scholarly journals Maternal Obesity and Occurrence of Fetal Macrosomia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gaudet ◽  
Zachary M. Ferraro ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
Mark Walker
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fetal Macrosomia ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Prepregnancy Weight ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. To determine a precise estimate for the contribution of maternal obesity to macrosomia.Data Sources. The search strategy included database searches in 2011 of PubMed, Medline (In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid Medline, 1950–2011), and EMBASE Classic + EMBASE. Appropriate search terms were used for each database. Reference lists of retrieved articles and review articles were cross-referenced.Methods of Study Selection. All studies that examined the relationship between maternal obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) (pregravid or at 1st prenatal visit) and fetal macrosomia (birth weight ≥4000 g, ≥4500 g, or ≥90th percentile) were considered for inclusion.Tabulation, Integration, and Results. Data regarding the outcomes of interest and study quality were independently extracted by two reviewers. Results from the meta-analysis showed that maternal obesity is associated with fetal overgrowth, defined as birth weight ≥ 4000 g (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.92, 2.45), birth weight ≥4500 g (OR 2.77,95% CI 2.22, 3.45), and birth weight ≥90% ile for gestational age (OR 2.42, 95% CI 2.16, 2.72).Conclusion. Maternal obesity appears to play a significant role in the development of fetal overgrowth. There is a critical need for effective personal and public health initiatives designed to decrease prepregnancy weight and optimize gestational weight gain.

scholarly journals Low birth weight, preterm birth and small for gestational age association with adult depression: systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (5) ◽  
pp. 340-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Loret De Mola ◽  
Giovanny Vinícius Araújo De França ◽  
Luciana de Avila Quevedo ◽  
Bernardo Lessa Horta
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Depression ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThere is no consensus on the effects that low birth weight, premature birth and intrauterine growth have on later depression.AimsTo review systematically the evidence on the relationship of low birth weight, smallness for gestational age (SGA) and premature birth with adult depression.MethodWe searched the literature for original studies assessing the effect of low birth weight, premature birth and SGA on adult depression. Separate meta-analyses were carried out for each exposure using random and fixed effects models. We evaluated the contribution of methodological covariates to heterogeneity using meta-regression.ResultsWe identified 14 studies evaluating low birth weight, 9 premature birth and 4 SGA. Low birth weight increased the odds of depression (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.21–1.60). Premature birth and SGA were not associated with depression, but publication bias might have underestimated the effect of the former and only four studies evaluated SGA.ConclusionsLow birth weight was associated with depression. Future studies evaluating premature birth and SGA are needed.

scholarly journals Specificity of Future Thinking in Depression: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau Gamble ◽  
David Moreau ◽  
Lynette J. Tippett ◽  
Donna Rose Addis
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Thinking ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
The Relationship

Reduced specificity of autobiographical memory has been well established in depression, but whether this ‘overgenerality’ extends to future thinking has not been the focus of a meta-analysis. Following a preregistered protocol, we searched six electronic databases, Google Scholar, personal libraries, and contacted authors in the field for studies matching search terms related to depression, future thinking, and specificity. We reduced an initial 7,332 results to 46 included studies, with 89 effect sizes and 4,813 total participants. Random effects meta-analytic modelling revealed a small but robust correlation between reduced future specificity and higher levels of depression (r = .13, p < .001). Of the 11 moderator variables examined, the most striking effects related to the emotional valence of future thinking (p < .001) and the sex of participants (p = .025). Namely, depression was linked to reduced specificity for positive (but not negative or neutral) future thinking, and the relationship was stronger in samples with a higher proportion of males. This meta-analysis contributes to our understanding of how prospection is altered in depression and dysphoria and, by revealing areas where current evidence is inconclusive, highlights key avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Specificity of Future Thinking in Depression: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 816-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau Gamble ◽  
David Moreau ◽  
Lynette J. Tippett ◽  
Donna Rose Addis
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Thinking ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
The Relationship

