scholarly journals Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Indirect Carbon Emissions Caused by Chinese Urban and Rural Residential Consumption Based on Time Series Input-Output Tables from 2002 to 2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxing Zhang ◽  
Mingxing Liu ◽  
Xiulin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Residential Consumption

Carbon emissions caused by residential consumption have become one of the main sources of carbon emission and revealed a huge growth trend in China. By processing data of Chinese input-output tables available and relative Statistical Yearbook, this paper uses RAS method to update the input-output tables to obtain the time series input-output tables from 2002 to 2011. Then, we use input-output method to make a contrastive analysis of changes in carbon emissions caused by Chinese rural and urban residents’ consumption. The results show that the indirect carbon emission caused by urban residents’ consumption is the main part of carbon emission caused by residents’ consumption, and the gap between carbon emission caused by urban and rural residents’ consumption is wider and wider. The annual per capita indirect carbon emissions in urban and rural areas increase by years, and the increment of the town is much greater than that of the country. At last, we analyze carbon emissions from residents’ consumption by sectors and obtain some meaningful results. In accordance with the above conclusions, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from consumer behaviors, structure of consumption, energy usage, and so on.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Indirect Carbon Emission of Residential Consumption in China: A Case of Liaoning Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4414
Author(s):  
Yan Yan ◽  
Ancheng Pan ◽  
Chunyou Wu ◽  
Shusen Gui
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Residential Consumption

Indirect carbon emissions caused by residential consumption has gradually become the key to the formulation of carbon emission reduction policies. In order to analyze the factors that influence the provincial residential indirect carbon emissions in China, comprehensive structural decomposition analysis (SDA) and logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) models are established in this paper. The Liaoning province was selected due to its typical features as a province with higher urbanization rates. The model is based on input–output tables from 2002 to 2012, including those pertaining to the carbon emission coefficient (ΔF), energy intensity effect (ΔE), intermediate demand (ΔL), commodity structure (ΔS), residential consumption structure (ΔU), residential consumption ratio (ΔR), per capita GDP (ΔA) and population size (ΔP). The results show that the consumption of urban residents is the most common and significant section causing the growth of direct and indirect carbon emissions, both of which show an obvious upward trend. Nonmetal mining is the sector experiencing the greatest growth in indirect carbon emissions. The two most influential factors of indirect carbon emissions via the consumption of rural and urban residents are the intermediate demand effect (ΔL) and the per capita GDP effect (ΔA), respectively. Reducing energy intensity and optimizing commodity structures are the most effective ways to reduce indirect carbon emissions.

scholarly journals The Changes of Carbon Emission in China’s Industrial Sectors from 2002 to 2010: A Structural Decomposition Analysis and Input-Output Subsystem

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxing Zhang ◽  
Mingxing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Final Demand ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Carbon Emission Intensity ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Three Components

Based on 2002–2010 comparable price input-output tables, this paper first calculates the carbon emissions of China’s industrial sectors with three components by input-output subsystems; next, we decompose the three components into effect of carbon emission intensity, effect of social technology, and effect of final demand separately by structure decomposition analysis; at last, we analyze the contribution of every effect to the total emissions by sectors, thus finding the key sectors and key factors which induce the changes of carbon emissions in China’s industrial sectors. Our results show that in the latest 8 years five departments have gotten the greatest increase in the changes of carbon emissions compare with other departments and the effect of final demand is the key factor leading to the increase of industrial total carbon emissions. The decomposed effects show a decrease in carbon emission due to the changes of carbon emission intensity between 2002 and 2010 compensated by an increase in carbon emissions caused by the rise in final demand of industrial sectors. And social technological changes on the reduction of carbon emissions did not play a very good effect and need further improvement.

scholarly journals Inter-Regional Spillover of Carbon Emissions and Employment in China: Is It Positive or Negative?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Shao ◽  
Fangyi Li ◽  
Zhaoyang Ye ◽  
Zhipeng Tang ◽  
Wu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Positive Spillover

