scholarly journals Effect of Mix Parameters on the Strength Performance of Waste Plastics Incorporated Concrete Mixes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhosh M. Malkapur ◽  
Ashish Anand ◽  
Amit Prakash Pandey ◽  
Alok Ojha ◽  
Nimesh Mani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Taguchi’S Design Of Experiments

Disposal of solid wastes has been a major problem all over the world. Out of all the different types of solid wastes, the major challenge of disposal is posed by the ever increasing volumes of plastic wastes. While several methods are in practice, producing newer useful materials by recycling of such plastic wastes is, by far, the best method of their disposal. One such possible method is to use the waste plastics as an ingredient in the production of the concrete mixes in the construction industry. The present study aims to investigate the relative contributions of the various mix parameters to the mechanical properties of concrete mixes produced with waste plastics as partial replacement (10–30% by volume) to coarse aggregates. Initially, strength test results of a set of trial mixes, selected based on Taguchi’s design of experiments (DOE) method are obtained. A detailed analysis of the experimental results is carried out to study the effect of using waste plastics as a partial replacement to coarse aggregates on the strength parameters of these concrete mixes. It is found that all these trial mixes have performed satisfactorily in terms of workability in the fresh state and strength properties in their hardened state.

scholarly journals Strength Performance of Concrete containing Date Seeds as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregates under the Exposure of NaCl and Na2SO4

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Sajjad Ali Mangi ◽  
Arslan Wali Muhammad ◽  
Naseer Ul Din
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Normal Water

The strength performance of the concrete structures is of great importance in the field of Civil Engineering. Concrete is the most prevalent and an artificially made construction material all over the world. Concrete is used for the construction of bridges, dams, abutments, and many other hydraulic structures. These structures remain in seawater throughout their service life. As seawater contains a lot of salts, composed of chlorides and sulphates and many other reactive elements. These chloride and sulphates attack on the concrete and cause deterioration of structure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the strength performance of concrete containing Date Seeds (DS) exposed to Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and Sodium Sulphate Na2SO4. In this study we have replaced the Coarse Aggregates with Date Seeds (DS) by different percentages of weight i.e. (CA:DS)%, (100:0)%, (98:2)%, (97:3)% and (96:4)%. The constant water cement ratio was used in all mixes i.e. 0.5. Workability, Density, and compressive strength were examined by casting 48 standard cubes of 100mm size, and exposure to the NaCl and Na2SO4 Solution for curing at 7 and 28 days. Test results demonstrated that workability first increase at 2% replacement but then decreases as replacement increases. The results of Density and Compressive Strength of Cubes cured in plain water and in mixed solution of NaCl and Na2SO4 were compared. It was observed that the replacement of coarse aggregate with date seeds was increases workability of concrete. Density and compressive strength of cubes cured in plain water decreases to a small extent. For Compressive Strength, it was observed at 28 days, that the Compressive Strength of cubes placed in normal water for curing have greater values as compare to the cubes placed in the salt solution.

Strength Properties and Microscopic Observations of Concrete with Plastic Wastes as Partial Aggregate Substitute

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Winston C. Oreta ◽  
Maejann E. Cuartero ◽  
Nikko Paolo P. Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Performance Results

<p>Sustainable construction can be promoted by producing construction materials with recycled waste. This study aims to address the issue of recycling plastic wastes and providing a means of livelihood in a relocation site of typhoon victims and urban settlers in Metro Manila by exploring the production of quality concrete hollow blocks (CHB) mixed with waste plastic wastes. In the study, the strength properties of concrete with various types of plastic wastes (PW) such as plastic bags (PB) and noodle wrappers (NW) as substitute to fine aggregates were investigated. Different percent substitutions, specifically 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%, were considered for each mix. The behaviour and strength properties of the concrete with and without PW were analysed and compared Moreover, the microscopic structures of the various types of mixes were observed using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and related to the failure mode and strength performance. Results show that concrete with PB outperformed the other concrete mixes with plastics due to the plastic bag’s high stretchable property, compared to the noodle wrappers. In addition, plastics, in general, provide additional ductility to the concrete enabling them to tolerate more deformation at lower loads. The final product of the study is a mix design for producing non-load bearing concrete hollow blocks (CHB) that can be used for low-cost housing in the Philippines.</p>

Strength Performance of T-Headed Rebar in Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 1401-1408
Author(s):  
Chien Kuo Chiu ◽  
Kai Ning Chi ◽  
Ker Chun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Concrete Cover ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Cover Thickness

