scholarly journals Seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiInfection in Sows in Hunan Province, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xu ◽  
Run-Cheng Li ◽  
Guo-Hua Liu ◽  
Wei Cong ◽  
Xiao-Xuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
And Control

Toxoplasma gondiiinfections are prevalent in animals and humans worldwide. Although the prevalence ofT. gondiihas been reported in many animals in China, little is known ofT. gondiiinfection in sows. Antibodies toT. gondiiin sows in Hunan province, subtropical China, were examined using indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT). Overall, 31.3% (373/1191) of the examined sows were seropositive forT. gondii. Among 11 representative regions of Hunan province, the seroprevalence ranged from 14.8% to 45.1%. In addition, theT. gondiiseroprevalence was higher in summer (37.4%) and autumn (34.9%) than in spring (24.6%) and winter (23.9%). Regarding different antibody titers, the seroprevalence ranged from 1.8% (titer ≥ 1 : 1024) to 17.4% (titer = 1 : 64). The findings of the present investigation revealed the high seroprevalence ofT. gondiiin sows in Hunan province, China, which poses a potential risk forT. gondiiinfection in humans and animals in this province. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to prevent and control toxoplasmosis of pigs in this province. This is the first report of the comprehensive survey ofT. gondiiseroprevalence in sows in Hunan Province, subtropical China.

scholarly journals SEROPREVALENCE OF Toxoplasma gondii (Nicole & Manceaux, 1909) AND RETROVIRAL STATUS OF CLIENT-OWNED PET CATS (Felis catus, Linnaeus, 1758) IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethânia Ferreira Bastos ◽  
Beatriz Brener ◽  
Liza Gershony ◽  
Liliane Willi ◽  
Norma Labarthe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Retroviral Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Retroviral Infections

Cats, as definitive host, play an important role in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. This study aimed to establish the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii immunoglobulins G and M, and determine the frequency of oocysts in the feces of the domestic cat population in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We also aimed to study the association between T. gondii infection and age, sex, breed, lifestyle, diet and retroviral infection. A total of 108 cats were included in the study and fecal samples of 54 of those cats were obtained. Only 5.6% of the cats were seropositive for anti-T. gondii immunoglobulins using the indirect hemagglutination test. None of the 54 cats presented oocysts in their fecal samples. Although not statistically significant, males, mixed-breed, free-roaming and cats aged two years and older were found to be more exposed. Age, lifestyle and the use of litter boxes were found to play an important role as risk factors. Anemia and retroviral infections were independent of T. gondii infection. No antibodies were detected in the majority of cats (94.4%), indicating that those cats had never been exposed to the parasite and, therefore, once infected, they could present the risk of shedding large numbers of oocysts into the environment.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pet dogs in Wuhan, Huazhong of China

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Li ◽  
Rongrong Li ◽  
Jiakui Li
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Present study was an epidemiological survey for seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in pet dogs (n= 279) in Wuhan, Huazhong area of China, using indirect hemagglutination test (IHA). Overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in this area was 13.3 per cent. The prevalence in males and females was 13.4 and 13.0%, there was no significant difference (P<sup>3</sup>0.05) between the genders. The prevalence of T. gondii infection was 12.7, 14.0, 13.3 and 12.7% in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. There was a significant difference (Ply affect community health in this region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the prevalence of T. gondii infection in pet dogs in Wuhan.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Growth Stages of Pigs in Hunan Province, Subtropical China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 945-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Gui Wang ◽  
Bin-Ze Gui ◽  
Run-Cheng Li ◽  
Gui-Ping Wang ◽  
Meng Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

scholarly journals First record of Toxoplasma gondii in Chaetophractus villosus in Argentina

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta S. Kin ◽  
Marcelo Fort ◽  
Hugo D. Giménez ◽  
Emma B. Casanave
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
First Record ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Chaetophractus Villosus ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Reproductive Disorder ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite that causes abortion and reproductive disorder in domestic animals. T. gondii is a common worldwide disease in homeothermic animals, including birds and humans. The aim of the present study was to determine the presence of antibodies against T. gondii in the armadillo Chaetophractus villosus in the province of La Pampa, Argentina. Serum samples were collected from 150 individuals (70 males and 80 females). For serological detection of T. gondii, a latex agglutination test was first performed and then positive sera were confirmed with an indirect hemagglutination test, using 1:4 to 1:64 dilutions. Results showed that 27% (41) of the samples presented titers for antibodies against T. gondii. There were not significant differences between the presence of antibodies against T. gondii and age or sexes of the armadillos. Results show that presence of T. gondii antibodies in armadillos were associated with presence of pigs, and sheep, however there was not association with chickens and dairy cattle in capture site. T. gondii has an important presence in C. villosus population, suggesting a potential zoonotic risk for humans and wildlife animals when C. villosus meats are consumed raw or undercooked. This is the first record of the presence of antibodies against T. gondii in C. villosus.

