scholarly journals Can We Improve Parents’ Management of their Children’S Postoperative Pain at Home?

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. e115-e123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill MacLaren Chorney ◽  
Alison Twycross ◽  
Katherine Mifflin ◽  
Karen Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Pain Education ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Parent Management ◽  
At Home

BACKGROUND: Thousands of children undergo surgery each year, and a shift toward same-day surgeries and decreased lengths of hospital stay results in parents being increasingly responsible for their child’s postoperative care. Recent studies have tested interventions designed to improve parent management of their children’s postoperative pain at home, but progress in this area has been limited by a lack of synthesis of these findings.OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of interventions aimed at improving parent management of children’s postoperative pain at home.METHODS: Articles evaluating interventions to improve management of their children’s postoperative pain were identified using a library scientist-designed search strategy applied in EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Two independent raters assessed each study for eligibility and extracted data.RESULTS: Of the 147 articles identified for the review, eight met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included pain education, training in pain assessment, education on distraction, instruction in around-the-clock dosing and nurse coaching. Overall, results of comparisons of pain intensity and analgesic administration were modest. The intervention with the largest effect size was instruction in around-the-clock dosing, either alone or in combination with nurse coaching. Results of studies investigating pain assessment, pain education and distraction trials revealed small to medium effect sizes.CONCLUSIONS: Results of trials investigating interventions to improve parent management of their children’s postoperative pain at home were modest. Future studies should further examine barriers and facilitators to pain management to design more effective interventions.

scholarly journals Telerehabilitation assessment domains and process in chronic diseases: a scoping meta-review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blandine Chapel ◽  
François Alexandre ◽  
Nelly Heraud ◽  
Roxana Ologeanu-Taddei ◽  
Anne-Sophie Cases ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Meta Review

Abstract Background Telerehabilitation (TR) interventions are receiving increasing attention. They have been evaluated in various scientific areas through systematic reviews. However, there is a lack of data on how to standardize assessment and report on their domains to guide researchers across studies and bring together the best evidence to assess TR for chronic diseases.Aims and Objectives The aim of this study is to identify domains of assessment in TR and to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze how they are examined to gain an overview of assessment in chronic disease and understand the complexity of TR interventions.Methods A scoping meta-review was carried out on 9 databases and gray literature from 2009 to 2019. The keyword search strategy was based on "telerehabilitation", “evaluation", “chronic disease" and their synonyms. All articles were subjected to qualitative analysis using the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Core Model prior to further analysis and narrative synthesis.Results Among the 7412 identified articles, 80 studies met the inclusion criteria. Regarding the domains of assessment, the most frequently occurring were “social aspect” (n = 63, 79%) (e.g., effects on behavioral changes) and “clinical efficacy” (n = 53, 66%), and the least frequently occurring was “safety aspects” (n= 2, 3%). We also identified the phases of TR in which the assessment was conducted and found that it most commonly occurred in the pilot study and randomized trial phases and least commonly occurred in the design, pretest, and postintervention phases.Conclusions Through the HTA model, this scoping meta-review highlighted the multidisciplinarity and comprehensiveness of TR assessment in the recent literature. Future studies will benefit from approaches that leverage the best evidence regarding the assessment of TR interventions, and it will be interesting to extend this assessment framework to other chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Congruence between nurses' and patients' assessment of postoperative pain: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-220
Author(s):  
Sarah Wooldridge ◽  
Jonathan Branney
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Education Interventions ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Postoperative pain remains poorly managed for many patients. Effective pain management begins with accurate pain assessment, with patient self-reporting considered the most accurate measure of pain. This literature review aimed to identify how congruent nurses' assessments of pain were with patients' self-reporting. A search identified six observational studies and one quasi-experimental study that met the inclusion criteria. The findings from these studies were summarised under two themes: nurses' underestimation of patients' pain and nurses' knowledge and understanding of pain assessment. Some nurses' pain management knowledge was deemed inadequate, with evidence of negative attitudes towards managing pain in certain groups of patients. Educational interventions have so far had limited impact on correcting the ethical and professional problem of inadequate pain relief in many patients postoperatively. Randomised controlled trials are required to identify effective education interventions that can contribute to ending this avoidable suffering.

