertilizer and water increased. The optimal fertilizer and water combination was 22.28–24.61 g/plant Ca (NO3)2⋅4H2O, 1.75–2.03 g/plant NaH2PO4, 12.41–13.91 g/plant K2SO4, and 12.00– 13.05 L/plant water for yields of more than 110 g/plant and optimal SSC/TA ratio of 8.5–14.

scholarly journals Pomological properties of promising raspberry seedlings with yellow fruit

Genetika ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Mihailo Nikolic ◽  
Aleksandar Radovic ◽  
Milica Fotiric ◽  
Jasminka Milivojevic ◽  
Dragan Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Standard Cultivar

From over a 100 seedlings obtained by open pollination of Meeker's yellow raspberry clone, 10 seedlings with yellow fruit were selected at the Experimental Station 'Radmilovac' of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade. Phenological characteristics, as well as physical, chemical and sensorial fruit properties were investigated during the period 2007-2008 in selected seedlings and standard cultivar Meeker. Results showed that all examined seedlings expressed later flowering and maturing time than the standard cultivar. The best results of physical fruit properties had the standard cultivar, whereas for the majority of the chemical fruit characteristics selected seedlings showed much better results. Seedling 5 had the highest soluble solid content (15.3 %), while the highest vitamin C content was recorded in the fruits of seedlings 9 (51.04 mg/100g), 10 (51.92 mg/100g), and 17 (50.16 mg/100g). The highest values of the sensorial fruit quality achieved seedling 17 (18.9).

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