scholarly journals Influence of Orthodontic Rapid Maxillary Expansion on Nocturnal Enuresis in Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Hyla-Klekot ◽  
Marek Truszel ◽  
Andrzej Paradysz ◽  
Lidia Postek-Stefańska ◽  
Marcin Życzkowski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Group B

Background. The etiology of nocturnal enuresis (NE) is multifactorial and has not been fully explained yet. New ways of treatment are constantly being investigated, including the rapid maxillary expansion (RME).Methods. A total of 41 patients diagnosed with NE were divided into two experimental groups: A and B. Group A included 16 children who have been treated with RME. Group B comprised 25 children who have not undertaken orthodontic treatment. Children from both groups have been monitored in monthly intervals, during a 12-month period, towards the intensification of NE. The comparative analysis of both groups has been conducted after 3 years of observation.Results. Statistical analysis has shown a 4.5 times increase of the probability of reduction of NE in the case of the treated group in comparison with the group of children who have not undergone orthodontic treatment. Unfortunately, the chance of obtaining total dryness diminished proportionally to the higher degree of intensification of enuresis at the beginning of the test.Conclusion. RME can constitute an alternative method of NE treatment in children, irrespective of the occurrence of upper jaw narrowing.

scholarly journals Pain and discomfort during the first week of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) using two different RME appliances: A randomized controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingalill Feldmann ◽  
Farhan Bazargani
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Analgesic Consumption ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Jaw Function ◽  
Group B ◽  
Median Pain ◽  
Hyrax Appliance

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate and compare perceived pain intensity, discomfort, and jaw function impairment during the first week with tooth-borne or tooth-bone–borne rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four patients (28 girls and 26 boys) with a mean age of 9.8 years (SD 1.28 years) were randomized into two groups. Group A received a conventional hyrax appliance and group B a hybrid hyrax appliance anchored on mini-implants in the anterior palate. Questionnaires were used to assess pain intensity, discomfort, analgesic consumption, and jaw function impairment on the first and fourth days after RME appliance insertion. Results: Fifty patients answered both questionnaires. Overall median pain on the first day in treatment was 13.0 (range 0–82) and 3.5 (0–78) for groups A and B, respectively, with no significant differences in pain, discomfort, analgesic consumption, or functional jaw impairment between groups. Overall median pain on the fourth day was 9.0 (0–90) and 2.0 (0–71) for groups A and B, respectively, with no significant differences between groups. There were also no significant differences in pain levels within group A, while group B scored significantly lower concerning pain from molars and incisors and tensions from the jaw on day 4 than on the first day in treatment. There was a significant positive correlation between age and pain and discomfort on the fourth day in treatment. No correlations were found between sex and pain and discomfort, analgesic consumption, and jaw function impairment. Conclusions: Both tooth-borne and tooth-bone–borne RME were generally well tolerated by the patients during the first week of treatment.

scholarly journals A Randomized Clinical Trial on Imipramine and Oxybutynin for the Treatment of Children With Primary Nocturnal Enuresis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Sudip Das Gupta ◽  
Md Rasiduzzaman ◽  
Md Zahurul Haque ◽  
Yesmin Sultana ◽  
Mohammad Mahfuzur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Behavioral Modification ◽  
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Nocturnal enuresis is a common childhood problem. There are several treatment options for the treatment of children with primary enuresis including behavioral modification, drug therapy like tricyclic antidepressant, vasopressin analog and anticholinergic drugs. Objective: To observe the efficacy of oxybutynin and imipramine for the treatment of children with primary nocturnal enuresis in terms of symptom relief and disease control. Materials and methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in urology outpatient department, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from May 2015 to April 2016. Total 70 patients with primary nocturnal enuresis were selected according to selection criteria. After duly taking informed written consent, patients were randomly divided into 2 groups by lottery method. In this way 35 patients were selected as group- A and 35 patients were selected as group-B. Patients of group-A were treated with imipramine and Group-B were treated with oxybutynin. Results: Age range of the subjects was from 5-16 years. Among them 30% of the subjects in the imipramine group were between 7-9 years of age and 30% of the subjects in the oxybutynin group were between 5-7 years of age. The male-female ratio was 1.2:1.Thirty five percent of the subjects had positive family history while remaining 65% did not have such history. At the base line study, 80% of the subjects did not show satisfactory result following 2 weeks of behavioral modification while 20% showed improvement. Before starting drug therapy, 60% patients had 4-5 bed-wetting nights/week. Following treatment, frequency of bed wetting dropped sharply to <3 at the end of month 3 and begin to rise again after discontinuation of therapy. At the end of month 3, imipramine cured in 46.7% cases with adverse effects like insomnia, nausea, anxiety, palpitation, lethargy while oxybutynin cured 40% patients with more adverse effects like headache, palpitation, dry mouth, constipation, tiredness, nervousness and fever. Early relapse of nocturnal enuresis 3 months after withdrawal the drugs and it was higher in the imipramine treated group than oxybutynin treated group which was 47.8% and 45% respectively. Conclusion: Outcome of imipramine is better than oxybutynin and side effects are significantly higher in oxybutynin. I Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 2, July 2018 p.76-82