Parent management of children’s postoperative pain

2014 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Brooke Nicole Jenkins ◽  
Michelle A Fortier ◽  
Zeev N Kain
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Parent Management

Microvascular Transposition Without Teflon: A Single Institution's 17-Year Experience Treating Trigeminal Neuralgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-405
Author(s):  
Andrew R Pines ◽  
Richard J Butterfield ◽  
Evelyn L Turcotte ◽  
Jose O Garcia ◽  
Noel De Lucia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Trigeminal Nerve Root

Abstract BACKGROUND Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) refractory to medical management is often treated with microvascular decompression (MVD) involving the intracranial placement of Teflon. The placement of Teflon is an effective treatment, but does apply distributed pressure to the nerve and has been associated with pain recurrence. OBJECTIVE To report the rate of postoperative pain recurrence in TN patients who underwent MVD surgery using a transposition technique with fibrin glue without Teflon. METHODS Patients were eligible for our study if they were diagnosed with TN, did not have multiple sclerosis, and had an offending vessel that was identified and transposed with fibrin glue at our institution. All eligible patients were given a follow-up survey. We used a Kaplan-Meier (KM) model to estimate overall pain recurrence. RESULTS A total of 102 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 85 (83%) responded to our survey. Overall, 76 (89.4%) participants responded as having no pain recurrence. Approximately 1-yr pain-free KM estimates were 94.1% (n = 83), 5-yr pain-free KM estimates were 94.1% (n = 53), and 10-yr pain-free KM estimates were 83.0% (n = 23). CONCLUSION Treatment for TN with an MVD transposition technique using fibrin glue may avoid some cases of pain recurrence. The percentage of patients in our cohort who remained pain free at a maximum of 17 yr follow-up is on the high end of pain-free rates reported by MVD studies using Teflon. These results indicate that a transposition technique that emphasizes removing any compression near the trigeminal nerve root provides long-term pain-free rates for patients with TN.

Using an App to monitor postoperative pain at home in pediatric patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352091931
Author(s):  
Emanuela Tiozzo ◽  
Valentina Biagioli ◽  
Matilde Brancaccio ◽  
Riccardo Ricci ◽  
Anna Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

A prospective comparative study was conducted in 487 pediatric patients (69% male, mean age = 6.4 ± 4.0) to evaluate (a) the incidence, intensity, and characteristics of pain in pediatric patients at home during the first 24 hours and 5 days after surgery and (b) the factors associated with higher pain intensity, including the impact of an application (App) compared to the paper-and-pencil approach. Postoperative pain was assessed by patients or their parents at home using the ‘Bambino Gesù’ Children’s Hospital (Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, OPBG) tool for participants aged 4–17 years or the Faces, Legs, Arms, Cry, and Consolability scale for participants less than four years old. Participants were assigned to two groups: those who used the paper-and-pencil version of the pain scale and those who used the App. Overall, 209 of the 472 (44%) participants reported pain during the first 24 hours, and 92 of the 420 (22%) reported pain between one and five days after surgery. Higher pain intensity scores were associated with being in the App group, directly assessing own pain, and using the OPBG tool. The App was effective in facilitating pain assessment. Health professionals could empower pediatric patients and their parents in assessing pain at home through a dedicated App.

scholarly journals The prevention of – and first response to – injuries in Nepal: a review of policies and legislation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspa Raj Pant ◽  
Julie Mytton ◽  
Milan Raj Dharel ◽  
Amrit Dangi ◽  
Writu Bhatta Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Current System ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
First Response ◽  
Critical Policy ◽  
Federal Governance

AbstractBackgroundInjuries, the cause of an estimated 4.5 million deaths annually and many more disabilities worldwide each year, are the predictable outcome of particular circumstances. One of the most effective ways to prevent injuries is through policy and legislation. The aim of this research study was to identify and critically review all policy and legislation in Nepal that had the potential to prevent injuries.MethodsWe identified legislation and policy that met inclusion criteria through a stakeholder meeting, networks and contacts, and websites and electronic resources. Each included document was critically reviewed to identify areas of strength and opportunities for improvement. We compared the included documents against WHO’s recommendations of known effective interventions.ResultsSixty-two documents met the inclusion criteria for this review. Of these, 24 (38.7%) were exclusively related to road injuries, 11 (17.7%) to occupational injuries, 6 (9.7%) to injuries in the home and 5 (8.1%) to injuries at school; 30 (48.4%) documents included text related to the first response to injuries. Of 127 strategic recommendations by WHO that provided an area for policy or legislative focus, 21 (16.5%) were considered adequately met by Nepali policy and legislation, 43 (33.9%) were considered partially met and 63 (49.6%) were not met.ConclusionWe drew five conclusions from this critical policy review, which we have related to recommendations as follows: widening the scope of legislation and policy for injury prevention to emphasize injuries occurring at home or school; addressing the causes of injuries and promoting proven preventive measures; greater clarity on both individual and institutional roles and responsibilities; trustworthy data and quality evidence to inform decision-making; and financial investment and capacity-strengthening for injury prevention and first response. The current system of federal governance in Nepal has potential for strengthening injury prevention and first response at the central, provincial and local levels.

scholarly journals The Postoperative Pain Assessment Skills Pilot Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McGillion ◽  
Adam Dubrowski ◽  
Robyn Stremler ◽  
Judy Watt-Watson ◽  
Fiona Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Standardized Patients ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Pain Beliefs ◽  
Assessment Skills ◽  
Deteriorating Patient