International and inter-regional trade in China has been promoted, the economic and environmental impacts of which are significant in regional development. In this paper, we analyzed the evolution of inter-regional spillover of carbon emissions and employment in China from 2007 to 2012 with structural decomposition method and multi-regional input-output tables. The index of carbon emission per employee (ICE) is designed and compared to indicate positive or negative spillover effects. We find that carbon emissions grow much more rapidly in interior regions than in coastal regions, due to spillover effects and own influences. Spillover effects rarely reduce the ICE of destination regions, but the own influences can decrease it in most regions. Although spillover may contribute to economic development in most regions, it is hardly a driver of efficiency improvement in destination regions. Based on these empirical findings, we put forward specific suggestions to improve the positive spillover effects on different kinds of regions.

scholarly journals A Study on the Factors Affecting China’s Direct Household Carbon Emission and Comparison of Regional Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingbo Fan ◽  
Aobo Ran ◽  
Xiaomeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

As the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases, China has been attracting attention. In the global carbon emission structure, the proportion of household carbon emissions continues to increase, and it is necessary to focus on the issue of household emissions. Based on the perspective of the family sector and the comparison of urban–rural and interprovincial differences, this study makes a thorough and systematic analysis of the factors affecting direct household carbon emissions. The average carbon emission of urban households is higher than that of rural households. Both personal background and household energy consumption facility use have important impacts on household carbon emissions, and the degree of impact varies between urban and rural areas and between provinces. Reducing household carbon emissions and achieving a harmonious coexistence between man and nature are the common goals of the government and society. The government should explore the model of green sustainable development on the basis of ensuring the energy needs of residents. Residents should also further establish a low-carbon life concept and focus on the cultivation of low-carbon lifestyles.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN RURAL POVERTY AFTER POLAND’S ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Chmielewska ◽  
Józef Stanisław Zegar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of this paper is to assess changes in the risk of poverty in European Union Member States and the extent of poverty in rural areas and farming households after Poland’s accession to the EU. The above aspect was consid- ered against the background of urban residents and other so- cioeconomic groups of households. The study was based on EU-SILC, Eurostat and CSO data. For a comparative assess- ment across EU countries, the poverty and/or social exclusion risk index was used. For a comparative assessment of rural and urban areas, the following basic poverty thresholds (as es- timated by the Central Statistical Office), were used: extreme poverty (subsistence minimum), relative poverty and statutory poverty. Despite the high level of socioeconomic development in the European Union, the risk of poverty or social exclusion is widespread and varies strongly across countries, regions and social groups. In Poland, rural areas are more affected by poverty than urban areas, mainly because rural households have lower incomes than urban households. The risk of pov- erty in the EU has declined. After the accession to the EU, Poland has experienced a decrease in the extent of poverty. This positive change was the combined result of many factors, mainly including an increase in incomes of the farming and rural population. In Poland, income disparities between rural and urban residents and between farm and landless families have decreased. Reducing poverty and social exclusion is one of the most important goals of the EU social policy.

A Comparative Study of Rural and Urban Residents’ Trust in Police in Taiwan

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun-Yung Kevin Wang ◽  
Ivan Y. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Attitudes Toward The Police ◽  
Trust In Police

This study aims to examine residents’ attitude toward the police, with an empirical assessment of survey data collected from both urban and rural areas of Taiwan, a Chinese society that has successfully transformed from authoritarianism to democracy. Prior studies using samples from different Chinese societies tend to find that the assessment of the police is unidimensional. Using procedural justice as the guiding theoretical framework, the present study examines whether urban and rural residents express different levels of trust in police on procedural- and outcome-based measures. Findings revealed that urban residents had a lower level of trust in police on the outcome-based performance than their rural counterparts, while no difference was found in procedural-based dimension. In addition, Taiwanese attitudes toward the police were substantially influenced by media coverage of police misconducts and political ideology. This article concluded with discussions of plausible explanations and policy implications.

scholarly journals Carbon Emissions and Carbon Intensity in China’s Exports: A Contrast of SRIO and GIRIO Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-512
Author(s):  
Hao Xiao ◽  
Jianguo Wang ◽  
Qiao Zhu ◽  
Han Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Dramatic Decrease ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Direct Trade