In recent years, the T-Headed bar has been gradually applied to bridge and building structures. However, until Year 2008, a debut of the headed bar in the ACI 318 Design Code was found. There were six limitations on materials’ strength properties, bearing area of head and concrete-cover thickness and spacing of the reinforcement with the head to be made in the Section 12.6 of the ACI 318-08 Code. This paper concerns some issues that were difficult application for the practical engineering or had potential to be improved. They include the clear spacing of the headed bars not less than 4 times the diameter of the bars, the bearing area of head of the headed bar not less than 4 times cross-sectional area of the bars and concrete limit on normal-weight and its effective compression strength not more than 42 MPa. In this study, a total of 43 specimens with a CCT node (Compression-Compression-Tension Node) experimental model were conducted to evaluate anchored performance of the headed bars. Study parameters in this work included strength of concrete, size of reinforcement, bearing area of T head, spacing of bars and confinement condition provided by horizontal reinforcement. Additionally, some benchmark specimens those placed straight bars, and standard 90º and 180º hook bars were carried out for comparison. Test results showed that for anchorage performance, the T-headed bars could provide better than the standard 90º and 180º hook bars. Test results also indicated that the headed bars with head bearing area of three times sectional area of the bar were able to perform as well anchored behavior as their head bearing area with four times sectional area of the bar. In addition, comparing the test results of specimens their spacing having 1.5 and 4 times diameter of the bar, it was found that their anchored strength capacities were similar.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF BASALT AND GRANITE AS COARSE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE MIXTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
S.E Ubi ◽  
P.O Nkra ◽  
R.B Agbor ◽  
D.E Ewa ◽  
M. Nuchal
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Structural Tests ◽  
Comparative Results

This present research was on the comparison of the efficacious use of basalt and granite as coarse aggregates in concrete work. In order to obtain the basis for comparison, physical and structural tests were conducted on the different materials of the concrete and the concrete samples respectively. Physical test results revealed that basalt have a specific gravity of 2.8 and 2.5, while granite have a specific gravity of 2.9 and 2.6. In density, basalt have a density of 1554.55kg/m3 while granite had a density of 1463.64kg/m3. Aggregate impact test conducted on both aggregates revealed a percentage of 11.05% for basalt and 12.63% for granite. The following structural tests were carried out: compressive strength tests, flexural and tensile strength test and the comparative results are as follows. Compressive strength for basalt 36.39N/mm2 while 37.16N/mm2 for granite. 24.81N/mm2 tensile strength for basalt while 12.57N/mm2 for granite, 31.83N/mm2 flexural strength for basalt while 27.97N/mm2 for granite. From the above results, it can be deduced that basalt has higher strength properties than granite. Therefore, more suitable for coarse aggregate in achieving higher strength with some quantity of other composition of the concrete mix when compared to granite.

scholarly journals STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF STRENGTH PROPERTIES IN CALCINED KAOLIN AND SILICA FUME

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Jigyasa Shukla ◽  
Harsh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Calcined Kaolin

This paper present the study of various strength such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength during 7 and 28 day. It is construct the specimens size 15cm X 15cm X 15cm for testing purpose which depend upon the size of aggregate. Test results are indicated that strength performance of concrete well as in durability aspect are improved using of Silica fume

scholarly journals Strength Characteristics of Groundnut Leaf/Stem Ash (GLSA) Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
O. W. Oseni ◽  
M. T. Audu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Pozzolanic Properties

Abstract The compressive strength properties of concrete are substantial factors in the design and construction of concrete structures. Compressive strength directly affects the degree to which the concrete can be able to carry a load over time. These changes are complemented by deflections, cracks etc., in the structural elements of concrete. This research investigated the effect of groundnut leaf/stem ash (GLSA) on the compressive strength of concrete at 0%, 5 %, 10 % and 15 % replacements of cement. The effect of the water-cement ratio on properties such as the compressive strength, slump, flow and workability properties of groundnut leaf/stem ash (GLSA) mixes with OPC were evaluated to determine whether they are acceptable for use in concrete structural elements. A normal concrete mix with cement at 100 % (i.e., GLSA at 0%) with concrete grade C25 that can attain an average strength of 25 N/mm2 at 28 days was used as a control at design water-cement ratios of 0.65 and grading of (0.5-32) mm from fine to coarse aggregates was tested for: (1) compressive strength, and the (2) slump and flow Test. The results and observations showed that the concrete mixes from GLSA at 5 – 15 % ratios exhibit: pozzolanic properties and GLSA could be used as a partial replacement for cement at these percentage mix ratios compared with the control concrete; an increase in the water-cement ratio showed a significant decrease in the compressive strength and an increase in workability. Therefore, it is important that all concrete mixes exude an acceptably designed water-cement ratio for compressive strength characteristics for use in structures, water-cement ratio is a significant factor.