Comparative Assessment of Anxiety, Pain, and Discomfort During Rapid Maxillary Expansion Using Two Different Activation Protocols in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110331
Author(s):  
Dipjyoti Baruah ◽  
Shweta Nagesh ◽  
Hiteswar Sarma ◽  
Navraj Mattu
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Scale ◽  
Group B

Objective The aim of this study was to compare and assess the pain perception, anxiety, and discomfort between two different rapid maxillary expansion (RME) protocols in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Design This is a prospective study. Setting The study was done in a comprehensive cleft care center. Patien and Participants The sample included 26 patients between ages 6 and 9 years with a history of repaired UCLP. Interventions The patients were randomly allotted into 2 groups—Group A and Group B. Group A received 1 RME activation per day and Group B received 2 activations per day. The participants after RME activation completed a self-report questionnaire and ranked the pain and anxiety levels using Faces pain scale and Hamilton anxiety scale, respectively. The evaluation was done every day for 1 week. Main Outcome Measure The Faces Pain Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and self-report questionnaires assessed the pain, anxiety, and discomfort experienced by the patients after 2 different types of RME activation protocols. Results Group B experienced significantly higher pain in the molars than Group A ( P < .001). There was no significant difference between the 2 RME activation protocols regarding anxiety and jaw discomfort. Conclusion Patients who received 2 activations per day experienced significantly higher levels of pain in the molars compared to the patients who received a single activation per day. There were no significant differences between the 2 activation protocols in terms of pain in the palate, tongue, anxiety, and jaw discomfort.

Comparison of Endoscopic Versus Percutaneous Approach (Blind) to Control the Obturator Jerk in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors Under Spinal Anesthesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Alamgir Md ◽  
Karim Km Monwarul ◽  
Nandy SP ◽  
Md Monwar Ul Haque ◽  
Sakhawat Mahmud Khan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Bladder Tumor ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Bladder Tumors ◽  
Percutaneous Approach ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the endoscopic versus percutaneous approach (blind) to control the obturator jerk in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumors under spinal anesthesia. Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was performed in Department of Urology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong and some Private Hospitals (Ltd.) in Chittagong city during the period from January 2016 to June 2016. Total 100 patients were grouped into two, on alternate basis. Fifty(50) patients in group- A conducted with endoscopic infiltration with 20ml of injection 2% lignocaine at the bladder tumor base and another 50 patients in group-B, conducted with blind percutaneous technique with same drug and volume ( 20ml inj.2% lignocaine) to control obturator jerk. Severity of obturator jerk in both procedure, percentage of complete resection, ONB procedure related time, ONB procedure related complications and surgeon’s satisfaction level were recorded and compared between two approaches. Chi-square analysis was performed to compare the ease of approach and outcome of the two techniques. A value of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the patients were 59.44+7.681. In group-A, 50 patients were given inj. 2% lignocaine endoscopically at the bladder tumor base to control obturator jerk. Twenty five patients (50%) had no jerk, 20 patients(40%) developed mild jerk and 5 patients (10%) developed moderate jerk and no patients developed severe jerk. Second attempt was taken in moderate jerk patients (5 patients) and succeeded in 3(6%) patients. So, in this group, complete resection of bladder tumor was possible in 96%. In group B, complete resection of bladder tumor was possible in 84%. Statistical analysis was done and result is significant in case of endoscopic procedure to control obturator jerk(p<0.05). ONB Procedure related time was <20 mins. in 32(64%) patients in group-A and 45 (90%) patients in group- B. 20 mins. or more time was required for 18 (36%) patients in group-A and 5 (10%) patients in group-B. Statistical analysis was done and result is significant in percutaneous (blind) technique (p<0.05). ONB procedure related complications in group-A and Group –B were noted. Statistical analysis was done and result is insignificant (p>0.05). Surgeons satisfaction level were recorded on the basis of obturator jerk block and complete resection and which was statistically significant in favour of endoscopy group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that endoscopic injection of 2% lignocaine into the bladder tumor base is better in case of jerk elimination and complete resection than blind percutaneous approach. Though, ONB procedure related time was significantly less in percutaneous group. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 2, July 2018 p.120-126

