scholarly journals Status of Human Papillomavirus Infection in the Ethnic Population in Yunnan Province, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulqarnain Baloch ◽  
Lei Yue ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Yue Feng ◽  
Wenlin Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Past History ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

HPV genotypes have distinct distributions among various ethnic populations worldwide. In December 2013, 237 and 159 cervical samples were collected from Hani and Han ethnic women, respectively, in Mojiang, a rural county in southern Yunnan. The overall HPV infection rate (21.1%) among the Hani women was significantly higher than that among the Han women (12.6%). The high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) HPV and single- and multiple-genotype infection rates among the Hani women were 11.0%, 4.6%, 15.6%, and 5.5%, respectively. HPV-16 (3.8%) was the most prevalent genotype among the Hani women, followed by HPV-52 (1.7%), HPV-31 (0.8%), and HPV-33 (0.8%). Comparatively, the Han women had lower infection rates of high-risk (8.2%), low-risk (1.2%), single-genotype (9.4%), and multiple-genotype HPV infections (3.1%). HPV-16 (3.1%) was also the predominant genotype among the Han women, followed by HPV-52 (1.3%), HPV-33 (0.6%), HPV-44 (0.6%), and HPV-54 (0.6%). The area background, number of children, and past history of STIs were recognized as potential risk factors for HPV infection. Rural background, age, education level, number of children, and illness history were significantly associated with HPV infection among the Hani women. These findings highlight the urgent need for HPV prevention and control strategies in Yunnan, particularly for the Hani ethnic women.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics and Genotypes of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Mianyang

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Daping Song ◽  
Min Min ◽  
Pingjing Guo ◽  
Xuemei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Risk Infection

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Mianyang. Methods: The cervical samples of 27,040 patients, who visited the Department of Gynecology of The Third Hospital of Mianyang from January 2018 to January 2020, were collected. Results: The HPV-positive infection rate was 21.40% (5,787/27,040); the single HPV infection rate was 72.04% (4,169/5,787); the double HPV infection rate was 19.73% (1,142/5,787); the triple and above HPV infection rate was 8.22% (476/5,787); the top five high-risk HPV subtypes with the highest infection rates were HPV52, 16, 58, 53, and 51, while the top five low-risk HPV subtypes with the highest infection rates were HPV81, 42, 43, 6, and 11; there were significant differences in the HPV-positive infection rate, high-risk infection rate, low-risk infection rate, and multiple infection rate among different age groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The HPV infection rate in Mianyang was 21.4%, in which the majority of the cases were single infection; the high-risk HPV subtypes were HPV52, 16, 58, 53, and 51; the HPV-positive infection rate, high-risk infection rate, low-risk infection rate, and multiple infection rate were high in the middle but low at both ends in the context of age distribution; the top three age groups with the highest infection rates were 45-49, 40-44, and 30-34.

Risk Factors for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cofactors for High-Grade Cervical Disease in Peru

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1654-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribel Almonte ◽  
Catterina Ferreccio ◽  
Miguel Gonzales ◽  
Jose Manuel Delgado ◽  
C. Hilary Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Cervical Disease ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between potential risk factors for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and cofactors for cervical intraepithelial lesions grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) in women attending cervical screening in Amazonian Peru.Materials and MethodsParticipants completed a risk factor questionnaire before screening. High-risk human papillomavirus infection was determined by Hybrid Capture II. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between potential risk factors for HR-HPV infection and between cofactors and risk of CIN2+ among women with HR-HPV infection.ResultsScreening and questionnaires were completed by 5435 women aged 25 to 49 years. The prevalence of HR-HPV was 12.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.8%–13.6%) and decreased by age. Early age at first sexual intercourse and several lifetime sexual partners increased the risk of having HR-HPV (age-adjusted odds ratio [AOR] of age at first sexual intercourse <18 vs ≥20, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2–2.0; AOR of ≥5 lifetime sexual partners vs 1, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4–3.2). Among women with HR-HPV infection, those with no schooling (AOR relative to 1–5 years of schooling, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3–8.3) and those with parity ≥3 (AOR relative to parity <3, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4–4.9) were at increased risk of CIN2+. The effect of parity was stronger for cancer (AOR of parity ≥3 vs <3, 8.3; 95% CI, 1.0–65.6). Further analysis showed that the association between parity and CIN2+ was restricted to women younger than 40. Most women (83%) had previously been screened. Sixty-four percent of CIN2+ cases detected in this study occurred in women who reported having had a Papanicolaou test in the previous 3 years. Only 4 of 20 cancers were detected in women never screened before. Having had a previous abnormal Papanicolaou test increased the risk of CIN2+ (OR, 16.1; 95% CI, 6.2–41.9).ConclusionAmong women with HR-HPV, high parity (in young women), no schooling, lack of good-quality screening and of adequate follow-up care are the main risk factors for high-grade cervical disease in Peru.

