scholarly journals Comparison of Lyophilized Glutaraldehyde-Preserved Bovine Pericardium with Different Vascular Prostheses for Use as Vocal Cords Implants: Experimental Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
J. Raúl Olmos-Zuñiga ◽  
Rogelio Jasso-Victoria ◽  
Miguel Gaxiola-Gaxiola ◽  
Avelina Sotres-Vega ◽  
Claudia Hernández-Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Bovine Pericardium ◽  
Vocal Cords ◽  
Vascular Prostheses ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Right

This study compared the use of lyophilized glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium (LGPBP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and Teflon felt (TF) as implants for vocal cords (VC) medialization and aimed to assess the endoscopic, macroscopic, and microscopic VC changes after medialization in a canine model. In 18 mongrel dogs, the right VC were medialized with LGPBP and the left were implanted as follows: Group I (n=6): LGPBP and PTFE; Group II (n=6): LGPBP and PET; Group III (n=6): LGPBP and TF. Surgical handling of the implants was compared. Three months after surgery, macroscopic and microscopic changes of VC and implants were evaluated. LGPBP offered the best surgical handling (p=0.005, Kruskal-Wallis). TF implants showed extrusion (p=0.005, Kruskal-Wallis) and severe inflammation. All VC formed fibrous capsules around the implants; the ones developed by LGPBP implants were thinner (p=0.001, ANOVA, Tukey). VC implanted with synthetic materials showed eosinophilic infiltration (p=0.01, Kruskal-Wallis). We concluded that the LGPBP could be used as an implant for VC medialization because it is biocompatible, easy to handle and remove during surgical procedures, and nonabsorbable or extrudable and produces an inflammatory reaction similar to PTFE and PET.

Inhibition of cardiac vagal component of baroreflex by group III and IV afferents

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (3) ◽  
pp. H730-H734 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. McWilliam ◽  
T. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflex ◽  
Interval Prolongation ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Pressure Elevation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The action of electrically evoked activity in somatic afferent fibers on the sensitivity of the baroreceptor reflex was examined in decerebrate cats. The sensitivity of the reflex was expressed as the difference between the maximum prolongation of R-R interval in response to carotid sinus pressure elevation and the mean of 10 R-R intervals immediately before pressure elevation. The control value of R-R interval prolongation was 192 +/- 50 ms. Stimulation (10 Hz) of group I and II fibers of the right peroneal nerve (evoked volleys recorded from the sciatic nerve) had no effect on R-R interval prolongation (171 +/- 45 ms). Recruitment of group III fibers (10 Hz) conducting at 23.6 +/- 0.65 m/s reduced the prolongation of R-R interval to 52 +/- 14 ms. Recruitment of group IV fibers (10 Hz) conducting less than 2.5 m/s further reduced the prolongation of R-R interval to 1.0 +/- 8.0 ms. It is concluded that the inhibition of the cardiac vagal component of the baroreceptor reflex produced by electrical stimulation of the peroneal nerve is mediated by afferent fibers of groups III and IV.

Atrioventricular responses of canine heart following chronic unilateral vagotomy

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. H394-H401 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Priola ◽  
C. Anagnostelis ◽  
C. Sanchez-Wilson ◽  
T. M. Blomquist
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Canine Heart ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Right ◽  
Inotropic Responses ◽  
Intrinsic Cardiac Nerves

The intrinsic cardiac nerves (ICN) have been shown to develop supersensitivity to nicotine (NIC) following complete extrinsic cardiac denervation. The present experiments were performed to delineate the pattern of ICN distribution in the heart by examining the pattern of NIC supersensitivity after unilateral vagotomy (VGX). Thirty-eight dogs were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and inotropy evaluated by means of isovolumic pressures from fluid-filled balloons placed in the atria and ventricles. The animals were divided into three groups: group I, sham-operated controls; group II, animals studied 1–2 wk after VGX; and group III, animals studied 8–12 wk after VGX. Chronotropic and inotropic responses were evaluated in terms of NIC and acetylcholine (ACh) dose-response curves as well as frequency-response curves to stimulation of the intact vagus nerve (0.5–30 Hz). No change in NIC sensitivity was observed in group II, and vagal frequency-response curves were identical to group I. In group III dogs, both the right atrium and right ventricle showed significant increases in NIC sensitivity after left vagotomy. All group III animals showed right-shifted frequency-response curves. We conclude that nicotinic supersensitivity of the ICN and inotropic unresponsiveness to vagal stimulation occur but are slow in developing (70–130 days); and preganglionic sprouting does not appear to play a functional role in the adjustment of cardiac control mechanisms to unilateral vagotomy.

