scholarly journals Are Applied Growth Factors Able to Mimic the Positive Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Regeneration of Meniscus in the Avascular Zone?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Zellner ◽  
Christian Dirk Taeger ◽  
Markus Schaffer ◽  
J. Camilo Roldan ◽  
Markus Loibl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Defect Site ◽  
Avascular Zone

Meniscal lesions in the avascular zone are still a problem in traumatology. Tissue Engineering approaches with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showed successful regeneration of meniscal defects in the avascular zone. However, in daily clinical practice, a single stage regenerative treatment would be preferable for meniscus injuries. In particular, clinically applicable bioactive substances or isolated growth factors like platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP7) are in the focus of interest. In this study, the effects of PRP and BMP7 on the regeneration of avascular meniscal defects were evaluated. In vitro analysis showed that PRP secretes multiple growth factors over a period of 8 days. BMP7 enhances the collagen II deposition in an aggregate culture model of MSCs. However applied to meniscal defects PRP or BMP7 in combination with a hyaluronan collagen composite matrix failed to significantly improve meniscus healing in the avascular zone in a rabbit model after 3 months. Further information of the repair mechanism at the defect site is needed to develop special release systems or carriers for the appropriate application of growth factors to support biological augmentation of meniscus regeneration.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Biologic Factors in Shoulder Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Giotis ◽  
Ashkan Aryaei ◽  
Theofanis Vasilakakos ◽  
Nikolaos K. Paschos
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Shoulder Disorders ◽  
Biologic Factors

Background:Shoulder pathology can cause significant pain, discomfort, and loss of function that all interfere with activities of daily living and may lead to poor quality of life. Primary osteoarthritis and rotator cuff diseases with its sequalae are the main culprits. Management of shoulder disorders using biological factors gained an increasing interest over the last years. This interest reveals the need of effective treatments for shoulder degenerative disorders, and highlights the importance of a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the rapidly increasing knowledge in the field.Methods:This study will describe most of the available biology-based strategies that have been recently developed, focusing on their effectiveness in animal and clinical studies.Results:Data fromin vitrowork will also be briefly presented; in order to further elucidate newly acquired knowledge regarding mechanisms of tissue degeneration and repair that would probably drive translational work in the next decade. The role of platelet rich-plasma, growth factors, stem cells and other alternative treatments will be described in an evidence-based approach, in an attempt to provide guidelines for their clinical application. Finally, certain challenges that biologic treatments face today will be described as an initiative for future strategies.Conclusion:The application of different growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells appears as promising approaches for enhancing biologic repair. However, data from clinical studies are still limited, and future studies need to improve understanding of the repair process in cellular and molecular level and evaluate the effectiveness of biologic factors in the management of shoulder disorders.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit Both a Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Effect on Saccular Aneurysm Formation in a Rabbit Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Michael B. Avery ◽  
Brooke L. Belanger ◽  
Amy Bromley ◽  
Arindom Sen ◽  
Alim P. Mitha
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Allogenic Bone ◽  
Aneurysm Formation ◽  
Vehicle Injection ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Several studies have demonstrated a potential interaction between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and saccular aneurysms. In this study, we sought to determine whether allogenic bone marrow-derived MSCs had the ability to prevent aneurysm formation in a known rabbit elastase aneurysm model. MSCs were injected intravenously in experimental rabbits at the time of surgical creation and two weeks postcreation and compared with control rabbits receiving vehicle injection. Angiography was used to compare aneurysm measurements four weeks postcreation, and aneurysms were harvested for histological properties. Serum was collected longitudinally to evaluate cytokine alterations. Serum from control animals was also utilized to perform in vitro tests with MSCs to compare the effect of the serologic environment in animals with and without aneurysms on MSC proliferation and cytokine production. While aneurysm morphometric comparisons revealed no differences, significant cytokine alterations were observed in vitro and in vivo, suggesting both anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory processes were occurring in the presence of MSCs. Histological analyses suggested that tunica intima hyperplasia was inhibited in the presence of MSCs.

scholarly journals Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves the Wound Healing Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Paracrine and Metabolism Alterations

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Hersant ◽  
Mounia Sid-Ahmed ◽  
Laura Braud ◽  
Maud Jourdan ◽  
Yasmine Baba-Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Safe Alternative