High seroprevalence of Chlamydia infection in sows in Hunan province, subtropical China

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xuan Zhang ◽  
Run-Cheng Li ◽  
Guo-Hua Liu ◽  
Wei Cong ◽  
Hui-Qun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hunan Province ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Subtropical China

scholarly journals Infection by Toxoplasma gondii in Neotropical non-human primates

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana S. Pires ◽  
Carlos T. Ribeiro ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Carvalho Filho ◽  
Alcides Pissinatti ◽  
Walter Flausino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
New World ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Wild Felids ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Intracellular Protozoan Parasite

Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1909) is an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite of warm animals, including human and non-human primates. Domestic and wild felids are considered definitive hosts. Several authors have already identified lesions in New World primates caused by T. gondii. Nevertheless, little is known about serological studies on those animals. With this reason, New World non-human primates of the genera Cebus and Callithrix that were apprehended by governmental authorities and sent to the Wildlife Screening Center (Cetas)/IBAMA, at the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio Janeiro, were bled and sera were submitted to the indirect hemagglutination test for detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies. From 21 sera of Cebus primates, 76.19% (16/21) had anti-T. gondii antibodies. Titles varied from 16 to 2048. In samples from 21 Callithrix, only 4.5% (1/22) had anti-T. gondii antibodies. Only one animal had a title of 32. During all the time those animals were clinical evaluated until sample was collected; none of them had any clinical sign or sequel related to infection by T. gondii. The fact that the origin of these primates is unknown and that there is no information about their feeding habits before captivity makes it difficult to determine the source of T. gondii infection.

scholarly journals Presence of atypical genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii isolated from cats in the state of Bahia, Northeast of Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0253630
Author(s):  
Ana Graziela de Jesus Deiró ◽  
Danielle Paschoal do Prado ◽  
Iuri Prates Sousa ◽  
Daniele de Santana Rocha ◽  
Rodrigo Alves Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
The State ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Dna Fragment ◽  
Polymerase Chain

In this study, 20 blood, heart, and brain samples were collected from euthanized cats at the Zoonosis Control Centers and Veterinary Clinics in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The sera were examined for anti-T. gondii antibodies using the indirect hemagglutination test. The brains and hearts of seven seropositive cats were ground, and peptide digestion was performed for bioassay in mice. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated in 5/7 (71.42%) of seropositive cats. In these isolates, the parasite was genotyped using the Polymerase chain reaction, associated with the DNA fragment polymorphism obtained by restriction enzyme PCR-RFLP technique with 11 markers (SAG1, 5’-SAG2, 3’-SAG2, alt. SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, Apico, and CS3) and 15 microsatellite markers (TUB-2, W35, TgM-A, B18, B17, M33, IV.1, XI.1, M48, M102, N60, N82, AA, N61, N83). The analysis of the isolates by PCR-RFLP revealed five distinct genotypes. Three of these genotypes have never been reported before; one corresponded to the TgDgCo13 genotype, and one incomplete genotype. In genotyping analysis using microsatellite markers, it was observed that the isolates showed atypical alleles in the typing and fingerprint markers. This revealed five atypical genotypes. The typing marker B17 showed the highest degree of atypia. This study is the first to report the genotyping of T. gondii obtained from naturally infected cats in Bahia, Northeast Brazil. The genotypes found in this study were different from those found in other studies conducted in Bahia, which included different species of animals. None of the clonal lineages I, II, or III were found. This study demonstrates the diversity of T. gondii in the study region, with the presence of unusual genotypes, reaffirming the genetic variability of the parasite in Brazil.

scholarly journals Indirect Hemagglutination Test for Detection of Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in Venezuelan felids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Cañizales
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

Abstract Current knowledge of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Venezuelan ecosystems is limited. T. gondii is a ubiquitous intracellular protozoan parasite. Mammals and birds are intermediate hosts and felid species are definitive hosts. In most human altered habitats, the domestic cat is the predominant definitive host. Cats are important in the epidemiology of T. gondii infection because they are the only hosts that can excrete the environmentally resistant oocysts. Other carnivores can be infected by the consumption of tissue cysts when feeding on infected animals and by incidental ingestion of oocysts from environmental contamination. This study aimed to quantify the values of antibodies for T. gondii in blood serum of some felids species by means of the technique of Indirect Hemoagglutination. In the present study, seropositivity of T. gondii was determined in serum of 35 animals (22 stray cats and 13 wild cats) from Venezuela, South America. Antibodies to T. gondii were assayed by the indirect hemagglutination test and found in 21 of 22 (95.45 %) stray catstiters of 1:64 in four, 1:128 in four, 1:256 in one, 1:512 in one, 1:1024 in three, and 1:2048 or higher in eight. In 4 of 6 (66.67 %) ocelots titers of 1:64 in one, 1:256 in one, 1:1024 in one, and one with titers 1:2048. In 3 of 4 (75.00 %) jaguars titers of 1:512 in one, and two with titers 1:2048. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a statistically significant difference between species (H = 6.983, p = 0.03).

scholarly journals Comparison of an Improved Polymerase Chain Reaction Protocol and the Indirect Hemagglutination Assay in the Detection of Eperythrozoon Suis Infection

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon M. Gwaltney ◽  
Richard D. Oberst
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Hemagglutination Assay ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The ability of an improved polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol to detect Eperythrozoon suis DNA in the blood of experimentally infected nonsplenectomized pigs was evaluated. The protocol utilizes previously described E. suis-specific primers and a proprietary DNA-releasing reagent in a 2-step amplification cycle followed by visualization of the 492-bp amplification product on agarose gels. This PCR protocol successfully amplified E. suis DNA in blood from all postinfection samples and from the preinfection samples of 2 pigs, indicating preexisting natural infections. Results of the indirect hemagglutination test on serum samples from these pigs revealed that only 1 pig developed detectable antibody titers to E. suis infection during the 43-day study; that pig was determined by PCR to have been infected naturally with E. suis prior to experimental inoculation. These results confirm previous reports of poor antibody response of young pigs to E. suis infection and demonstrate the potential of PCR as a valuable tool for the diagnosis and study of E. suis infection in pigs.

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