AbstractThis paper compares differences between single regional input-output (SRIO) model and global interregional IO model (GIRIO) used in the area of carbon emission embodied in exports under global supply chain, and decomposes carbon emissions and carbon intensity in exports according to export path based on KWW (2014). Empirical analysis in China’s exports in 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2009 shows: 1) GIRIO model yielded about 2.11% less domestic emissions absorbed abroad, 0.8% more domestic emissions in exports, 1.5 times more foreign emissions in exports in 2009, compared to SRIO model. 2) USA and EU absorb most carbon emissions in China’s exports, but with declining share. Increasing domestic emissions firstly exported to developing countries but finally returned home and emissions from developing countries in China’s exports show their contribution from developing countries. Discrepancies between bilateral carbon emissions flows changes and direct trade flows changes suggest indirect carbon emissions transfer by third parties are neglected in SRIO model. 3) Despite dramatic decrease, China still bears 1.52 times more carbon emissions per GDP gained than foreign countries in fragmentation of China’s exports production in 2009, indicating different roles in production fragmentation.

The impact of consumption on economic growth in Chongqing based on the decomposition of input output table

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
You Jia ◽  
Ren Qi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Resident Population ◽  
Output Table ◽  
Consumption Structure ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Unit Output

This paper investigates the effects of Chongqing’s rural and urban residents and total resident population on economic development based on the residents’ consumption structure and analyses of economic development theories concerned by using the input-output table of Chongqing during 2002–2017 and SDA (Structure Decomposition Analysis) model. The study found that, compared with the previous years, the direct consumption of the primary industry’s unit output to the industrial products has decreased significantly in 2017, while the direct consumption to the tertiary industry has increased significantly; The direct consumption per unit output of the second industry is basically equal to that of the products of the industry, while the direct consumption of the products of the third industry has increased; The direct consumption per unit output value of the tertiary industry is basically equal to that of the primary industry. In the long run, the changes in consumption structure of rural and urban residents and total resident population and the increase in proportion of tertiary industry accelerate the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. However, the effect of consumption structure on GDP (Gross Domestic Product) varies from year to year. On the whole, the changes of residents’ consumption have a positive effect on GDP (Gross Domestic Product).

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Differences in Hospitalizations for Opioid Use–Associated Infective Endocarditis in the United States, 2003–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Katherine Nenninger ◽  
Jenny L Carwile ◽  
Katherine A Ahrens ◽  
Brett Armstrong ◽  
Kinna Thakarar
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract Background The incidence of infective endocarditis, a serious heart infection that can result from injection drug use, has increased in step with the opioid epidemic. Harm reduction services aimed at decreasing infectious complications of injection drug use are limited in rural areas; however, it is unknown whether the burden of opioid use–associated infective endocarditis varies between rural and urban populations. Methods We used 2003–2016 National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample data and joinpoint regression to compare trends in hospitalization for opioid use–associated infective endocarditis between rural and urban populations. Results Rates of US hospitalizations for opioid use–associated infective endocarditis increased from 0.28 to 3.86 per 100 000 rural residents, as compared with 1.26 to 3.49 for urban residents (overall difference in annual percent change P < .01). We observed 2 distinct trend periods, with a period of little change between 2003 and 2009/2010 (annual percent change, 0.0% rural vs –0.08% urban) followed by a large increase in hospitalization rates between 2009/2010 and 2016 (annual percent change, 0.35% rural vs 0.36% urban). Over the study period, opioid use–associated infective endocarditis hospitalizations shifted toward younger age groups for both rural and urban residents, and rural resident hospitalizations increasingly occurred at urban teaching hospitals. For both groups, Medicaid was the most common payer. Conclusions The increase in US hospitalizations for opioid use–associated infective endocarditis over the past decade supports the importance of public health efforts to reduce injection-related infections in both urban and rural areas. Future studies should examine factors affecting the higher increase in rate of these hospitalizations in rural areas.

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