scholarly journals Maternal Thyroid Dysfunction and Neonatal Thyroid Problems

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hulya Ozdemir ◽  
Ipek Akman ◽  
Senay Coskun ◽  
Utku Demirel ◽  
Serap Turan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Neonatal Thyroid Screening ◽  
Tsh Levels

Aim.To investigate obstetric features of pregnant women with thyroid disorders and thyroid function tests of their newborn infants.Methods.Women with hypothyroidism and having anti-thyroglobulin (ATG) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies were assigned as group I, women with hypothyroidism who did not have autoantibodies were assigned as group II, and women without thyroid problems were assigned as group III.Results.Pregnant women with autoimmune hypothyroidism (group I) had more preterm delivery and their babies needed more frequent neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. In group I, one infant was diagnosed with compensated hypothyroidism and one infant had transient hyperthyrotropinemia. Five infants (23.8%) in group II had thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels >20 mIU/mL. Only two of them had TSH level >7 mIU/L at the 3rd postnatal week, and all had normal free T4 (FT4). Median maternal TSH level of these five infants with TSH >20 mIU/mL was 6.6 mIU/mL. In group III, six infants (6.5%) had TSH levels above >20 mIU/mL at the 1st postnatal week.Conclusion.Infants of mothers with thyroid problems are more likely to have elevated TSH and higher recall rate on neonatal thyroid screening. Women with thyroid disorders and their newborn infants should be followed closely for both obstetrical problems and for thyroid dysfunction.

Safety and Efficacy of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Pregnant Women at Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Prospective Stratified Multicentre Trial.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 715-715
Author(s):  
Rupert M. Bauersachs ◽  
Joachim Dudenhausen ◽  
Andree Faridi ◽  
Thorsten Fischer ◽  
Samson Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
At Deficiency ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Heparin Prophylaxis

Abstract Women with a history of VTE, thrombophilia or both are at increased risk for VTE during pregnancy, but the optimal management strategy, and the need for thromboprophylaxis is not well defined in clinical guidelines because of limited trial data. The EThIG (Efficacy of Thromboprophylaxis as an Intervention during Gravidity) is a multicenter trial that prospectively enrolled 810 pregnant women at risk of VTE. Women were assigned to one of 3 management strategies: Low risk group I (including women with prior secondary VTE, or asymptomatic thrombophilia) with “watchful waiting” management, and dalteparin prophylaxis postpartum (50–100 IU/kg), or earlier if additional risk factors occurred; high risk group II (e.g. idiopathic VTE or symptomatic thrombophilia) receiving 50–100 IU/kg dalteparin; and very high-risk group III (e.g. acute VTE, prior long-term OAC, symptomatic AT-deficiency or antiphospholipid syndrome), receiving 100–200 IU/kg dalteparin. Primary efficacy outcome measure was symptomatic VTE, main safety outcome measures were haemorrhages, osteoporosis, thromboctopenia and pregnancy outcome. Results (mean ± SD / 95% CI): 810 women (age 30.8±5.4 years, weight 73.6±16.1kg) were enrolled, 28 % in group I, 58 % in II and 14% in III, including 66 women with acute VTE. 60.1% had prior VTE, 75.4% had thrombophilia (42.1 % FV-Leiden, 2.1 % homozygous, 9.5 % FII G20210A, 4.1% PC-, 1 % AT-deficiency; 17.4 % APS). 35.8 % had previous miscarriage, still birth or physical malformation. Comorbid conditions included lupus erythematosus, liver transplantation, ventricular septum defect, paraplegia, hepatitis C, nephrotic syndrome, asthma, chronic haemolytic anaemia, thalassaemia, osteoporosis and thrombocytopaenia. Median treatment initiation was at 17.0 weeks, at 24.0 weeks in group I, 14.5 weeks in group II and 16.0 weeks for group III. Mean daily dose was 66.2 ± 22.5 IU per kg (group I), 76.8 ± 24.1 IU per kg (group II) and 120.0 ± 49.1 IU per kg (group III). Objectively confirmed, symptomatic VTE occurred in 5 of 810 women (0.6%;0.2–1.5%). The rate of serious bleeding was 3.0% (1.9–4.4%), 0.9% (0.3–1.8%) occurred in the antepartum period, 2.1% (1.3–3.4%) peri-partum;1.1% (0.5–2.2%) was possibly heparin-related. There was no evidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and one case of osteoporosis (fracture of the saccygous bone during delivery). There were 94.4% successful pregnancies, 40 foetuses (4.9%; 3.6–6.7%) were lost due to miscarriage, 7 due to elective termination. Risk-stratified heparin prophylaxis was associated with a low incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism and few clinically important adverse events. Antepartum heparin prophylaxis is warranted in pregnant women with prior idiopathic thrombosis or symptomatic thrombophilia.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal BMI on labor outcomes in primigravida pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eissa Khalifa ◽  
Alaa El-Sateh ◽  
Mohamed Zeeneldin ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelghany ◽  
Mahmoud Hosni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Group I ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Labor Outcomes