scholarly journals Genotype distribution characteristics of high-risk human papillomaviruses in women from Shanghai, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (7) ◽  
pp. 1482-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. GU ◽  
M. YI ◽  
Y. XU ◽  
H. ZHAO ◽  
F. FU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
High Risk Hpv

SUMMARYHigh-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are highly prevalent worldwide, and HPV genotype distribution varies regionally. Molecular surveys of HPVs are important for effective HPV control and prevention. Fifteen high-risk HPV strains (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68) and six low-risk HPV strains (HPV6, 11, 42, 43, 44, CP8304) were detected by cervical cytology from 10 501 subjects. High-risk HPVs, low-risk HPVs, and both high- and low-risk HPVs were detected in 14·5%, 2·8%, and 2·4% of cases, respectively. Of 1782 subjects with high-risk HPV infection, 75·5%, 18·1%, and 6·4% were infected with one, two, and ⩾3 strains of high-risk HPVs, respectively. HPV52, HPV16, and HPV58 were the top three most dominant high-risk HPV genotypes in our population with positivity rates of 23·0%, 17·7% and 16·9%, respectively. Multiple infection was common, with significantly higher co-infection rates of HPV58/HPV33 (12·9%) and HPV58/HPV52 (11·3%). Further data comparisons showed that HPV genotype distribution varied markedly between domestic and international regions. In conclusion, a monolithic vaccination strategy is obviously impractical, and regional HPV surveillance is essential to optimize current HPV control and prevention.

Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Epididymis and Ductus Deferens: An Evaluation by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (11) ◽  
pp. 1471-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandr Švec ◽  
Iva Mikyšková ◽  
Ondřej Hes ◽  
Ruth Tachezy
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Ductus Deferens ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Context.—Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) play an important role in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The possible role of the male urogenital tract as a reservoir of HPV infection is not fully understood. We inferred from our previous observation of HPV-31 in epididymal tissue in a case of chronic epididymitis that HPV might be commonly present in cases of epididymitis caused by sexually transmitted pathogens. Objective.—To assess the presence of HPV in the epididymis and ductus deferens in nontuberculous epididymitis. Design.—Epididymal samples obtained from 17 patients and epididymal and ductus deferens samples from 5 patients surgically treated for nontuberculous epididymitis were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction for the presence of HPV DNA. In positive samples, the HPV type was determined by DNA sequencing. Setting.—Tertiary-care academic hospital and national reference laboratory for papillomaviruses. Results.—Low-risk HPV type 6 and high-risk HPV types 16, 33, 35, 55, and 73 were detected in 7 patients (31%). Neither koilocytes nor dysplastic changes were found in the epididymis and ductus deferens. Conclusion.—Low-risk and high-risk HPV types were detected in the epididymis and ductus deferens of patients with nontuberculous epididymitis. The infection was not accompanied by koilocytic atypia or dysplasia. Our findings support the hypothesis that the male urogenital tract serves as a reservoir of HPV infection.

scholarly journals Persistent High-Risk HPV Infection and Molecular Changes Related to the Development of Cervical Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pablo Moreno-Acosta ◽  
Alfredo Romero-Rojas ◽  
Nicolas Vial ◽  
Antonio Huertas ◽  
Jinneth Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

This article is a preliminary investigational study that is aimed at giving hints about the interesting biomarkers involved in the transition process from low-grade cervix lesion to invasive cervical cancer. Our study focuses on the risk factors and tumour molecular changes in one patient. First in 1986, she was diagnosed a preinvasive cervix lesion. Then, 16 years later, she was diagnosed an invasive cervical cancer. The 2002 diagnosis was a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, stage IIIB (FIGO), whereas in 1986, she had been diagnosed a high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesion. Retrospectively, the analysis of samples of preneoplastic lesions and invasive cervical cancer confirmed the histopathological diagnoses and detected the presence of HPV type and HPV-16 variants, as well as the overexpression of proteins such as hTERT, IGF1Rα, IGF1Rβ, CAIX, and GLUT1. Finally, the Arg72Pro polymorphism was detected in TP53. The role of high-risk HPV and HPV-16 variants and of hTERT, IGF1Rα, IGF1Rβ, CAIX, and GLUT1 variations seemed confirmed in the development and progression of cervical cancer. As a result, analyzing the molecular changes in one and same tumour that progresses from a low-grade cervix lesion to invasive cervical cancer could provide valuable information in order to improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment in the future.

