scholarly journals A Case-Control Study on Risk Factors for Preterm Deliveries in a Secondary Care Hospital, Southern India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chythra R. Rao ◽  
Lara E. E. de Ruiter ◽  
Parvati Bhat ◽  
Veena Kamath ◽  
Asha Kamath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Control Study

Introduction. Preterm birth is the leading cause of newborn deaths and the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. Three-quarters of them could be saved with current, cost-effective interventions. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of preterm birth in a secondary care hospital in Southern India. Methods. In the case-control study, records of 153 antenatal women with preterm birth were included as cases. Age matched controls were women who had a live birth after 37 weeks of gestational age. Gestational age at delivery and associated risk factors were analyzed. Results. The preterm birth rate was 5.8%. Common risk factors associated with preterm birth were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (21.4%), height <1.50 m (16.8%), premature rupture of membranes (17.5%), and fetal distress (14.9%). Mean birth weight for preterm babies was 2452 grams while the birth weight for term babies was 2978 grams. Conclusion. The commonest obstetrical risk factor for preterm birth was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and nonobstetrical risk factor was height <1.50 m. The percentage of preterm birth was low, comparable to developing countries.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy in Brazilian Children: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Valerius da Silva Peixoto ◽  
Andrezza Marques Duque ◽  
Allan Dantas dos Santos ◽  
Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima ◽  
Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Brazilian Children

ABSTRACTBackgroundCerebral palsy is the main cause of physical disability in childhood.ObjectivesThis study analyzed prenatal and perinatal risk factors that contribute to cerebral palsy in Brazilian children.MethodsA case-control study was conducted with 2- to 10-year-old children in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. The cases were population-based, selected from the Primary Health Care services. The controls were selected from the database of the Brazilian Live Births Information System. Controls were paired with cases by gender, year, and hospital of birth.ResultsA total of 570 participants (114 cases and 456 controls) were studied. Most of the participants were male, with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Among the prenatal factors examined, the presence of congenital anomalies was significantly different between cases and controls (OR = 54.28, [95% CI 12.55, 234.86]). The analysis of perinatal factors revealed significant differences between cases and controls in low birth weight (OR = 3.8, [95% CI 2.34, 6.16]), preterm birth (OR = 2.31, [95% CI 1.41, 3.80]), and low Apgar scores (OR = 14.73, [95% CI 5.27, 41.15]).ConclusionsThe main prenatal and perinatal factors associated with cerebral palsy in our population were congenital anomalies, low Apgar scores, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The perinatal period had more risk factors, demanding a deeper study of their causes and of possible preventive measures.

scholarly journals Risk factors for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Abuja, Nigeria: A prospective case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
MalachyEmeka Ayogu ◽  
GodwinOtuodichinma Akaba ◽  
RichardA Offiong ◽  
NathanielD Adewole ◽  
BissalahAhmed Ekele
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in Nekemte referral hospital, from July 2015 to June 2017, Ethiopia: case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leta Hinkosa ◽  
Almaz Tamene ◽  
Negeso Gebeyehu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Positive History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Hypertension is the most common medical problem encountered in pregnancy and is a leading cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. However, its magnitude and risk factors yet not adequately assessed at the study area. Methods Facility-based retrospective unmatched case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors associated with Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Nekemte Referral Hospital just two years back from study period July 1, 2015, to June 30, 2017. Bivariate logistic regression was considered for inclusion in to the multivariate logistic regression. Finally, multi varaite analysis were done to identify risk factors of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Results Among 6826 total delivery records from July 2015 –June 2017, 199 women developed hypertension during pregnancy. Among 199 women 153(76.9%) were pre-eclampsia/eclampsia,28(14.1%) were gestational hypertension, 14(0.7%) were superimposed hypertension and 4 (2.9%) were chronic hypertension. Age ≥ 35 (AOR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.83), rural residential area (AOR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.150, 2.799), prim gravida (AOR: 3.39, 95% CI: 2.16, 5.33), null parity (AOR: 4.35, 95% CI: 2.36, 8.03), positive history of abortion (AOR: 4.39, 95% CI: 1.64, 11.76), twin pregnancy (AOR: 3.78, 95% CI: 1.52, 9.39), lack of ANC follow up (AOR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.56, 5.96) as well as positive pre-existing hypertension (AOR: 3.81, 95% CI: 1.69, 8.58), positive family history of hypertension (AOR: 5.04, 95% CI: 2.66, 9.56) and positive history of diabetes mellitus (AOR: 5.03, 95% CI: 1.59, 15.89) were risk factors for hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Conclusion This study found that Women with hypertension during pregnancy have a greater risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcome as compared to normotensive pregnant women. so, identification of these risk factors would be useful for early diagnosis of hypertension disorders during pregnancy to give appropriate clinical monitoring and treatments and timely managing maternal and perinatal complications.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for ischemic stroke: a case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar Singh ◽  
Jayanti Semwal ◽  
Deep Shikha ◽  
Yashpal Singh ◽  
Dheeraj Bansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: In developed countries, stroke is the third most common cause of mortality, following cancer and coronary heart disease. The increase risk is often seen in individuals with diabetes and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes (including higher mortality). That’s why assessment of risk factors for stroke are important.Methods: This age and sex matched hospital based case control study assessed the risk factors of ischemic stroke in tertiary care hospital for a period of one year. Sample size was calculated for matched case control (1:1 ratio) by n-master software and came out to be 189 pairs. All patients under WHO case definition were enrolled as cases for study purpose, controls were selected from the same hospital with disease other than stroke. Analysis was conducted through calculation of odd ratio (OR) and confidence internal (CI) by using SPSS 22.0 program. Odds ratio (OR) of risk factor was calculated using bivariate analysis.Results: Results revealed that male: female ratio among the case and control was 2.1:1, mean age of case and control were 58.86±13.03 and 58.21±12.67. Out of 189 Case, 59 (31.2%) were suffering from diabetes, while only 39 (20.6%) controls were having diabetes mellitus. P value was 0.02, which is significant.Conclusions: In the present hospital based case control study, it was found that diabetes mellitus was a significant risk factor among the ischemic stroke patients.