Abstract Background This study aims to detect the effects of increased BMI on labor outcomes in primigravida pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study involved 600 full-term singleton primigravida pregnant women who presented in the active phase of labor to the labor ward. They were divided according to BMI into three equals groups; women with normal BMI (group I), overweight women (group II), and women with class I obesity (group III). Results We found that high BMI was associated with a significantly increased risk of Caesarean section (C.S.) (13% in group I, 18% in group II and 40% in group III). Women with higher BMI and delivered vaginally had a significantly prolonged first and second stage of labor, consequently increased the need for oxytocin augmentation as well as the oxytocin dose. Regarding the maternal and fetal outcomes, there are significantly increased risks of postpartum sepsis, perineal tears, wound infection, as well as significantly increased birth weight and longer neonatal stay in the neonatal unit (NNU). Conclusion Obese primigravida pregnant women were at higher risk of suboptimal outcomes. Besides, prolonged first and second stages of labor and the incidence of C.S. have also been increased.

scholarly journals THYROID FUNCTION IN PREGNANCY: MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOMES WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM AND SUBCLINICAL THYROID DYSFUNCTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-187
Author(s):  
NEIL K VANES ◽  
JOHN H LAZARUS ◽  
SHIAO-Y CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Maternal Wellbeing ◽  
In Pregnancy

Thyroid hormones are important in the development of the fetus and the placenta as well as in maintaining maternal wellbeing. Thyroid disorders are common in the population as a whole, particularly in women, and therefore are common during pregnancy and the puerperium. Biochemical derangement of thyroid function tests are present in approximately 2.5–5% of pregnant women.

scholarly journals Routine screening of antenatal population for thyroid disorders-mandatory

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2834
Author(s):  
Kaliki Hymavathi ◽  
Malini Devi Gottipati ◽  
Tejaswini Jakka ◽  
Bhavana T. C.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Routine Screening ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Successful Pregnancy

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is commonly seen in pregnant women causing adverse maternal and fetal effects. Routine screening of antenatal population for the same will be helpful for successful pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study is to detect and treat antenatal women with Thyroid dysfunction to avoid deleterious maternal/ fetal effects.Methods: The present study is a hospital based prospective study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Narayana Medical College and Hospital(NMCH), Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. 1000 pregnant women were randomly recruited into this study. Apart from routine antenatal investigations, Thyroid function tests (TFT) - Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), freeT4 (fT4) and Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO Ab) are done for all the recruited women at the first visit of antenatal booking and individual Thyroid tests are repeated as required.Results: Following the TFT the study population is classified into pregnancies with euthyroidism‚ subclinical/ overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of Thyroid disorders in present study was 12.7% of which hypothyroidism noted in 10.3% (subclinical 6.9% and overt 3.4%) while hyperthyroidism seen in 2.4% (subclinical 1.8% and overt 0.6%). The various pregnancy complications, labour and neonatal outcomes have been analyzed.Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy affects the health of the mother as well as the baby. Screening for Thyroid dysfunction should be performed as part of the routine antenatal work-up for successful pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Detection of Immunoglobulin M Antibodies to P35 Antigen of Toxoplasma gondii for Serodiagnosis of Recently Acquired Infection in Pregnant Women

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 3967-3970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Suzuki ◽  
Raymund Ramirez ◽  
Cindy Press ◽  
Shuli Li ◽  
Stephen Parmley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Group I ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Group Ii

We examined the efficiency of detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to a 35-kDa antigen (P35) of Toxoplasma gondiifor serodiagnosis of acute infection in pregnant women. A double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with recombinant P35 antigen (P35-IgM-ELISA) was used for this purpose. On the basis of the clinical history and the combination of results from the toxoplasma serological profile (Sabin-Feldman dye test, conventional IgM and IgA ELISAs, and the differential agglutination test), the patients were classified into three groups: group I, status suggestive of recently acquired infection; group II, status suggestive of infection acquired in the distant past; group III, status suggestive of persisting IgM antibodies. Eighteen (90.0%) of 20 serum samples from group I patients were positive by the P35-IgM-ELISA, whereas none of the 33 serum samples from group II patients were positive. Only 4 (25.0%) of 16 serum samples from group III patients were positive by the P35-IgM-ELISA, whereas all these serum samples were positive by the conventional IgM ELISA. These results indicate that demonstration of IgM antibodies against P35 by the P35-IgM-ELISA is more specific for the acute stage of the infection than demonstration of IgM antibodies by the ELISA that uses a whole-lysate antigen preparation. Studies with sera obtained from four pregnant women who seroconverted (IgG and IgM antibodies) during pregnancy revealed that two of them became negative by the P35-IgM-ELISA between 4 and 6 months after seroconversion, whereas the conventional IgM ELISA titers remained highly positive. The P35-IgM-ELISA appears to be useful for differentiating recently acquired infection from those acquired in the distant past in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and safety of subunit influenza vaccines in pregnant women

