The Tensile and Flexural Forces of Acropora Reef Waste Particulate-Enchanced Polyester Composites

Composite is a material that combines two or more materials that basically dissimilar chemical or physical properties from one another. In this research, we used Acropora coral reef waste particulate and Resin Polyester BQTN type 157 with Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) 1% as the hardener. The Hand Lay-Up molding technique is used in the process of making the material. The tensile and flexure test is done according to the ASTM D3090 and ASTM D790 – 03 standards. The purpose of this research is to discover the means to produce a composite enhanced by Acropora coral reef waste with polyester matrix and to learn the tensile and flexure strength from the Acropora coral reef waste particulate-enhanced polyester composites with mass fraction varieties of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The tensile test result of Acroporal coral reef waste particulate with polyester matrix yields average tensile strength at mass fraction variety of 40% with a score of 19,66 MPa, with an Modulus score of 636,75 MPa. The flexure test result of Acropora coral reef waste particulate with polyester matrix yields average flexure stress at mass fraction variety of 40% with a score of 112,56 MPa, with an average Elastic Modulus score of 3098,96 MPa.

Strength Properties of Geopolymer Concrete with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Metakaolin

In this study, geopolymer concrete is prepared by using 100% Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS). Then the GGBS is replaced by Metakaolin from 0 to 25% with the variation of 5% for preparing the specimens. The activator solution consists of Sodium hydroxide of 12 Molarity and sodium silicate in the ratio of 1: 2.5. 550kg/m3 of GGBS is used in this study. A carboxylic based admixture called La Hypercrete S25 is added in the mix by 1% of the weight of GGBS to increase the workability. The studies conducted on the specimens are compression test, split tensile test and flexure test. For conducting the compression test, 54 concrete cubes of size 100mm x 100mm x 100mm are cast for testing at 7, 14 and 28 days. For splitting tensile strength, 54 concrete cylinders with 100 mm dia and 200 mm height are cast for testing at 7, 14 and 28 days. The flexure test specimens are beams of 500 mm length and 100mm x 100mm in cross section are cast. These are 54 in numbers .Specimens are cast by replacing the GGBS by Metakaolin in 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. All the specimens are cured for 7, 14 and 28 days and tested for compression, split tensile and flexure. The test results reveal that the strengths are gradually increasing for 5, 10 and 15% replacement of GGBS by Metakaolin and give the highest value for 20% in all the tests. It also shows further increased replacements reduces the test values. It proves that geopolymer concrete performs well in strength properties with GGBS and Metakaolin.

Strength Behaviour of Cement Mortar with Marble Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement

In this study, the strength properties of marble powder in cement mortar have been investigated. The strength studies include compression test, split tensile test and flexure test. To perform these tests, a cement mortar is prepared in the ratio of 1:3 as per the Indian Standard guide lines. In this mortar, the cement is replaced by marble powder by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40%. For testing the compression strength behaviour of marble powder in replacement of cement, cement mortar cube specimens of size 7.07 cm x 7.07 cm x 7.07 cm are cast for all the said replacement ratios. After 7 and 28 days of curing, the specimens are tested for compression. Similarly for testing of splitting tensile strength, cylindrical mortar specimens of size 60mm dia. and 120mm are cast and tested at 7 and 28 days. For flexural strength determination, beam specimens of size 160mm x 40mm x 40mm are cast and these specimens are tested after the required days of curing. From the test results, it has been found that the cement mortar mix with 10% marble powder gives better results in compression, split tension and in flexure results. To determine the oxide composition of marble powder, XRF test was performed.

Strength of Corrugation in Roofing Sheet with Various Fibres

Due to tearing out at its corrugations because of high wind and impact loads most of the corrugated roofing sheets have damaged. By using fibre reinforcement the strength of these sheets can be improved. The fibres play the role of crack arrest and absorb energy. In this research paper the fibre namely polyester, glass fibre, coconut coir fibre and fly ash are used as reinforcement in cement matrices for producing corrugated roofing sheets and it has been investigated and reported. These roofing sheets were cast by hand and the strength of the corrugations of the sheets in terms of splitting due to water absorption test, impact load and flexure test were experimentally evaluated. It is identified that the strength of the fibre sheets due to buckle strength and impact loads increased as compared to the corrugated sheets without fibres. This study has shown that asbestos can be replaced by these fibres, in the fabrication of corrugated roofing sheets.

ANALISIS SAMBUNGAN BALOK PRECAST SEDERHANA SISTEM MECHANIC AND WET CONNECTION PADA MOMEN MAKSIMUM

ABSTRACTThe Result of this research is conventional beam (K1,K2) or precast beam (P1,P2), for precast beam (P1,P2) grouted with SIKA Grout 215 product and mechanic at the joint. Compressive Strength of concrete at 28 day is 358,26 Kg/cm2For flexure test until failure have resulted for convensional beam K1 deflection at maximum load 9,61 ton is 2,114 cm, for convensional beam K1 deflection at maximum load 9,82 ton is 1,479 cm, for convensional beam K1 deflection at maximum load 12,79 ton is 2,103 cm, for convensional beam K1 deflection at maximum load 12,02 ton is 1,745 cmKeywords: Precast, Grouting, non shrinkageABSTRAKPada penelitian ini telah dihasilkan benda uji baik benda uji konvensional (K1, K2) maupun benda uji precast (P1,P2) dimana untuk benda uji P1 dan P2 dilakukan penggroutingan dengan bahan grouting nonshrinkage (tidak susut) produk Sika Grout 215 pada daerah sambungannya selain dengan mechanic joint. Mutu beton rata – rata yang dicapai adalah 358,26 Kg/cm2Hasil yang telah dicapai pada penelitian ini adalah untuk balok konvensional K1 menghasilkan lendutan pada beban maksimum 2,114 cm , untuk balok konvensional K2 menghasilkan lendutan pada beban maksimum 1,479 cm, untuk balok precast P1menghasilkan lendutan pada beban maksimum 2,103 cm, untuk balok precast P2 menghasilkan lendutan pada beban maksimum 1,745 cmBeban maksimum yang dicapai balok konvensional K1 adalah 9,61 ton, untuk balok konvensional K2, beban maksimum 9,82 ton, untuk balok precast P1, beban maksimum 12,79 ton, untuk balok precast P2 beban maksimum 12,02 tonKata Kunci : Precast, Grouting, non shrinkage