scholarly journals BONE INDUCTION BY BMP-2 EXPRESSING ADENOVIRAL VECTOR IN RATS UNDER TREATMENT WITH FK506

2002 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Sonobe ◽  
Kazuhisa Bessho ◽  
Shinji Kaihara ◽  
Yasunori Okubo ◽  
Tadahiko Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expressing adenoviral vector in vivo. The day before vector injection, immunosuppressant FK506 was given subcutaneously to each rat at doses of 12 mg/kg (Group I), 6 mg/kg (Group II) and 3 mg/kg (Group III). FK506 was not administered to the six rats of the control group. Twenty-five liters of AXCAOBMP-2 (3.93 × 109pfu/ml) were injected into the right calf muscle of all rats. On day 21 after vector injection, all groups were investigated radiologically, histologically, and biochemically. Osteoinduction was seen in the AxCAOBMP-2-injected groups with immunosuppression. However, no bone formation was observed in the control group. These findings suggest that AxCAOBMP-2 has the potential of osteoinduction under transient immunosuppression. AxCAOBMP-2 may be useful for future clinical application in bone reconstruction, if host immunity response can be regulated.

scholarly journals Comparison of clinical, biomechanical, and histopathological effects of various suture techniques on repair of tendon rupture by using autograft

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
Celal Şahin Ermutlu ◽  
Vedat Baran
Keyword(s):  
Good Alternative ◽  
Suture Technique ◽  
Suture Techniques ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Interrupted Suture ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tendon Ruptures ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

AbstractIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of four different suture techniques in the treatment of experimentally modelled tendon injuries with tissue loss with autograft and grafting applications in rabbits.Material and Methods: The study was performed on 30 male mature (2-year-old) New Zealand rabbits with mean body weight of 3.1 kg, divided into three equal groups. A graft measuring 1 cm in length was collected from the m. tibialis cranialis of each rabbit under general anaesthesia. The graft collected from the right tendon was transplanted into the left tendon, and the graft from the left tendon was transplanted into the right tendon. In all groups, a simple interrupted suture was placed on the left tendon as control, a Bunnell-Mayer suture was placed on the right tendon in group I, a Locking-Loop suture in group II, and a Horizontal U suture in group III. Both hindlimbs were bandaged for four weeks. The tendons were assessed biomechanically and histopathologically.Results: According to the results of the tensile testing, the maximum durability of the techniques ranked as follows: Bunnell-Mayer, Horizontal U, Locking-Loop, and control groups.Conclusion: The use of autografts was a good alternative for the treatment of tendon ruptures with tissue loss. Furthermore, even though there were no clinical or histopathological differences, the suture technique can be chosen based on the results of the tensile test.

scholarly journals Effect of Piglet Birth Weight on Selected Characteristics of Pork

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rekiel ◽  
Justyna Bartosik ◽  
Justyna Więcek ◽  
Martyna Batorska ◽  
Beata Kuczyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Large White ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Pig Meat ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Determinations

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine how different birth weights of piglets influence some chemical and physical characteristics of pig meat. Piglets were grouped according to birth weight: ≤1.30 kg (group I), 1.31-1.70 kg (group II), ≥1.71 kg (group III). Animals were reared and fattened under standardized housing and feeding conditions. Tests were conducted with 60 samples of meat (20 per group) collected from the right side of the carcasses (M. longissimus lumborum) of threebreed crosses of (Polish Landrace × Polish Large White) × Duroc (barrows to gilts, 1:1), which were slaughtered at about 180 days of age. Determinations were made of basic chemical composition, colour of meat, drip loss, shear force value, and fatty acid profile. It was found that the birth weight of the piglets affects meat colour (redness), crude fat content and the proportion of some fatty acids (C16:1, C20:1 n-9, C20:2 n-6, C20:5 n-3).

scholarly journals Growth rate of thyroid gland in human fetus

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Nuriya I. Murtazina ◽  
Elena D. Lutsai ◽  
Sofya V. Ershova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Right