Calculations used for assessment of rapid maxillary expansion

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Bartok ◽  
Bogdan Dimitriu Dimitriu ◽  
Constantin Vârlan ◽  
Radu Stanciu ◽  
Georgiana Moldoveanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Literature Reference ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Materials Used

Rapid maxillary expansion is defined as the release of medio-palatine suture using an orthopedic forces. The role of this procedure is to expand  the upper jaw in order to achieve the  broadening of the upper arch. This study was initiated to quantify the effects of disjunction and post- treatment bone changes, after an adequate contention which lasted for three weeks. This study  is  carried on laboratory animals (common breed rabbit) to determine tensile strength and the elasticity modulus of  biological materials  used in orthdodontics. The results of the study are consistent with those reported in the literature reference.  

RAPID PALATAL EXPANSION AND ITS FEATURES

ASJ. ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (40) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
A.K. Al Dzhafari ◽  
S.A. Ulyanovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Rapid Palatal Expansion ◽  
Congenital Deformities ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Mid Palatal Suture

Rapid Maxillary expansion or palatal expansion as it is sometimes called, occupies unique niche in dentofacial therapy. Rapid Maxillary expansion (RME) is a skeletal type of expansion that involves the separation of the mid-palatal suture and movement of the maxillary shelves away from each other. RME effects the maxillary complex, palatal vaults, maxillary anterior and posterior teeth, adjacent periodontal structures to bring about an expansion in the maxillary arch. Morphogenesis and anatomical features of the upper jaw determine the choice of the method of rapid palatal expansion with narrowing of the upper dentition, as an effective method for eliminating congenital deformities of the maxillofacial region. The majority of dental transverse measurements changed significantly as a result of RME. The maturity of the maxillofacial structures determines the timing and degree of success of rapid palatal dilatation treatment.

scholarly journals Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hwan Choi ◽  
Kyung-Keun Shi ◽  
Jung-Yul Cha ◽  
Young-Chel Park ◽  
Kee-Joon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Maxillary Deficiency ◽  
Time Point

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the stability of nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (MARME) in young adults with a transverse maxillary deficiency. Materials and Methods:  From a total of 69 adult patients who underwent MARME followed by orthodontic treatment with a straight-wire appliance, 20 patients (mean age, 20.9 ± 2.9 years) with follow-up records (mean, 30.2 ± 13.2 months) after debonding were selected. Posteroanterior cephalometric records and dental casts were obtained at the initial examination (T0), immediately after MARME removal (T1), immediately after debonding (T2), and at posttreatment follow-up (T3). Results:  Suture separation was observed in 86.96% of subjects (60/69). An increase in the maxillary width (J-J; 1.92 mm) accounted for 43.34% of the total expansion with regard to the intermolar width (IMW) increase (4.43 mm; P &lt; .001) at T2. The amounts of J-J and IMW posttreatment changes were −0.07 mm (P &gt; .05) and −0.42 mm (P  =  .01), respectively, during retention. The postexpansion change in middle alveolus width increased with age (P &lt; .05). The postexpansion change of interpremolar width (IPMW) was positively correlated with the amount of IPMW expansion (P &lt; .05) but not with IMW. The changes of the clinical crown heights in the maxillary canines, first premolars, and first molars were not significant at each time point. Conclusions:  Nonsurgical MARME can be a clinically acceptable and stable treatment modality for young adults with a transverse maxillary deficiency.