scholarly journals Determinants of Preterm Birth among Mothers Who Gave Birth in Dilla University Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dagmawit Wakeyo ◽  
Yohannes Addisu ◽  
Moges Mareg
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Globally, every year, 1.1 million newborns die due to prematurity. In Ethiopia, 320,000 preterm births occur each year; out of these, 24,400 deaths were due to preterm complications. However, there is little evidence about preterm birth in the study area. Therefore, this study provides an important direction for health professionals, health programmers, and researchers. A facility-based unmatched case-control study design was employed among 244 women (61 cases and 183 controls) who gave birth in Dilla University Referral Hospital and were selected with purposive sampling. The bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model was used to select independent predictors of preterm birth. The multivariate analysis was used, and the results were interpreted using an adjusted odds ratio at 95% confidence interval and statistically significant level at a P value less than 0.05. A total of 240 mothers (60 cases and 180 controls) were included in the study with a 98.3% response rate. Factors like attending secondary educational and above [adjusted odd ratio aOR = 0.07 (0.08-0.65)] and attending antenatal care [ aOR = 0.41 (0.18-0.93)] were protective whereas having urinary tract infection [ aOR = 3.6 (1.1-11)], having human immune virus diseases [ aOR = 4.2 (0.9-18)], having a history of abortion [ aOR = 2.3 (1.1-5)], having a history of preterm delivery [ aOR = 5 (1.6-15)], and having hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [ aOR = 5 (1.9-13)] were significantly associated risk factors for preterm birth. The main determinant factors for preterm birth are having antenatal care follow-up, attending secondary education and above, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, having HIV/AIDS, and history of abortion. This shows a need to strengthen female education; screen mothers for HIV/AIDS, urinary tract infection, and hypertension; and strengthen nutritional counseling, during ANC visits.

scholarly journals Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with Low-Birth-Weight Neonates in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Rajesh Hadia ◽  
Riya Gandhi ◽  
Padmja Dave ◽  
Niyati Patel ◽  
Dhaval Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is still a significant public health problem globally and is associated with a range of both short- and long-term consequences. Overall, it is estimated that 15% to 20% of all births worldwide are low birth weight, representing more than 20 million births a year. Objective: We aimed the study to assess the risk factors associated with low-birth-weight neonates in a rural tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A prospective observational Case-Control Study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dhiraj Hospital, Vadodara with the sample of 240 women who were admitted for the delivery. The patient interview was done based on the questionnaires (Proforma). Results: Area of residence, Parent's education, Anaemia among pregnant women, Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) less than 23 cm, Maternal age, and antenatal visits <4 were found as significant risk factors associated with low birth weight in the study. Study findings suggest that 91.3% of cases were from rural areas compared to 71% of controls from the same area. Similarly, Anaemia though prevalent in both case and control groups was seen as a significant predictor more in the case group. Other factors such as parity, spacing between babies, and consumption of drugs and alcohol by pregnant others were also recorded but were protective of LBW. Conclusions: The study concluded that delay age of first pregnancy, lacking iron/folic acid supplementation, not taking nutritional food during pregnancy, anemia and other factors were independently associated with LBW.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy in Brazilian Children: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e35710515075
Author(s):  
Marcus Valerius da Silva Peixoto ◽  
Andrezza Marques Duque ◽  
Allan Dantas dos Santos ◽  
Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima ◽  
Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Brazilian Children

Background: Cerebral palsy is the main cause of physical disability in childhood. Objectives: This study analyzed prenatal and perinatal risk factors that contribute to cerebral palsy in Brazilian children. Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 2- to 10-year-old children in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. The cases were population-based, selected from the Primary Health Care services. The controls were selected from the database of the Brazilian Live Births Information System. Controls were paired with cases by gender, year, and hospital of birth. Results: A total of 570 participants (114 cases and 456 controls) were studied. Most of the participants were male, with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Among the prenatal factors examined, the presence of congenital anomalies was significantly different between cases and controls (OR = 54.28, [95% CI 12.55, 234.86]). The analysis of perinatal factors revealed significant differences between cases and controls in low birth weight (OR = 3.8, [95% CI 2.34, 6.16]), preterm birth (OR = 2.31, [95% CI 1.41, 3.80]), and low Apgar scores (OR = 14.73, [95% CI 5.27, 41.15]). Conclusions: The main prenatal and perinatal factors associated with cerebral palsy in our population were congenital anomalies, low Apgar scores, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The perinatal period had more risk factors, demanding a deeper study of their causes and of possible preventive measures.

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