Characteristics and Distribution of Penile Lesions in Croatian Men with Laboratory-Confirmed Low-Risk and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (05+06/2017) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Mestrovic ◽  
Zora Profozic ◽  
Marijana Neuberg ◽  
Goran Kozina ◽  
Ivan Savic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Risk

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS FOCI IN THE TOMSK REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
N.V. Poltoratskaya ◽  
◽  
T.N. Poltoratskaya ◽  
T.M. Pankina ◽  
M.V. Kondratyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Risk Zone ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
The City ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

This paper characterizes the current epidemiological situation of tick-borne encephalitis in the Tomsk region. There has been a decrease in the incidence of TBE for 10 years. There was made an attempt to typify the epidemiological situation of tick-borne encephalitis nidus on the basis of analysis of epidemiological data of the recent years (2011-2020) in the context of administrative territories of Tomsk region. The typification of the foci of TBE was carried out in the context of the administrative territories of the region. Areas of high, medium, low risk of TBE infection are identified. The territories of the city of Tomsk and the Tomsk region, where the maximum infection rates are recorded (66-88 cases per year), are referred to the high-risk zone. Keywords: monitoring, morbidity, tick-borne encephalitis, natural focal infections, intensive indicator.

scholarly journals Προσδιορισμός της μορφής του γονιδιώματος του στελέχους HPV-16

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Δημήτριος Τσακογιάννης
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Hpv 16

Οι Ιοί των Θηλωμάτων του ανθρώπου (HPV) είναι μικροί, δίκλωνοι κυκλικοί DNA ιοί, χωρίς εξωτερικό περίβλημα και προσβάλουν το επιθήλιο του δέρματος ή το επιθήλιο του βλεννογόνου. Περισσότεροι από 150 HPV τύποι έχουν ανιχνευτεί, ενώ πάνω από 40 τύποι συνδέονται με αλλοιώσεις του ουρογεννητικού συστήματος και διαχωρίζονται στους τύπους χαμηλού (low-risk) και υψηλού κινδύνου (high-risk). Επιδημιολογικές μελέτες έχουν προτείνει ότι ''επίμονη'' μόλυνση με HPV τύπους υψηλού κινδύνου, είναι σημαντικός παράγοντας για την ανάπτυξη προκαρκινικών και καρκινικών αλλοιώσεων με τους HPV16 και HPV18 να εντοπίζονται σε περισσότερο από το 72% των περιπτώσεων καρκίνου του τραχήλου της μήτρας παγκοσμίως. Η εμφάνιση καρκίνου συνδέεται με μόλυνση με HPV τύπους υψηλού κινδύνου και με την απορύθμιση της έκφρασης των ιικών ογκογονιδίων Ε6 και Ε7. Η ανεξέλεγκτη έκφραση των ογκογονιδίων οδηγεί στον εκτεταμένο πολλαπλασιασμό των μολυσμένων κυττάρων, στην ατελή επιδιόρθωση του DNA και στη συσσώρευση μεταλλάξεων στα μολυσμένα κύτταρα.Η ''επίμονη'' υψηλού βαθμού αλλοίωση συνδέεται με αυξημένο κίνδυνο ενσωμάτωσης του ιού στο κυτταρικό χρωμόσωμα και την πρόοδο της αλλοίωσης σε καρκίνο. Η ενσωμάτωση του ιού στο κυτταρικό γονιδίωμα αποσταθεροποιεί την έκφραση των γονιδίων Ε6 και Ε7. Το γεγονός αυτό δίνει την δυνατότητα στον ιό να διεγείρει έντονα τον κυτταρικό κύκλο και την διαρκή είσοδο του κυττάρου στη φάση της μίτωσης, δίνοντας στα μολυσμένα κύτταρα ισχυρό αναπτυξιακό πλεονέκτημα. Σε δεύτερη φάση μετά τον συνεχή πολλαπλασιασμό των μολυσμένων κυττάρων προκαλείται συσσώρευση γενετικών λαθών και αποσταθεροποίηση του γονιδιώματος του ξενιστή με αποτέλεσμα την δημιουργία καρκινικών αλλοιώσεων.Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη του γονιδιώματος του HPV16, ενώ παράλληλα επιχειρήθηκε ο προσδιορισμός της μορφής του γονιδιώματος του ιού και ο προσδιορισμός των θέσεων ενσωμάτωσης του HPV16 στο κυτταρικό χρωμόσωμα.. Η μελέτη______________________________________________________________________ΕΚΤ | www.didaktorika.gr | 5πραγματοποιήθηκε σε κλινικά δείγματα τραχήλου της μήτρας που απομονώθηκαν από τον Ελληνικό πληθυσμό, θετικά για μόλυνση με τον ιό. Η νουκλεοτιδική και φυλογενετική ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων έδειξε ότι το πρότυπο στέλεχος του HPV16 καθώς και η Ευρωπαϊκή παραλλαγή του γονιδιώματος του ιού επικρατούν στον Ελληνικό πληθυσμό, ενώ παράλληλα παρατηρήθηκε ότι μη Ευρωπαϊκές παραλλαγές του HPV16 DNA κυκλοφορούν στον Ελληνικό πληθυσμό. Ακόμη εντοπίστηκαν καινούργιες μεταλλάξεις εντός των γονιδίων Ε1, Ε2, Ε4, Ε6 και Ε7 που δεν έχουν αναφερθεί στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία καθώς επίσης και φαινόμενα διπλασιασμού και ενδοτυπικού ανασυνδυασμού μεταξύ διαφορετικών παραλλαγών του HPV16 DNA. Τέλος, οι διαφορετικές περιοχές της πρώιμης περιοχής του γονιδιώματος του HPV16 DNA εξελίσσονται με διαφορετικό τρόπο και αυτό ίσως να σχετίζεται με τις διαφορετικές λειτουργίες που επιτελούν οι ιικές πρωτεΐνες στο κύκλο ζωής του ιού.Παράλληλα, προσδιορίστηκε η μορφή του HPV16 DNA, χαρτογραφώντας τις πιο συχνές θέσεις ρήξης του ιικού DNA. Η ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων έδειξε, ότι η ενσωμάτωση του HPV16 είναι ένα φαινόμενο το οποίο συμβαίνει νωρίς στο κύκλο ζωής του ιού. Τέλος, από τον προσδιορισμό των θέσεων ενσωμάτωσης του ιού στο κυτταρικό χρωμόσωμα εντοπίστηκαν φαινόμενα αναδιάταξης του HPV16 DNA προτείνοντας ένα μοντέλο, σύμφωνα με το οποίο ενσωματωμένα μόρια DNA σε μορφή αλυσομερών HPV16 DNΑ - κυτταρικό DNA έρχονται σε αντιπαράλληλο προσανατολισμό και ανασυνδυάζονται μεταξύ τους μέσω μιας δομής θηλιάς. Το φαινόμενο αυτό προκαλεί διαρκώς αποσταθεροποίηση του κυτταρικού χρωμοσώματος, γεγονός που δηλώνει, ότι ακόμη και μετά την ενσωμάτωση του ιού στο κυτταρικό χρωμόσωμα ο ιός συνεχίζει να προκαλεί διαρκώς φαινόμενα αποσταθεροποίησης του κυτταρικού DNA. Συμπερασματικά, η χαρτογράφηση των συνηθέστερων θέσεων ρήξης των Ε1 και Ε2 γονιδίων σε συνδυασμό με τη νουκλεοτιδική ανάλυση των γονιδίων Ε1, Ε2 και Ε6 του HPV16 και τον προσδιορισμό γεγονότων αναδιάταξης του HPV16 DNA θα πρέπει να λαμβάνεται σοβαρά υπόψη για τον προσδιορισμό της μορφής του γονιδιώματος των διαφορετικών HPV16 στελεχών και της περαιτέρω κατανόησης των γεγονότων τα οποίο εμπλέκουν τον HPV16 στην ογκογένεση.