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 00060-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail P. Kostinov ◽  
Alexander P. Cherdantsev ◽  
Nelli K. Akhmatova ◽  
Daria A. Praulova ◽  
Aristitsa M. Kostinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
High Level ◽  
Virus Strains

Pregnancy is a condition of modulated immune suppression, so this group of patients has increased risk of infectious diseases.Trivalent subunit vaccines, unadjusted Agrippal S1 (group I) and immunoadjuvant Grippol Plus (group II), containing 5 μg of actual influenza virus strains, were administered respectively to 37 and 42 women in the second and third trimester of physiological pregnancy.The administration of subunit influenza vaccines was accompanied by the development of local reactions in no more than 10% of patients, compared with 4.9% of the 41 pregnant women in the placebo group (group III). Systemic reactions were of a general somatic nature, did not differ between vaccinated and placebo groups, and were not associated with vaccination. Physiological births in groups I, II and III were 94.6%, 92.9% and 85.4%, respectively, and the birth rates of children without pathologies were 91.9%, 90.5% and 80.5%, respectively, and were comparable between groups. Vaccination stimulated the production of protective antibodies against influenza virus strains in 64.8–94.5% of patients after immunisation with an unadjusted vaccine and in 72.5–90.0% of patients after the administration of an immunoadjuvant vaccine. After 9 months, antibody levels were recorded in 51.3–72.9% in group I and 54.2–74.2% in group II. Immunisation against influenza in pregnant women provided a high level of seroprotection and seroconversion. Nevertheless, the level of seroprotection against the influenza strain A(H3N2, Victoria) was slightly lower in the group immunised with an unadjusted vaccine compared to those vaccinated with the immunoadjuvant vaccine.

STUDIES OF RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY IN NEWBORN INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Miller ◽  
Ned W. Smull
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Respiratory Insufficiency ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Serial Measurements

Serial measurements have been made of the resting tidal and minute volumes and respiratory rates on 40 premature infants during the first 2 weeks after birth. The 40 infants were divided into three groups according to the trend of their respiratory rates. Infants whose respiratory rates were normal from birth (Group I) had the highest mean resting tidal volumes during the first 2 weeks. Mean resting tidal volumes were significantly lower throughout the first week among infants whose respiratory rates were initially high during the first hour and subsequently declined to normal (Group II) and among infants whose respiratory rates significantly increased after the first hour (Group III). Infants in Group III had the lowest tidal volumes and the most severe degrees of respiratory insufficiency. The mean resting tidal volume among infants in Group III was less at the end of the first week than that of infants in Group I at the end of the first day. Although tidal volumes in infants in Group II were in general much lower than normal the first few days after birth, exceptions to this rule may occasionally be encountered. Although all three groups showed an increase in mean tidal volumes of about 25% at the end of 24 hours over the volumes obtained during the first 3 hours after birth, the respiratory rates were different. In Group I the increase in tidal volume was accompanied by no significant change in respiratory rate; in Group II, by a significant decrease in respiratory rate; in Group III, by a significant increase in respiratory arte. During the second day Group III showed clinical improvement accompanied by a significant decrease in mean respiratory rate but not by any significant increase in mean tidal volume. Fluctuations in mean minute volumes in Groups II and III on the first 2 days were largely dependent on changes in respiratory rates.

scholarly journals Adolescent Pregnancy’s Ongoing Effects on the Depression and Anxiety Scores in Subsequent Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esengul Turkyilmaz ◽  
Selma Tural Hesapcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Adolescent Mother ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Pregnancy History ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Child/adolescent 'marriages' and following pregnancies have adverse effects both on the child and adolescent mother.<br />The aim of this study is to detect whether the adult pregnant women who have previous adolescent pregnancy more susceptible to the depression and anxiety than current adolescent pregnants and the adult pregnant women who have no adolescent pregnancy history. </p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> This cross sectional study evaluated a total of 163 pregnant women who attended to our antenatal clinic. Subjects aged between 16 and 43 years including both adolescent and adult pregnant women were divided into three groups. These groups are current adolescent pregnant women (Group I), adult pregnant women who have adolescent pregnancy history (Group II), adult pregnant women who have no adolescent pregnancy history (Group III). Three groups were compared in terms of the pregnancy status, socio-demographic variables and depression-anxiety scores.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> In the current study the highest depression and anxiety scores were observed in Group II [depression scores’ median (IQR) values respectively 5 (8.5) points for Group I, 12.5 (8.5) for Group II, 9 (12) for Group III (p&lt;0.001 between Group I and Group II for BDI comparison). Anxiety scores’ median (IQR) values respectively 19.5 (15.5) for group II, 9 (15.5) for group I, 14 (15.25) for Group III (p=0.005 between Group I and Group II for BAI comparison). </p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Marriage and pregnancy at an early age are considered as risk factors for psychiatric morbidity in the next pregnancy. Therefore, women with a history of teenage pregnancy should be carefully monitored for depression and anxiety symptoms.</p>

