scholarly journals Maxillary Swelling as the First Evidence of Multiple Myeloma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kasamatsu ◽  
Yasushi Kimura ◽  
Hideki Tsujimura ◽  
Harusachi Kanazawa ◽  
Nao Koide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Single Clone ◽  
Buccal Space ◽  
The Right

Multiple myeloma is a malignant neoplasm of plasma cells characterized by proliferation of a single clone of abnormal immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. Since the amount of hemopoietic bone marrow is decreased in the maxilla, oral manifestations of multiple myeloma are less common in the maxilla than in the mandible. We report the case of 33-year-old Japanese man who presented with a mass in the right maxillary alveolar region. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images showed a soft tissue mass in the right maxilla eroding the anterior and lateral walls of the maxillary sinus and extending into the buccal space. The biopsy results, imaging, and laboratory investigations led to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. This case report suggests that oral surgeons and dentists should properly address oral manifestations as first indications of multiple myeloma.

scholarly journals A hematologic condition expressed as a lung disease

F1000Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Egozcue-Dionisi ◽  
José Nieves-Nieves ◽  
Ricardo Fernández-Gonzalez ◽  
Rosángela Fernández-Medero ◽  
Raúl Reyes-Sosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Progressive Dyspnea ◽  
Breath Sounds ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pleural Involvement

Pleural involvement secondary to Multiple Myeloma is considered a very rare complication. According to the literature only 1% of these patients develop a myelomatous pleural effusion. We present a case of a 39 year old man with multiple myeloma diagnosed six years prior to our evaluation, which developed progressive dyspnea, dry cough and right pleuritic chest pain two weeks prior to admission. On physical examination the patient had decreased breath sounds over the right posterior hemithorax accompanied by dullness to percussion. The chest radiogram was consistent with a right sided pleural effusion. Pleural fluid analysis revealed the presence of abundant abnormal plasma cells. The patient died four weeks after hospitalization. The presence of myelomatous pleural effusion is considered to be a poor prognostic finding, no matter at what disease stage it develops. So far no definite treatment has been shown to improve survival.

scholarly journals Increased tumor marker ca-125 in multiple myeloma: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3355
Author(s):  
Dwiwahyonokusuma . ◽  
I. Gede Eka Wiratnaya ◽  
Gede Agung Krisna Yudha ◽  
I. Gede Mahardika Putra
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen 125 ◽  
Patient Reported

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the marrow, with plasma cells predominating. It is unlikely to encounter rising level of any tumor marker in MM patient. We present a case of 46-year-old female came to the orthopaedic clinic with chief complains of pain on her right arm, left shoulder and right hip after 5 months. The results of the bone survey of these patients showed multiple lytic lesions with a punched-out appearance in calvaria. The expansive lytic mass was seen with cortical destruction in one third proximal metaphysis to diaphysis of humerus with periosteal reaction and surrounding soft tissue mass. The basic metabolic panel (BMP) result of these patient is hipocellular with decrease of erythroid, myeloid, and megakaryocytes activity and there are 30% plasma cells with positive myeloma cells. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with MM. The laboratory result of these patient also showed elevation of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) marker to 56 and 92 (normal range is <35). The patient reported herein showed clear signs and symptoms of MM accompanied by elevated level of CA-125 and CA-15.3 tumor markers. Elevated CA-125 values most often are associated with epithelial ovarian cancer, although levels also can be increased in other malignancies such as endometrial, fallopian tube, breast, lung, esophageal, gastric, hepatic, and pancreatic. However, there were no clear mechanism of how a malignant B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the marrow stimulates the production of tumor marker such as CA-125.

scholarly journals Genome Instability in Multiple Myeloma: Facts and Factors

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5949
Author(s):  
Anna Y. Aksenova ◽  
Anna S. Zhuk ◽  
Artem G. Lada ◽  
Irina V. Zotova ◽  
Elena I. Stepchenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Genome Instability ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Social Burden

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm of terminally differentiated immunoglobulin-producing B lymphocytes called plasma cells. MM is the second most common hematologic malignancy, and it poses a heavy economic and social burden because it remains incurable and confers a profound disability to patients. Despite current progress in MM treatment, the disease invariably recurs, even after the transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells (ASCT). Biological processes leading to a pathological myeloma clone and the mechanisms of further evolution of the disease are far from complete understanding. Genetically, MM is a complex disease that demonstrates a high level of heterogeneity. Myeloma genomes carry numerous genetic changes, including structural genome variations and chromosomal gains and losses, and these changes occur in combinations with point mutations affecting various cellular pathways, including genome maintenance. MM genome instability in its extreme is manifested in mutation kataegis and complex genomic rearrangements: chromothripsis, templated insertions, and chromoplexy. Chemotherapeutic agents used to treat MM add another level of complexity because many of them exacerbate genome instability. Genome abnormalities are driver events and deciphering their mechanisms will help understand the causes of MM and play a pivotal role in developing new therapies.