Objectives to determine the thyroid gland growth rate in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis. Material and methods. The thyroid glands of 60 male and female fetuses aged from 14 to 27 weeks were the subject of this research. The material was divided according to fetus age in three groups: Group I from 14 to 18 weeks, Group II from 19 to 22 weeks and Group III from 23 to 27 weeks. Results. The study revealed the increase in all dimensions of thyroid gland related to the increase of fetus age. During the intermediate fetal period of ontogenesis, the growth varied from 19% (for the anteroposterior isthmus size) to 59% (for the right lobe height). The thyroid gland growth rate for different sex groups varied between 24% and 60% in female fetuses, in male fetuses from 20% to 57%. Besides, the thyroid lobes and isthmus of female fetuses grew at a higher rate than those of the male fetuses. The uneven growth of the anatomical structure was also registered when comparing different age groups within the intermediate fetal period. The highest rate of thyroid gland growth was observed starting from the 22nd week of fetal life; until the 19th week the growth rate ranged between 7% (isthmus) and 25% (right lobe). The study of the thyroid gland growth rate in female and male fetuses in different age groups revealed identical tendencies involving the active growth of thyroid gland dimensions starting from the 22nd week.

scholarly journals L-Carnitine reduces the negative effects of formalin on sperm parameters, chromatin condensation and apoptosis in mice: An experimental study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniyal Ezati ◽  
Reyhane Vardiyan ◽  
Ali Reza Talebi ◽  
Morteza Anvari ◽  
Majid Pourentezari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Control

Background: Formalin is commonly applied as an antiseptic and tissue fixative. It has reactive molecules that lead to its cytotoxic effects. According to recent studies, formalin causes a change in the testicular and sperm structure and L-carnitine (LC) acts as an antioxidant to counteract its effects. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of LC on the parameters, chromatin condensation and apoptosis of mice sperm exposed to formalin. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 balb/c mice (25-40 gr ,10-12 wk) were divided into three groups (n = 8/each): group I without any injections or gavage; group II, received 10 mg/ kg formalin intraperitoneally (I.P); and group III was exposed to formalin and LC, where a dose of 10 mg/kg formalin was injected I.P daily and LC the dose of 100 mg/kg was kept in a solvent solution. After 31 days, the sperm examination was performed as follows: to evaluate chromatin and DNA quality of the sperm, we applied aniline blue (AB), toluidine blue (TB), chromomycin A3 (CMA3), and terminal transferase-mediated deoxy uridine triphosphate biotin end labeling (TUNEL) tests. Results: Sperm parameters such as count, motility, morphology, and viability displayed a significant decrease in the formalin group. While the data exhibited a considerable augment in sperm parameters in the formalin + LC than the formalin and control groups (p < 0.001), significant differences were detected between groups with respect to TB staining, TUNEL test, CMA3 test and AB staining in the formalin and formalin + LC groups. Conclusion: LC can reduce the negative effects of formalin on sperm parameters, chromatin stability, and percentage of apoptosis in an animal model. Key words: Formalin, L-carnitine, Mice, Sperm chromatin, Apoptosis.

Complications of invasive methods diagnosis of pulmonary dissemination syndrome, their prevention and treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
S.M. Shalagay ◽  
M.S. Opanasenko ◽  
B.M. Konik ◽  
O.V. Tereshkovych ◽  
V.I. Lysenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Transbronchial Lung Biopsy ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Open Biopsy ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Biopsy Complications ◽  
Selection Of

Objective — to study the possible complications that arise when using invasive methods for the diagnosis of pulmonary dissemination syndrome, to develop measures aimed at their prevention and treatment. Materials and methods. Data from 216 patients who used invasive methods to diagnose pulmonary dissemination syndrome were analyzed. Patients were divided into 3 groups, depending on the type of biopsy: Group I — 143 patients who underwent VATS lung biopsy, Group II — 64 patients who underwent endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial biopsy lungs (EBUS TBBL); Group III — 9 patients who underwent open biopsy. Complications in I — 12 (8.4 %), II — 5 (7.8 %), III — 2 (22.2 %), total — 19 (8.8 %). These were lung tear, wound suppuration, disease progression, pneumothorax, hemoptysis, respiratory failure, intrapleural hemorrhage. Results and discussion. Based on the obtained data, we have proposed methods of prevention of complications: radiography of the thoracic cavity in the first day after biopsy; correction of antiplatelet therapy; careful selection of patients for biopsy taking into account age, concomitant pathology, taking drugs, history.Conclusions. Lung biopsy for pulmonary dissemination syndrome is a safe type of diagnosis with a low level of complications — 8.8 %.The least traumatic method is transbronchial lung biopsy under ultrasound control.If it is impossible to perform a transbronchial lung biopsy, or if the obtained material is uninformative, the next step is to use a video­assisted lung biopsy.An open biopsy should be considered last and only under strict indications.It is important to choose the right method of biopsy, taking into account age, history, drugs.