THE CONCENTRATION OF LEAD IN PLASMA, WHOLE BLOOD AND ERYTHROCYTES OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-797
Author(s):  
Morton J. Robinson ◽  
Felix E. Karpinski ◽  
Heinrich Brieger
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Ii

The concentration of lead in the blood of 103 infants and children without history of pica or lead poisoning, ranging in age from 5 hours to 13 years, was studied. The children were divided into three groups according to age: Group I, 5 hours to 6 months of age; Group II, 6.1 months to 4 years of age; Group III, older than 4 years. The values obtained in Group I were significantly lower than those obtained in Groups II and III. Groups II and III showed approximately the same content of lead in whole blood and erythrocytes. The median values in Group I were 0.015 mg/ 100 ml of whole blood and 0.034 mg/100 ml of erythrocytes. In the combined Groups II and III median values in whole blood were 0.027 mg/100 ml, and in erythrocytes 0.065 mg/100 ml. The range in Group I was 0.005-0.031 mg/100 ml of whole blood and 0.010-0.090 mg/100 ml of erythrocytes. In the two groups more than 6 months of age, the range for whole blood was found to be 0.003-0.054 mg/100 ml, and for erythrocytes 0.003-0.144 mg/100 ml; 90% of the values were between 0.015 and 0.040 mg/100 ml (whole blood), and between 0.028 and 0.103 mg/100 ml (erythrocytes). Significant amounts of bead were found in the whole blood (0.007-0.028 mg/100 ml), and erythrocytes (0.010-0.044 mg/100 ml) of newborn infants.

scholarly journals Quality of life indicators in pregnant women with a history of different types of infertility

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
L.E. Tumanova ◽  
◽  
E.V. Kolomiets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Quality Of Life Indicators ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Ii

Purpose — to study the indicators of quality of life in pregnant women with a history of different types of infertility. Materials and methods. The study of quality of life indicators was carried out in 127 women aged 20 to 49 years, 97 of whom had a history of infertility of various origins and 30 pregnant women who had it. The distribution of pregnant women into groups was based on the factor of infertility: Group I — 35 pregnant women with a history of endocrine infertility, Group II — 37 pregnant women with a history of inflammatory infertility, Group III — 25 pregnant women with a history of combined infertility of inflammatory genesis with endocrine, Group IV (control) — 30 healthy pregnant women who did not have a history of infertility. The method of assessing quality of life was the WHOQOL-BREF Short Questionnaire. Results. The indicators of quality of life and general health, according to the subjective assessment of the patients, were the lowest in group III — 2.5±0.10 points and 2.1±0.05 points. In group I patients, the score was 3.1±0.15 points and 3.2±0.20 points and in group II — 3.2±0.10 points and 3.3±0.07 points, respectively. It should be noted that the most positive assessment of these indicators took place in the control group of pregnant women — 5.0±0.3 points. Thus, the physical functioning was assessed by the patients of group III at 16.7±1.1 points, and self+perception — at 20.5±1.6 points. A patient of groups I and II with a history of infertility assessed these indicators — 18.2±1.3 points; 23.4±1.5 points and 19.5±1.4 points; 22.6±1.6 points, respectively. The women in the control group had higher scores — 24.7±1.8 points; 25.7±1.7 points. Microsocial support in groups I, II, III was assessed 8.2±0.3 points; 9.3±0.5 points; 7.7±0.2 points, but in the control group — 13.7±0.1 points. The indicators of social well+being were 22.4±1.8 points; 23.5±1.9 points; 20.6±1.5 in groups I, II, III, and in the control group — 36.4±2.1 points. Conclusions. In women who became pregnant after long-term treatment of infertility in anamnesis, there was a significant deterioration in quality of life indicators compared with healthy women, which is explained by the high incidence of obstetric complications in them. Determination of quality of life indicators in women with a history of infertility is an integral part of monitoring during pregnancy, which allows adequate assessment and timely correction of physical, social and psycho-emotional functions in the interests of the mother and the fetus. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: short WHO questionnaire, quality of life assessment, pregnancy after infertility.

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