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Pain-related misbeliefs among health care professionals (HCPs) are common and contribute to ineffective postoperative pain assessment. While standardized patients (SPs) have been effectively used to improve HCPs’ assessment skills, not all centres have SP programs. The present equivalence randomized controlled pilot trial examined the efficacy of an alternative simulation method – deteriorating patient-based simulation (DPS) – versus SPs for improving HCPs’ pain knowledge and assessment skills.METHODS: Seventy-two HCPs were randomly assigned to a 3 h SP or DPS simulation intervention. Measures were recorded at baseline, immediate postintervention and two months postintervention. The primary outcome was HCPs’ pain assessment performance as measured by the postoperative Pain Assessment Skills Tool (PAST). Secondary outcomes included HCPs knowledge of pain-related misbeliefs, and perceived satisfaction and quality of the simulation. These outcomes were measured by the Pain Beliefs Scale (PBS), the Satisfaction with Simulated Learning Scale (SSLS) and the Simulation Design Scale (SDS), respectively. Student’sttests were used to test for overall group differences in postintervention PAST, SSLS and SDS scores. One-way analysis of covariance tested for overall group differences in PBS scores.RESULTS: DPS and SP groups did not differ on post-test PAST, SSLS or SDS scores. Knowledge of pain-related misbeliefs was also similar between groups.CONCLUSIONS: These pilot data suggest that DPS is an effective simulation alternative for HCPs’ education on postoperative pain assessment, with improvements in performance and knowledge comparable with SP-based simulation. An equivalence trial to examine the effectiveness of deteriorating patient-based simulation versus standardized patients is warranted.

scholarly journals Assessment of pain during rest and during activities in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Coelho de Mello ◽  
Silvio Fernando Castro Rosatti ◽  
Priscilla Hortense
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
Surgical Recovery ◽  
Over Time

OBJECTIVE: to assess the intensity and site of pain after Cardiac Surgery through sternotomy during rest and while performing five activities. METHOD: descriptive study with a prospective cohort design. A total of 48 individuals participated in the study. A Multidimensional Scale for Pain Assessment was used. RESULTS: postoperative pain from cardiac surgery was moderate during rest and decreased over time. Pain was also moderate during activities performed on the 1st and 2nd postoperative days and decreased from the 3rd postoperative day, with the exception of coughing, which diminished only on the 6th postoperative day. Coughing, turning over, deep breathing and rest are presented in decreased order of intensity. The region of the sternum was the most frequently reported site of pain. CONCLUSION: the assessment of pain in the individuals who underwent cardiac surgery during rest and during activities is extremely important to adapt management and avoid postoperative complications and delayed surgical recovery.

scholarly journals Multimodal spatio-temporal deep learning approach for neonatal postoperative pain assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 104150
Author(s):  
Md Sirajus Salekin ◽  
Ghada Zamzmi ◽  
Dmitry Goldgof ◽  
Rangachar Kasturi ◽  
Thao Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Knowledge translation and process improvement interventions increased pain assessment documentation in a large quaternary paediatric post-anaesthesia care unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e000319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stocki ◽  
Conor McDonnell ◽  
Gail Wong ◽  
Gloria Kotzer ◽  
Kelly Shackell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Process Improvement ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Pain Intensity Score ◽  
Chart Audit ◽  
Anaesthetic Care ◽  
Pacu Stay

BackgroundDue to inadequate pain assessment documentation in our paediatric post-anaesthetic care unit (PACU), we were unable to monitor pain intensity, and target factors contributing to moderate and severe postoperative pain in children. The purpose of this study was to improve pain assessment documentation in PACU through a process improvement intervention and knowledge translation (KT) strategy. The study was set in a PACU within a large university affiliated paediatric hospital. Participants included PACU and Acute Pain Service nursing staff, administrative staff and anaesthesiologists.MethodsThe Plan–Do–Study-Act method of quality improvement was used. Benchmark data were obtained by chart review of 99 patient medical records prior to interventions. Data included pain assessment documentation (pain intensity score, use of validated pain intensity measure) during PACU stay. Repeat chart audit took place at 4, 5 and 6 months after the intervention.InterventionKey informant interviews were conducted to identify barriers to pain assessment documentation. A process improvement was implemented whereby the PACU flowsheets were modified to facilitate pain assessment documentation. KT strategy was implemented to increase awareness of pain assessment documentation and to provide the knowledge, skill and judgement to support this practice. The KT strategy was directed at PACU nursing staff and comprised education outreach (educational meetings for PACU nurses, discussions at daily huddles), reminders (screensavers, bedside posters, email reminders) and feedback of audit results.ResultsThe proportion of charts that included at least one documented pain assessment was 69%. After intervention, pain assessment documentation increased to >90% at 4 and 5 months, respectively, and to 100% after 6 months.ConclusionAfter implementing process improvement and KT interventions, pain assessment documentation improved. Additional work is needed in several key areas, specifically monitoring moderate to severe pain, in order to target factors contributing to significant postoperative pain in children.

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