Reduced specificity of autobiographical memory has been well established in depression, but whether this overgenerality extends to future thinking has not been the focus of a meta-analysis. Following a preregistered protocol, we searched six electronic databases, Google Scholar, and personal libraries and contacted authors in the field for studies matching search terms related to depression, future thinking, and specificity. We reduced an initial 7,332 results to 46 included studies, with 89 effect sizes and 4,813 total participants. Random-effects meta-analytic modeling revealed a small but robust correlation between reduced future specificity and higher levels of depression ( r = −.13, p < .001). Of the 11 moderator variables examined, the most striking effects were related to the emotional valence of future thinking ( p < .001) and the sex of participants ( p = .025). Namely, depression was linked to reduced specificity for positive (but not negative or neutral) future thinking, and the relationship was stronger in samples with a higher proportion of males. This meta-analysis contributes to our understanding of how prospection is altered in depression and dysphoria and, by revealing areas where current evidence is inconclusive, highlights key avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Polyunsaturated and Trans Fatty Acids During Pregnancy and Offspring Weight Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Ren ◽  
Birgitta Lind Vilhjálmsdóttir ◽  
Jeanett Friis Rohde ◽  
Karen Christina Walker ◽  
Suzanne Elizabeth Runstedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Neonatal Blood ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Term Studies

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) may have an impact on offspring weight development. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines to evaluate whether levels of these fatty acids during pregnancy influenced offspring weight development. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with DHA and/or EPA supplementation or cohort studies, which examined levels of DHA, EPA, or TFAs in maternal or neonatal blood samples and recorded offspring weight, were included. Overall, 27 RCTs and 14 observational studies were identified. The results showed that DHA and/or EPA supplementation doses &gt;650 mg/day resulted in slightly higher birth weight (MD 87.5 g, 95% CI 52.3–122.6, n = 3,831) and combined BMI and BMI z score at 5–10 years (SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.04–0.18, n = 3,220). These results were rated as moderate quality. Results from the observational studies were generally inconsistent. High TFA levels during pregnancy seemed to be associated with lower birth weight. Finally, this review and meta-analysis supports a relationship between high maternal or neonatal DHA and/or EPA levels and higher offspring birth weight and weight in childhood. More high-quality long-term studies are still needed.

scholarly journals Effects of Acute Heat and Cold Exposures at Rest or during Exercise on Subsequent Energy Intake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3424
Author(s):  
Juliette Millet ◽  
Julien Siracusa ◽  
Pierre-Emmanuel Tardo-Dino ◽  
David Thivel ◽  
Nathalie Koulmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Small Decrease ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Rest And Exercise

The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of acute heat/cold exposure on subsequent energy intake (EI) in adults. We searched the following sources for publications on this topic: PubMed, Ovid Medline, Science Direct and SPORTDiscus. The eligibility criteria for study selection were: randomized controlled trials performed in adults (169 men and 30 women; 20–52 years old) comparing EI at one or more meals taken ad libitum, during and/or after exposure to heat/cold and thermoneutral conditions. One of several exercise sessions could be realized before or during thermal exposures. Two of the thirteen studies included examined the effect of heat (one during exercise and one during exercise and at rest), eight investigated the effect of cold (six during exercise and two at rest), and three the effect of both heat and cold (two during exercise and one at rest). The meta-analysis revealed a small increase in EI in cold conditions (g = 0.44; p = 0.019) and a small decrease in hot conditions (g = −0.39, p = 0.022) for exposure during both rest and exercise. Exposures to heat and cold altered EI in opposite ways, with heat decreasing EI and cold increasing it. The effect of exercise remains unclear.

scholarly journals Services and Interventions for People who are Homeless with Companion Animals (Pets)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Laura McCosker ◽  
Martin J. Downes ◽  
Annick Maujean ◽  
Natalie Hill
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Pet Ownership ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship

Background Many people who are homeless own a companion animal (a ‘pet’). Pet ownership has positive impacts on health and wellbeing. However, for people who are homeless, pet ownership also creates multiple challenges and may be a barrier to exiting homelessness. This systematic review will identify the types, and outcomes, of services and interventions to support people who are homeless with pets. Methods This review will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches will be undertaken on five databases. Combinations of search terms and subject headings or index terms will be used. Citation chaining and citation tracking will also be undertaken. Literature will be screened for relevance in a two-step process. Each study will be quality assessed using an evidence-based tool relevant to its methods. Relevant data will be extracted and synthesised using a meta-analytic, or narrative, approach. Discussion This review will address an identified gap in the knowledge about the types, and outcomes, of services/interventions for people who are homeless with pets. The results may increase recognition about the importance of protecting and promoting the relationship between people who are homeless and their pets, and inform future work.

scholarly journals Impact of Toothbrush Age on Clinical Indicators of Oral Health, a Protocol for a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Zayandeh ◽  
Zahra Yaghoubi ◽  
Kosar Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Manual Toothbrush ◽  
Heterogeneity Variance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Dental caries is the most common chronic untreated disease worldwide. The simplest and most important factor in preventing dental caries is maintaining oral hygiene and removing microbial plaque using a toothbrush. Despite the relationship between toothbrush filament wear and plaque removal effectiveness as a potentially important factor in maintaining oral health, there is little objective standard evidence as to 1) what constitutes a worn-out brush and 2) the degree of loss in plaque removal effectiveness due to brush wear. Contradictions in the results of studies on toothbrushing and the loss of its effectiveness in removing plaque based on the time spent using the toothbrush have led to conflicting recommendations for changing toothbrushes after different periods. While some studies generally question the relationship between toothbrush age and effectiveness. The lack of comprehensive evidence in this area necessitates a structured review study.Methods: We will search the electronic databases ISI, Scopus, and PubMed to find related articles. Our main inclusion criterion is Clinical trial and observational studies investigating manual toothbrush longevity in the natural toothbrush-worn model on each objective indicator of oral health (including plaque removal and gingival indices ...). All funded citations are entered into the Endnote software. the full texts of potentially relevant studies are prepared. study selection and extracting the data will be performed by two reviewers. Also, the studies quality will be assessed. The findings will be displayed using figures, summary tables and narrative summaries. If the similarity of studies and their quality is desirable, meta-analysis will be performed. We will assess the heterogeneity on the bias of the magnitude of heterogeneity variance parameter. We are also going to conduct subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis if needed.Discussion: The final systematic review highlights the gaps in the available evidence about the effectiveness of toothbrush longevity on each oral indices to provide the best recommendation for toothbrush renewal periods. Registration: The review subject has been submitted in PROSPERO database

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of the relationship between antidepressant use in pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang Huang ◽  
Shane Coleman ◽  
Jeffrey A. Bridge ◽  
Kimberly Yonkers ◽  
Wayne Katon
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antidepressant Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Relationship between childhood adversity and bipolar affective disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Palmier-Claus ◽  
K. Berry ◽  
S. Bucci ◽  
W. Mansell ◽  
F. Varese
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe relationship between childhood adversity and bipolar affective disorder remains unclear.AimsTo understand the size and significance of this effect through a statistical synthesis of reported research.MethodSearch terms relating to childhood adversity and bipolar disorder were entered into Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Eligible studies included a sample diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a comparison sample and a quantitative measure of childhood adversity.ResultsIn 19 eligible studies childhood adversity was 2.63 times (95% CI 2.00–3.47) more likely to have occurred in bipolar disorder compared with non-clinical controls. The effect of emotional abuse was particularly robust (OR = 4.04, 95% CI 3.12–5.22), but rates of adversity were similar to those in psychiatric controls.ConclusionsChildhood adversity is associated with bipolar disorder, which has implications for the treatment of this clinical group. Further prospective research could clarify temporal causality and explanatory mechanisms.

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