scholarly journals Study of Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters in HIV-1 Male Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurudath Gundurao Sreekantamurthy ◽  
N Biplab Singh ◽  
Th Bhimo Singh ◽  
Th Suraj Singh ◽  
Karam Romeo Singh
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

Background. HIV patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) containing protease inhibitors (PIs) had been often associated with lipodystrophy. However, there are only few studies on association of nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI and NNRTI) with lipodystrophy.Study Design. One hundred and one HIV male patients were categorised into ART naïve (n=22), zidovudine (n=22), stavudine (n=18), tenofovir (n=15), and PIs (n=24) based HAART. Their clinicoepidemiological data had been entered in preformed pro forma. The body composition, using TANITA machine and metabolic parameters like lipid profile, blood sugars was analysed.Results. Clinically, lipoatrophy of face was most prevalent in HIV patients on stavudine (15 patients, 83.3%) and PIs (20 patients, 83.3%) based HAART. The mean BMI among study population was in normal range. Excess visceral fat was most prevalent among patients on PIs, 4 patients (16.7%). The waist-hip ratio was significantly higher in PIs (P=0.01) based HAART. There was no significant difference among different study populations in terms of BMI (P=0.917), body water (P=0.318), body fat (P=0.172), bone mass (P=0.200), and muscle mass (P=0.070). Hypertriglyceridiemia was found in stavudine, tenofovir, and protease inhibitors regimens. Low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was found zidovudine, stavudine, and PIs regimens. Fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia was found PIs and impaired glucose tolerance in stavudine regimen.Conclusion. Patients on PIs were associated with truncal obesity and lipoatrophy of face, along with dyslipidemia and hyperglycaemia. Stavudine based regimen is associated with hypertriglyceridiemia and low HDL along with lipoatrophy of face.

scholarly journals Anthropometry and body composition of vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents under therapy with and without protease inhibitors

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1255-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lígia Cardoso dos Reis ◽  
Patrícia Helen de Carvalho Rondó ◽  
Heloisa Helena de Sousa Marques ◽  
Neuber José Segri
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveAlthough the benefits of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have been documented, it is thought to be associated to disturbances in nutritional status. These disturbances may occur early in life and are poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between anthropometric parameters and body composition of perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents under HAART, according to use and non-use of protease inhibitors.DesignCross-sectional study undertaken between August and December 2007. Demographic, socio-economic, clinical and anthropometric data were collected from the patients. The χ2 test, Wilcoxon rank sum test (Mann–Whitney) and t test were used to compare the following variables between users and non-users of protease inhibitors: age, gender, per capita income, HAART exposure, antiretroviral therapy adopted in the last three years, CD4 count, viral load, pubertal stage, nutritional status (BMI-for-age, height-for-age, waist and neck circumferences, triceps skinfold thickness, body fat percentage, upper-arm fat area and upper-arm muscle area).SettingAn HIV/AIDS out-patient clinic, São Paulo, Brazil.SubjectsOne hundred and fifteen patients (children and adolescents aged 6–19 years).ResultsProtease inhibitors users had a higher prevalence of stunting (P=0·03), lower BMI (P=0·03) and lower percentage of body fat (P=0·05) compared with non-users. There was no statistically significant difference between the HAART regimens and measurements of fat adiposity.ConclusionsThe findings of the study suggest that children and adolescents under protease inhibitors are at higher risk of growth and development deviations, but not at risk of body fat redistribution.

Nonlinear Resistance Training Enhances the Lipid Profile and Reduces Inflammation Marker in People Living With HIV: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 765-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Ribeiro Zanetti ◽  
Lucas Gonçalves da Cruz ◽  
Camilo Luís Monteiro Lourenço ◽  
Giovana Castilho Ribeiro ◽  
Marco Aurélio Ferreira de Jesus Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Nonlinear Resistance

Background:Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is associated with high total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglyceride (TG), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The natural course of the HIV infection reduces the high-density lipoprotein level (HDL-c). Thus, physical exercise plays a key role in reducing the effects of HAART and HIV.Methods:Thirty people living with HIV (PLHIV) were randomized to the nonlinear resistance training (NLRT) and control (CON) groups. The NLRT group underwent 12 weeks of resistance training, whereas the CON group maintained usual daily activities. All volunteers underwent anthropometric, body composition, and biochemical assessments at the beginning and end of 12 weeks.Results:After 12 weeks, the NLRT group had increased lean body mass (P < .0001), and a reduction in body fat mass (P < .0001) and body fat percentage (P < .0001). The levels of TC (P < .0001), LDL-c (P = .049), TG (P < .0001), and CRP (P = .004) were reduced, and the HDL-c level increased (P < .0001).ConclusionTwelve weeks of NLRT causes beneficial changes in the body composition, lipid profile, and inflammation markers in PLHIV, and it can be used in this patient population.

scholarly journals Hematological Profile of HIV-Infected Patients on First-Line Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Correlation With CD4 Count

