scholarly journals Development of a Controlled Release of Salicylic Acid Loaded Stearic Acid-Oleic Acid Nanoparticles in Cream for Topical Delivery

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Woo ◽  
M. Misran ◽  
P. F. Lee ◽  
L. P. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Lipid nanoparticles are colloidal carrier systems that have extensively been investigated for controlled drug delivery, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. In this work, a cost effective stearic acid-oleic acid nanoparticles (SONs) with high loading of salicylic acid, was prepared by melt emulsification method combined with ultrasonication technique. The physicochemical properties, thermal analysis and encapsulation efficiency of SONs were studied. TEM micrographs revealed that incorporation of oleic acid induces the formation of elongated spherical particles. This observation is in agreement with particle size analysis which also showed that the mean particle size of SONs varied with the amount of OA in the mixture but with no effect on their zeta potential values. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the SONs prepared in this method have lower crystallinity as compared to pure stearic acid. Different amount of oleic acid incorporated gave different degree of perturbation to the crystalline matrix of SONs and hence resulted in lower degrees of crystallinity, thereby improving their encapsulation efficiencies. The optimized SON was further incorporated in cream and itsin vitrorelease study showed a gradual release for 24 hours, denoting the incorporation of salicylic acid in solid matrix of SON and prolonging thein vitrorelease.

Formulation, Characterization and In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation of Capecitabine Loaded Niosomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Parth Patel ◽  
Tejas Barot ◽  
Pratik Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Transmission Electron

Background: Nanocarriers improve the efficacy of drugs by facilitating their specific delivery and protecting them from external environment resulting in a better performance against diseases. Objective: In this study, it was aimed to improve the efficacy of capecitabine against colorectal cancer by its entrapment in niosomes. Ether injection method was used to prepare niosomes composed of span 20 and cholesterol. Methods: Niosomes were evaluated by evaluating the entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release and cytotoxicity of capecitabine loaded niosomes. Niosomes were characterized by particle size analysis, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry for surface morphology and drug excipient interactions. Results: High encapsulation efficiency (90.55%) was observed, which is anticipated to resolve the multi-drug resistance problem. Reported particle size was 180.9 + 5 nm with a negative zeta potential - 21 + 0.5 mV and the kinetic study showed a concentration-dependent release of the drug from the niosome. DSC study proved entrapment of the entire drug and its non-covalent bonding with the excipients. Cytotoxicity study of niosomes on CaCO2 cell line showed an improved IC>50 value as compared to the free drug. Conclusion: Enhanced cytotoxicity observed in the results further supports the suitability of niosome as a nanocarrier for pharmaceutical drug delivery.

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyimide/Silica Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Jian Li Cheng ◽  
Cun Zhou ◽  
Hao Peng ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Amic Acid ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Silica Nanocomposites ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Size Of Particles

Two kind of polyimide/silica nanocomposites which were recorded poly(amic acid)/ silica(PAA/SiO2) and SiO2in poly(amic acid) ammonium salt(PAS/SiO2) respectively, have been prepared for different methods. The size of SiO2in PAA/SiO2and PAS/SiO2are measured by Particle size analysis and the average particle size are 377nm and 53.7nm. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) images of PAS/ SiO2confirm that the size of particles are ranged from 40 to 80nm. The stuctures of samples have been characterized by FT-IR spectra. The thermal stability of PAA/SiO2and PAS/SiO2are studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the thermal behaviors were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in this paper. It is shown that PAA/SiO2have slightly better thermal properties than that of PAS/SiO2. The results obtained from Instron universal strength tester present the water-solube PAS/SiO2own the excellent mechanical prperties as same as PAA/SiO2.

Synthesis and Characterization Investigations of Laboratory-Synthesized VB-VB2-V3B4 Reinforced Al-7wt.% Si Composites via Mechanical Alloying and Pressureless Sintering

2017 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Sıddıka Mertdinç ◽  
Emre Tekoğlu ◽  
Hasan Gökçe ◽  
Duygu Ağaoğulları ◽  
M. Lütfi Öveçoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Sintered Sample ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