Chronic and acute nonhealing wounds represent a major public health problem, and replacement of cutaneous lesions by the newly regenerated skin is challenging. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were separately tested in the attempt to regenerate the lost skin. However, these treatments often remained inefficient to achieve complete wound healing. Additional studies suggested that PRP could be used in combination with MSC to improve the cell therapy efficacy for tissue repair. However, systematic studies related to the effects of PRP on MSC properties and their ability to rebuild skin barrier are lacking. We evaluated in a mouse exhibiting 4 full-thickness wounds, the skin repair ability of a treatment combining human adipose-derived MSC and human PRP by comparison to treatment with saline solution, PRP alone, or MSC alone. Wound healing in these animals was measured at day 3, day 7, and day 10. In addition, we examined in vitro and in vivo whether PRP alters in MSC their proangiogenic properties, their survival, and their proliferation. We showed that PRP improved the efficacy of engrafted MSC to replace lost skin in mice by accelerating the wound healing processes and ameliorating the elasticity of the newly regenerated skin. In addition, we found that PRP treatment stimulated in vitro, in a dose-dependent manner, the proangiogenic potential of MSC through enhanced secretion of soluble factors like VEGF and SDF-1. Moreover, PRP treatment ameliorated the survival and activated the proliferation of in vitro cultured MSC and that these effects were accompanied by an alteration of the MSC energetic metabolism including oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial ATP production. Similar observations were found in vivo following combined administration of PRP and MSC into mouse wounds. In conclusion, our study strengthens that the use of PRP in combination with MSC might be a safe alternative to aid wound healing.

scholarly journals Leukocyte-reduced platelet-rich plasma stimulates the in vitro proliferation of adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells depending on PDGF signaling

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegmund Lang ◽  
Marietta Herrmann ◽  
Christian Pfeifer ◽  
Gero Brockhoff ◽  
Johannes Zellner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Pdgf Signaling

scholarly journals The Differential Effects of Leukocyte-Containing and Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma on Nucleus Pulposus-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Implications for the Clinical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Jia ◽  
Shan-zheng Wang ◽  
Liang-yu Ma ◽  
Jia-bin Yu ◽  
Yu-dong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Stem Cell Markers

Background. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a promising strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration. However, the potential harmful effects of leukocytes in PRP on nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells (NPMSCs) have seldom been studied. This study aimed at comparatively evaluating effects of pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) and leukocyte-containing platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) on rabbit NPMSCs in vitro. Methods. NPMSCs isolated from rabbit NP tissues were treated with L-PRP or P-PRP in vitro, and then cell proliferation and expression of stem cell markers, proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β), production of ECM (extracellular matrix-related protein), and NF-κB p65 protein were validated by CCK-8 assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, and western blot respectively. Results. NPMSCs differentiate into nucleus pulposus-like cells after treatment of PRPs (P-PRP and L-PRP), and NPMSCs exhibited maximum proliferation at a 10% PRP dose. L-PRP had observably higher concentration of leukocytes, TNF-α, and IL-1β than P-PRP. Furthermore, compared to P-PRP, L-PRP induced the differentiated NPMSCs to upregulate the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, enhanced activation of the NF-κB pathway, increased the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-13, and produced less ECM in differentiated NPMSCs. Conclusions. Both P-PRP and L-PRP can induce the proliferation and NP-differentiation of NPMSCs. Compared to L-PRP, P-PRP can avoid the activation of the NF-κB pathway, thus reducing the inflammatory and catabolic responses.

scholarly journals Role of White Blood Cells in Blood- and Bone Marrow-Based Autologous Therapies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
William King ◽  
Krista Toler ◽  
Jennifer Woodell-May
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Negative Results

There has been significant debate over the role of white blood cells (WBCs) in autologous therapies, with several groups suggesting that WBCs are purely inflammatory. Misconceptions in the practice of biologic orthopedics result in the simplified principle that platelets deliver growth factors, WBCs cause inflammation, and the singular value of bone marrow is the stem cells. The aim of this review is to address these common misconceptions which will enable better development of future orthopedic medical devices. WBC behavior is adaptive in nature and, depending on their environment, WBCs can hinder or induce healing. Successful tissue repair occurs when platelets arrive at a wound site, degranulate, and release growth factors and cytokines which, in turn, recruit WBCs to the damaged tissue. Therefore, a key role of even pure platelet-rich plasma is to recruit WBCs to a wound. Bone marrow contains a complex mixture of vascular cells, white blood cells present at much greater concentrations than in blood, and a small number of progenitor cells and stem cells. The negative results observed for WBC-containing autologous therapies in vitro have not translated to human clinical studies. With an enhanced understanding of the complex WBC biology, the next generation of biologics will be more specific, likely resulting in improved effectiveness.

scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: stimulatory effects on proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 308 (7) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Stessuk ◽  
Maria Beatriz Puzzi ◽  
Elinton Adami Chaim ◽  
Paulo César Martins Alves ◽  
Erich Vinicius de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration
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