scholarly journals A Performance Study on Partial Replacement of Polymer Industries Waste (PIW) as Fine Aggregate in Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Srinivasan ◽  
J. Premalatha ◽  
S. Srigeethaa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Plastic Wastes

AbstractRecycling of plastic wastes helps in reducing waste disposal problems and helps for the sustainable development of the country. Concrete with various % (0 to 55%) of waste plastic aggregates were tested for their mechanical strength properties. In the present work, plastic aggregates obtained as end product of a polymer recycle industry in the form of grains called as plastic aggregates are used as fine aggregate replacements in concrete. The addition of plastic aggregate as fine aggregate replacements results in increase in compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength and thus helps in production of sustainable concrete. It is observed that, the optimum % of replacement of sand with waste plastic waste is 40% and it is also found that upto55% of sand replacements with plastic wastes, mechanical strength values are comparable with that of the normal concrete.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Asphalt Approach for the Development of Sustainable Roads

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
Soleen Jaber Ahmad Al-Hasan ◽  
R. Balamuralikrishnan ◽  
Motasem Altarawneh
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Recycled Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Coarse Aggregates

Currently, various types of recyclable materials are used in civil engineering applications. One of the future challenges in the civil engineering field facing sustainability and the bulk utilization of waste materials without affecting the performance of the product related to the civil engineering field. Presence of bulk amounts of disposed and demolished materials including aggregates and undecomposed recycled polymers can be recycled. The main aim of reducing environmental impact and also reduction in the cost. Present research focusing on recycled polymers as partial replacement of bitumen in addition to recycled coarse aggregate in different percentages are investigated for its feasibility used in road construction. To achieve the objectives of the current research, 6 batches of bituminous samples were prepared and each case considered three samples for repeatability. The first batch is considered as a control sample without adding Recycled Coarse Aggregates (RCA) and recycled polymer. The second batch consists of 15% partial replacement of bitumen using polymer without recycled aggregate. Remaining batches 3 to 6 were 15% partial replacement of bitumen with polymer and partial replacement of coarse aggregates using recycled coarse aggregate say 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Each batch was tested by reliable and standard tests in order to determine the most efficient mix (batch). The testing methods followed in this investigation are sieve analysis test, impact test, Los Angeles test, penetration test and marshal test. The results of sieve analysis test showed that the fineness modulus value for RCA equals to 4% with uniform graded graph. The specific gravity test results showed that RCA specific gravity is 2.61 which indicates that RCA is considered as coarse grained soils. Moreover, the Impact test for RCA equals 9.3%. In addition, the result for Los Angeles for RCA value is 19.07% and comparing it with the standard and it should be less than 30% is suitable for road construction. Furthermore, penetration test results of 15% partial replacement of bitumen using polymer showed that the average value equals 58 mm compared to 63.7 mm for bitumen without polymer. Finally, the result obtained from the Marshall Stability test showed that batch 5 partial replacement of bitumen 15% using polymer and the partially replaced normal coarse aggregate 75% with RCA gives better results in all aspects. A fruitful conclusion from this study is to follow the approach of utilization of recycled coarse aggregate along with recycled polymers in road construction. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2020-01-03-01 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Strength Behaviour of Cement Mortar with Marble Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S3) ◽  
pp. 405-410
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Strength Determination ◽  
Marble Powder ◽  
Guide Lines ◽  
Split Tensile Test ◽  
Flexure Test

In this study, the strength properties of marble powder in cement mortar have been investigated. The strength studies include compression test, split tensile test and flexure test. To perform these tests, a cement mortar is prepared in the ratio of 1:3 as per the Indian Standard guide lines. In this mortar, the cement is replaced by marble powder by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40%. For testing the compression strength behaviour of marble powder in replacement of cement, cement mortar cube specimens of size 7.07 cm x 7.07 cm x 7.07 cm are cast for all the said replacement ratios. After 7 and 28 days of curing, the specimens are tested for compression. Similarly for testing of splitting tensile strength, cylindrical mortar specimens of size 60mm dia. and 120mm are cast and tested at 7 and 28 days. For flexural strength determination, beam specimens of size 160mm x 40mm x 40mm are cast and these specimens are tested after the required days of curing. From the test results, it has been found that the cement mortar mix with 10% marble powder gives better results in compression, split tension and in flexure results. To determine the oxide composition of marble powder, XRF test was performed.

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