scholarly journals A ubiquitin variant-based affinity approach selectively identifies substrates of the ubiquitin ligase E6AP in complex with HPV-11 E6 or HPV-16 E6

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (44) ◽  
pp. 15070-15082
Author(s):  
Felix A. Ebner ◽  
Carolin Sailer ◽  
Daniela Eichbichler ◽  
Jasmin Jansen ◽  
Anna Sladewska-Marquardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Substrate Proteins ◽  
Potential Substrate

The E6 protein of both mucosal high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) such as HPV-16, which have been causally associated with malignant tumors, and low-risk HPVs such as HPV-11, which cause the development of benign tumors, interacts with the cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase E6-associated protein (E6AP). This indicates that both HPV types employ E6AP to organize the cellular proteome to viral needs. However, whereas several substrate proteins of the high-risk E6-E6AP complex are known, e.g. the tumor suppressor p53, potential substrates of the low-risk E6-E6AP complex remain largely elusive. Here, we report on an affinity-based enrichment approach that enables the targeted identification of potential substrate proteins of the different E6-E6AP complexes by a combination of E3-selective ubiquitination in whole-cell extracts and high-resolution MS. The basis for the selectivity of this approach is the use of a ubiquitin variant that is efficiently used by the E6-E6AP complexes for ubiquitination but not by E6AP alone. By this approach, we identified ∼190 potential substrate proteins for low-risk HPV-11 E6 and high-risk HPV-16 E6. Moreover, subsequent validation experiments in vitro and within cells with selected substrate proteins demonstrate the potential of our approach. In conclusion, our data represent a reliable repository for potential substrates of the HPV-16 and HPV-11 E6 proteins in complex with E6AP.

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