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Jospeh Diamond Princy ◽  
Kshetrimayum Birendra Singh ◽  
Ningthoujam Biplab ◽  
Ningthoukhongjam Reema ◽  
Rajesh Boini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a state of profound immunodeficiency. Disorders of hematopoietic system are a common but often overlooked complication of HIV infection. This can manifest at any stage of the disease but more commonly in the advanced stage with low CD4 count. Anemia is the most common hematological abnormality in HIV patients and prevalence ranges from 1.3 to 95%. As HIV disease progresses, the prevalence and severity of anemia also increase. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the hematological parameters of HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at different treatment durations with the hope to improve the HAART outcome in HIV patients and its correlation with CD4 count. Methods This prospective longitudinal study enrolled 134 HIV-infected patients admitted to or attending the OPD in the Department of Medicine or Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Center (Center of Excellence), Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur, from 2018 to 2020. Complete hemogram, CD4 count, and other related-blood investigations were studied. Results The mean age of the study population was 39.9 ± 11.04 years. Of the 134 patients, 75 (56%) were males and 59 (44%) were females. Twelve (9%) patients had a history of injecting drug use (IDU). TLE (tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz) regimen was started on 112 (83.6%) patients and the majority of them (69/134 [51.5%]) had a CD4 count of 200 to 499 cells/mm3, which increased significantly 6 months after HAART to 99 to 1,149 cells/mm3, with a mean of 445 ± 217 cells/mm3. There were significant improvements in hemoglobin (Hb) levels, total leukocyte count (TLC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) after HAART indicating a positive correlation with CD4 count (p < 0.05). Thrombocytopenia was observed higher after HAART when compared to baseline. There was a positive correlation between platelet count and CD4 count. However, the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) had a negative correlation with CD4 count. Conclusion The study inferred a strong positive correlation between CD4 and Hb levels, TLC, ANC, ALC, and platelet count after HAART with improvement in these values as CD4 count increases. Specific treatment intervention based on the changes in the immunohematological profile trends can help prevent most of the adverse effects on HIV patients in our community.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT REGIMENS ON LIVER ENZYMES IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Adiga Sachidananda Mn ◽  
Adiga Usha S
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Slight Elevation ◽  
The Difference

Objective: Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with highly active antiretroviral therapy is complicated due to its effect on liver enzymes along with associated risk of opportunistic infection and its treatment. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of two zidovudine and lamivudine-based regimens on liver enzymes and to correlate them with age and CD4 count in HIV patients.Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who have received zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine (ZLN) or zidovudine+lamivudine+efavirenz (ZLE) at least for 1 year were included. Baseline, 6-month, and 1-year values of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), and CD4 count were collected. One-way analysis of variance and unpaired t-test were used to compare the difference in AST, ALT, and CD4 count value within basal, 6 months, and 1 year of two group and between the groups, respectively. Pearson’s correlation was used for correlation study.Results: Elevation of AST levels in patients who had received ZLN regimen at different interval was significant statistically. There was a statistically significant elevation of ALT level at 6 months. There was no significant change in AST and ALT values in patients who had received ZLE regimen. Between the two regimens, there was statistically significant difference in AST and ALT values at 6 months and 1 year. There was no correlation between age and CD4 count with liver enzymes.Conclusion: We conclude from the study that nevirapine containing zidovudine regimen showed a slight elevation in AST. The efavirenz regimen did not show a change in AST and ALT.

scholarly journals Overt Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Pseudotumor: A Rare Presentation of Cytomegalovirus Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Agrawal ◽  
Deepanshu Jain ◽  
Sameer Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous organism which can infect multiple organs of the body. In an immunocompromised patient, it can have a myriad of gastrointestinal manifestations. We report a case of recurrent hematochezia and concomitant pseudotumor in an AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) patient attributable to CMV infection. A 62-year-old man with a history of AIDS, noncompliant with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), presented with bright red blood per rectum. Index colonoscopy showed presence of multiple ulcers, colonic stenosis, and mass-like appearing lesion. Biopsy confirmed CMV infection and ruled out malignancy. Cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy and compliance with HAART lead to clinical cessation of bleeding and endoscopic healing of ulcers with complete resolution of colon mass on follow-up colonoscopy.

scholarly journals Examination of Haematotoxicity of Fixed-Dose Highly Active Antiretroviral Drug in Albino Wistar Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Thomas Nubila ◽  
Ernest O. Ukaejiofo ◽  
Nkoyo I. Nubila ◽  
Godfrey I. Okorie
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Significant Difference

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is considered toxic and has other life-threatening side effects. Our aim was to evaluate the haematotoxic effects of lamivudine, zidovudine, and nevirapine fixed-dose combinations in Albino Wistar rats. Fifty (50) three (3) months old male Albino Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were randomly assigned to five (5) groups (A, B, C, D, and E). Group A served as control. Two (2 mLs) of venous blood was aseptically collected on Days 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 of treatment. Red blood cell (RBC) mean value recorded statistically significant increase () in groups B and C when compared with the control group on Day 5. However, there was a statistically significant decrease () in RBC, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and some red cell indices on Day 10. In addition there was no statistically significant difference () in all the parameters evaluated when the test group was compared with the control on Day 25. Furthermore, there was a time-related statistically significant increase () in the two major blood cells—RBC and platelet counts. From the result of this present study, it can be concluded that HAART when administered in fixed-dose combinations have no subacute haematotoxic effects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document