In this study, the effect of mechanical alloying (MA) on the microstructural, mechanical and physical properties of vanadium boride particulate reinforced Al-7 wt. % Si matrix composites were investigated. VB-VB2-V3B4 containing vanadium boride hybrid powders were mechanochemically synthesized for 5 h from the V2O5-B2O3-Mg powder blends and leached with hydrochloric acid (HCl) for purification. Laboratory-synthesized VB-VB2-V3B4 powders were incorporated into the Al-7wt. % Si matrix powders with the amount of 2 wt.% via MA for 4h in a SpexTM Mixer/Mill using hardened steel vial/balls with a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 7/1. After the MA process, phase analysis (X-ray diffraction), particle size analysis (laser particle size measurement), surface area analysis (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurement) and microstructural characterization (scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph) and thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) of the non-milled/milled Al-7 wt.% Si-2wt.% (VB-VB2-V3B4) powders were conducted. As-blended and MA’d powders were compacted at a uniaxial hydraulic press to obtain cylindrical compacts with a diameter of 12 mm under a pressure of 400 MPa. Green bodies were sintered at 570°C for 2 h under Ar gas flowing conditions. Microstructural characterizations of the sintered samples were carried out using XRD and optical microscope (OM). Physical and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated in terms of density (Archimedes method), Vickers microhardness and wear rate. The microhardness and wear rate of the 4h of MA’d and sintered sample respectively increased to 0.865±0.256 GPa and 0.0036 mm3/N.m as compared with those of as-blended and sintered sample.

scholarly journals Study on characteristics, properties, and morphology of poly(lactic acid)/chitosan/hydroquinine green nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-423
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thu Trang ◽  
Tran Thi Mai ◽  
Nguyen Vu Giang ◽  
Tran Huu Trung ◽  
Do Van Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Coefficient ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Calibration Equation ◽  
Basic Particle ◽  
Fast Release

Abstract Poly(lactic acid)/chitosan (PLA/CS) green nanoparticles containing hydroquinine (Hq) were prepared by emulsion method. The content of Hq was 10–50 wt% compared with the weight total of PLA and CS. The characteristics of these nanoparticles were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and particle size analysis. The wavenumbers of C=O, C=N, OH, and CH3 groups in FTIR spectra of the PLA/CS/Hq (PCHq) nanoparticles shifted in comparision with neat PLA, CS, and Hq that proved the interaction between these components. The FESEM images and particle size analysis results showed that the basic particle size of PCHq nanoparticles ranged between 100 and 200 nm. The Hq released from PLA/CS nanoparticles in pH 2 and pH 7.4 solutions was determined by ultraviolet-visible method. The obtained results indicated that the linear regression coefficient of calibration equation of Hq in the above solutions approximates 1. The Hq release from the PCHq nanoparticles includes fast release for the eight first testing hours, and then, controlled slow release. The Hq released process was obeyed according to the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model.

scholarly journals Zeta-potential and Particle Size Analysis of Human Amelogenins

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Uskoković ◽  
Z. Castiglione ◽  
P. Cubas ◽  
L. Zhu ◽  
W. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Assembly ◽  
Ph Range

The developing enamel matrix is a highly dynamic system mainly composed of the full-length amelogenin and its proteolytic cleavage products. In this study, size, zeta-potential, and the isoelectric points of nanoparticles of the recombinant full-length human amelogenin (rH174) and two proteolytic products (rH163 and rH146) were analyzed by dynamic light-scattering and electrokinetic measurements. We tested the hypothesis that zeta-potential may be used as a control parameter in directing the self-assembly of amelogenins. Extensive aggregation of amelogenin molecules with the particle size reaching about one micron occurred at a mildly acidic to neutral pH, and coincided with the red shift of the internal fluorescence. Zeta-potential was between ± 15 mV in the same pH range, indicating that amelogenin aggregation occurred when surface potentials were minimal. This suggests that electrostatic interactions may be another crucial factor, aside from hydrophobic interaction, in the aggregation and hierarchical assembly of spherical particles of amelogenins into supramolecular structures of a higher order.

Wollastonite hybridizing stearic acid as thermal energy storage material

2014 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
pp. 1440011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Xu ◽  
Huaming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Vacuum Impregnation ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage Material

This paper reported on the preparation of a novel stearic acid (SA)/wollastonite (W) composite as a form-stable phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy-storage (TES) by vacuum impregnation, and especially investigated the effect of the size grade of W on the thermal properties of the SA/W composite. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser particle-size analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Natural W (Wr) was classified into four size grades by wet screening. The results indicate that no chemical reaction took place between SA and W, and the SA load in the SA/W composite increased with an increase in the length/diameter (L/D) ratio of the W. The SA/W composite with a W L/D ratio of 22.5 exhibited latent heats of melting and freezing of 58.64 J/g and 56.95 J/g, respectively, which was higher than those of the composite incorporating natural W. We believe that the as-prepared form-stable PCM composite could provide a potential means of TES for the concentrated solar power.

scholarly journals PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CELECOXIB LOADED NANOSPONGES FOR THE TREATMENT OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ravi ◽  
P. Subhash Chandra Bose ◽  
Valluru Ravi ◽  
Damineni Sarita
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Melting Technique ◽  
Low Solubility