scholarly journals Diminished Systemic Amino Acids Metabolome and Lipid Peroxidation in Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction (UPJO) Infants Requiring Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1467
Author(s):  
Olga Begou ◽  
Antigoni Pavlaki ◽  
Olga Deda ◽  
Alexander Bollenbach ◽  
Kathrin Drabert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction ◽  
Ureteropelvic Junction ◽  
Obstructive Nephropathy ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Congenital anomalies of the urinary tract, and particularly of obstructive nephropathy such as ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in infants, can later lead to chronic kidney disease and hypertension. Fundamental questions regarding underlying mechanisms remain unanswered. The aim of the present study was to quantitate the systemic amino acids metabolome in 21 UPJO infants requiring surgery (Group A) and 21 UPJO infants under conservative treatment (Group B). Nineteen healthy age-matched infants served as controls (Group C). Serum amino acids involved in several pathways and representative metabolites, including the L-arginine-derived nitric oxide (NO) metabolites nitrite and nitrate and the lipid peroxidation biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) methods using their stable-isotope labeled analogs as internal standards after derivatization to their methyl esters N-pentafluoropropionic amides (amino acids) and to their pentafluorobenzyl derivatives (nitrite, nitrate, MDA). The concentrations of the majority of the biomarkers were found to be lower in Group A compared to Group B. Statistical analysis revealed clear differentiation between the examined study groups. Univariate statistical analysis highlighted serum homoarginine (q = 0.006), asymmetric dimethylarginine (q = 0.05) and malondialdehyde (q = 0.022) as potential biomarkers for UPJO infants requiring surgery. Group A also differed from Group B with respect to the diameter of the preoperative anterior–posterior renal pelvis (AP) as well as regarding the number and extent of inverse correlations between AP and the serum concentrations of the biomarkers. In Group A, but not in Group B, the AP diameter strongly correlated with hydroxy-proline (r = −0.746, p = 0.0002) and MDA (r = −0.754, p = 0.002). Our results indicate a diminished amino acids metabolome in the serum of UPJO infants requiring surgery comparing to a conservative group.

scholarly journals Changes in the Upper and Lower Pharyngeal Airway Spaces Associated with Rapid Maxillary Expansion

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitin Aloufi ◽  
Charles B. Preston ◽  
Khalid H. Zawawi
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Pharyngeal Airway ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Maxillary Constriction

Objectives. The primary objectives of this retrospective study were first to compare the upper and lower pharyngeal airway spaces between orthodontic patients with and without maxillary constriction and second to evaluate the effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on these airway spaces. A secondary objective was to compare the mode of breathing between groups. Materials and Methods. The experimental (RME) group consisted of 30 patients (mean age, years, 16 boys and 14 girls) with maxillary constriction who were treated with hyrax-type RME. The control group comprised the records of age- and gender matched patients (mean age, years, 16 boys and 14 girls) with no maxillary constriction but requiring nonextraction comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Cephalometric measurements in the sagittal dimension of upper and lower airway spaces for the initial and final records were recorded. Mode of breathing and length of treatment were also compared. Results. The sagittal dimension of the upper airway increased significantly in the RME group ( mm) compared to the control group ( mm), . However, there was no significant difference in the lower pharyngeal airway measurement between the RME group () and the control group (), . There was no significant difference with respect to mode of breathing between the two groups (). Conclusion. Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) during orthodontic treatment may have a positive effect on the upper pharyngeal airway, with no significant change on the lower pharyngeal airway.

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