SIX WEEKS OF TREADMILL RUNNING EXERCISE IMPROVE BONE ARCHITECTURE IN ADULT OSTEOPENIC RATS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TOWARD EXERCISE DOSE PRESCRIPTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050012
Author(s):  
Mona Mohammed Ibrahim Ahmed ◽  
Bassem El Nahass ◽  
Hanna Abdelkadir Ibrahiem
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Bone Architecture ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Structural Improvement ◽  
Group I ◽  
Exercise Dose ◽  
Group Ii

Question: Can exercise dose be established for bone weakness treatment? Design: Randomized experimental study. Participants: Thirty two adult (12 weeks) Wistar rats (16 males and 16 females) weighed [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]gm. Intervention: Rats were tail suspended for 2 weeks and then randomly divided into four groups; Group I ([Formula: see text]) sacrificed after suspension, Group II ([Formula: see text]) normal cage activities. Group III: ([Formula: see text]) level surface treadmill running. Group IV: ([Formula: see text]) uphill treadmill at angle of 15∘. The running speed was 12[Formula: see text]m/min for a period of 30[Formula: see text]min daily at frequency of 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Outcome measures: Histomorphometric analysis of distal femurs of right hind limbs to measure bone architectural parameters (cortical thickness, Tb.Th, Tb.Nm, Tb.Sp, Tb.Ar, Bone marrow area and density and TBA). Results: Significant improvements were shown in bone architecture in distal femur of Group IV ([Formula: see text]) compared to both Group I and Group II. No significant improvement in distal femur in Group III ([Formula: see text]) compared to both Group I and Group II. The percentage of change was found to be 62–96% between Group IV and Group II and 72– 82% between Group IV and Group I. Conclusion: The results suggested that uphill treadmill running exercises were effective to induce changes in bone tissue in the form of changing trabecular dimensions and density. The induced structural improvement was site specific and dose dependent.

scholarly journals Hypolipemiant Actions and Possible Cardioprotective Effects of Valine and Leucine: An Experimental Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Elena Cojocaru ◽  
Maria Magdalena Leon-Constantin ◽  
Carmen Ungureanu ◽  
Mioara Florentina Trandafirescu ◽  
Alexandra Maștaleru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background and Objectives: Considering atherosclerosis as one of the more challenging threats to healthcare worldwide, any novel therapy that counteracts the risks for developing it, provides new opportunities for the management of this process. Material and methods: We performed an experimental research in which we induced a hypercholesterolemia via a cholesterol-rich diet. Our aim was to demonstrate the antiatherogenic potential of two essential amino acids (valine and leucine). The experimental study was carried out over a period of 60 days. Male Wistar rats weighing between 250–280 g were used and divided into 4 groups, each group including 8 animals. Group I—control was fed with a standard diet. Group II received cholesterol, group III cholesterol and valine and group IV cholesterol and leucine. Blood samples were collected from the retro-orbital plexus, under anesthesia with 75 mg/kg of intraperitoneal ketamine, in three different moments (R0—1st day, R1—the 30th day, R2—the 60th day) in order to measure the levels of triglycerides. Results: In R0, there were no significant differences between the average levels of triglycerides across all the groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the group I, in R1 and R2, the average levels of triglycerides were significantly higher in all groups (p < 0.001). Also, in R1 and R2, the average triglycerides in group II receiving cholesterol (C) were significantly higher than those in group III receiving valine (C + V) as well as in group IV receiving leucine (C + L) (p < 0.001; p < 0.05). In R2, the average triglycerides in group III were significantly lower than in group IV (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our data provides evidence that valine and leucine have a direct impact on the lipid metabolism parameters by lowering the level of triglycerides. The comparison of the two essential amino acids indicates that valine acts more promptly and rapidly than leucine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document