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory joint disease which is one of the types of psoriasis. 25% of all psoriasis patients develop psoriatic arthritis. It is characterised with innate and adaptive immune responses. The main objective of the present work was to prepare characterization and evaluate the Celecoxib nanosponges for the treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) having low solubility and low bioavailability. In order to increase the solubility, this drug was incorporate in nanosponges by melting technique. The prepared formulation was evaluated for different parameters. SEM images confirm that the prepared formulation was spherical and porous in nature. Particle size analysis shows that as the cross-linker ratio increases, there is increase in the particle size of nanosponges. Particle size was in the size range of 201.69 nm. The in vitro studies were carried out for prepared nanosponges which showed drug release of 89.69% in 24 h. Keywords: Nanosponges, Psoriatic arthritis, NSAID, Drug release

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of Metronidazole Loaded Microsponges for the Management of Diabetic Foot

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 440-457
Author(s):  
Ponni Sujathan ◽  
Umesh Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Solvent Diffusion

The objective of present work was formulation and evaluation of Metronidazole loaded microsponges for the management of diabetic foot ulcer via topical application and to reduce side effects. The microsponges were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method using different concentrations of Ethyl cellulose and Poly vinyl alcohol. The prepared microsponges were evaluated for particle size analysis, SEM, % production yield, % drug entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release studies, DSC and antimicrobial studies. FTIR studies shown that there was no interaction between drug and polymers. The optimum sustained release of drug around a period of 12hrs was shown by formulation F8. The n value of optimized formulation indicated that the drug release followed zero order kinetics. It was confirmed from the stability studies that the optimized formulation remained stable at 45±2℃ and 70±5% relative humidity. Keywords: Microsponges, Metronidazole, Diabetic Foot, Quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion, Sustained release, Scanning electron microscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry.

scholarly journals Effect of Micro- and Nanomagnetite on Printing Toner Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ataeefard ◽  
Ebrahim Ghasemi ◽  
Mona Ebadi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Gradient Force ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Laser Scattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Electrophotographic Printing

Toner is a main component of electrophotographic printing and copying processes. One of the most important ingredients of toner is magnetite (Fe3O4) which provides the tribocharging property for toner particles. In this study, nano- and microparticles of Fe3O4were synthesized using the coprecipitation method and different amounts of lauric acid as a surfactant. The synthesized nano and micro Fe3O4was then used as the charge control agent to produce toner by emulsion aggregation. The Fe3O4and toner were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), atomic gradient force magnetometry (AGFM), dynamic laser scattering (DLS), particle size analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the optimum amount of surfactant not only reduced particle size but also reduced the magnetite properties of Fe3O4. It was found that the magnetite behavior of the toner is not similar to the Fe3O4used to produce it. Although small-sized Fe3O4created toner with a smaller size, toners made with micro Fe3O4showed better magnetite properties than toner made with nano Fe3O4.

scholarly journals PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLID DISPERSION FAMOTIDINE – MANNITOL BY CO-GRINDING METHOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Fitriani ◽  
Sherly Ramadhani ◽  
Erizal Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Physical Mixture ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grinding Method

ABSTRACTObjective: This study aims to prepare and characterize solid dispersion of famotidine using mannitol to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate.Methods: Solid dispersions were prepared by co-grinding method in 9 formulas. The ratio of famotidine and mannitol was varied (1:1, 1:2, 2:1 w/w),and each ratio was milled at three different times (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The physical mixture was also prepared as comparison at ratio 1:1 w/w.Solid dispersions were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis, solubility, and dissolution rate study. The assay of famotidine was doneusing a UV spectrophotometer.Results: The highest solubility of famotidine in solid dispersion was obtained in F2 (ratio 1:2 and grinding time 30 minutes). The solubility of intactfamotidine, physical mixture, and solid dispersion F2 was 1.630±0.027, 2.757±0.096, and 3.272±0.076 mg/ml, respectively. X-ray diffractogram ofsolid dispersion F2 showed a decrease in the peak intensity of famotidine. Thermogram of DSC showed a decrease of famotidine melting point for bothphysical mixture and solid dispersion. Photomicrograph of SEM indicated the changes in morphology solid dispersion compared to intact substances.FTIR analysis showed no chemical interaction between famotidine and mannitol. The particle size analysis showed a reduction in the particle sizeof the solid dispersion. The dissolution result after 60 minutes was 85.029%, 86.166%, 92.057% for intact famotidine, physical mixture, and soliddispersion F2, respectively.Conclusion: Solid dispersion increased solubility and dissolution rate.Keywords: Solid dispersion, Famotidine, Mannitol, Co-grinding, Solubility.

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