Tooth Extraction Locally Stimulates Proliferation of Multiple Myeloma in a Patient with Mandibular Localizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Daniel Kün-Darbois ◽  
Léonie Quenel ◽  
Smaïl Badja ◽  
Daniel Chappard
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Extraction Site ◽  
The Right

Objectives: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the occurrence of osteolytic lesions. MM treatment usually involves antiresorptive drugs (mainly bisphosphonates). Case Report: A patient with an MM presented osteolytic lesions of the mandible. Extraction of teeth 45 and 46 was performed 5 years after the diagnosis of periodontitis. Four months later, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) was diagnosed at the extraction site. X-ray showed an extension of osteolytic lesions on the right side, close to the extraction site, without modification of the lesions on the left side. Two months later, a curettage was performed because of a painful bone sequestration. X-ray showed an extension of the osteolytic lesions on the right side. Results: Histological analysis found a vascularized plasmacytoma of the soft tissues around the ONJ. Analysis of the bone showed mixed lesions with osteonecrotic areas and living bone resorbed by active osteoclasts surrounding a plasmacytoma. The surface area of the osteolytic foci has considerably increased only close to the extraction site. Conclusions: Tooth extraction triggered an ONJ associated with bisphosphonate treatment. However, it also seemed to induce a considerable proliferation of plasma cells at the extraction site; we hypothesize that it is due to the increase in bone remodeling related to the surgical trauma.

scholarly journals Multiple Myeloma - Atypical Presentation - Clinicopathological Correlation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 3526-3532
Author(s):  
Emani Usha Bhargavi ◽  
Vaddadi Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Case Series Study

BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma, malignant neoplasm of plasma cells producing monoclonal para protein is one of the most common haematological malignancies we see in our routine practice. Multiple myeloma has varied and diverse clinical presentations, of which most common clinical features will be anaemia, bone pain, fever, fatigue, weight loss, paraesthesia, renal failure, pathological fractures, cutaneous lesions, etc. We hereby, present a series of multiple myeloma cases with unusual presentation over a period of 3 years. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the unusual and rare clinicohaematological presentation in patients with multiple myeloma. METHODS In this case series study, we reviewed bone marrow aspirate & / or biopsy slides in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. Patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma were selected. Patients’ clinical information, haematological and other findings were obtained from the medical records department and compiled, and correlation was done. RESULTS We came across a total of 9 cases of multiple myeloma with very unusual and rare clinical presentations. A thorough clinical, radiological, haematological, biochemical and histopathological correlation was done before giving a final diagnosis in these cases. Rare cutaneous and other involvement of multiple myeloma was noted. CONCLUSIONS Multiple myeloma is the most common malignancy with comparatively poor prognosis. However, early diagnosis of multiple myeloma always helps the clinician in improving the outcome and has been shown to have better prognosis. The present case series is an attempt to understand the clinico-pathological correlation, wide spectrum of clinical presentation and associated rarity of presentations. KEY WORDS Myeloma; Lytic Lesions; Bone Marrow

scholarly journals IgD (kappa) "nonsecretory" multiple myeloma: report of a case

Blood ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-901
Author(s):  
C Bartoloni ◽  
G Flamini ◽  
C Logroscino ◽  
L Guidi ◽  
F Scuderi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Lytic Lesion ◽  
Normal Amount ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Single Clone ◽  
Scintigraphic Study

A case of IgD “nonsecretory” multiple myeloma in a 46-yr-old woman is reported. Despite the presence of disseminated osteolytic lesions, both serum protein electrophoresis and serum and urine immunoelectrophoresis were normal. In addition, bone scintigraphic study was normal. Bone marrow biopsy and aspirate obtained from the left femur lytic lesion showed only myelomatous proplasmocytes; when examined by immunofluorescence with monospecifc antisera, the cytoplasm showed only the presence of delta and kappa chains, suggesting that the neoplastic plasma cells might belong to a single clone. Lymphocyte studies indicated the presence of a normal amount of both B and T cells.

scholarly journals Myelomatous pleural effusion and extensive extraskeletal soft tissue involvement: a rare presentation of clonal plasma cell disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e230560
Author(s):  
Vijay Alexander ◽  
Aditya John Binu ◽  
Sowmya Sathyendra
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Left Hemithorax ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Breath Sounds

A 65-year-old woman presented with a history of progressive dyspnoea, left pleuritic pain, loss of weight and appetite. Previous history was significant for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed 10 years before. Physical examination revealed a left supraclavicular soft tissue mass with absent breath sounds over the left hemithorax. Investigations revealed hypercalcemia with albumin:globulin reversal. The bone marrow biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis of multiple myeloma (IgG). Pleural fluid analysis revealed an exudative effusion; cytology showed mature plasma cells and plasmablasts. Serum electrophoresis revealed an M band in the gamma region. Biopsy of the supraclavicular mass revealed plasma cells which were CD 138+ with Kappa light chain restriction. She was initiated on chemotherapy and is currently doing well. Myelomatous pleural effusion is a rare presentation of multiple myeloma.

scholarly journals Multiple myeloma associated with IgA lambda gammopathy and multiple myeloma oncogene 1 in a Yorkshire terrier

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
S. Kim ◽  
E. Son ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Immunofixation Electrophoresis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Yorkshire Terrier

An eight-year-old spayed female Yorkshire terrier was presented with a one-month history of conspicuous weight-bearing lameness in the right hindlimb, mild anorexia, intermittent vomiting and marked polydipsia and polyuria. Radiographs revealed circular radiolucent foci of variable size in the skeleton. Haematological and serum biochemistry examination revealed mild leucopoenia with severe neutropaenia, mild non-regenerative anaemia, moderate thrombocytopoenia, moderate hyperglobulinaemia, mild hypoalbuminaemia, mild azotaemia and moderate hypercalcaemia. Quantification of serum immunoglobulins revealed elevated IgA and IgG. Serum protein electrophoresis showed a broad appearance with a β-region spike. Plasma cells accounted for 7.6% of the cells in the bone marrow. Serum immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) revealed IgA lambda gammopathy. Immunohistochemistry in the bone marrow was diffusely positive for multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM-1) and CD20. To our knowledge, this is first case report of multiple myeloma associated with IgA lambda gammopathy confirmed via IFE and immunohistochemical expression of MUM-1 in a dog.

Biologic variations of plasma cells in the bone marrow of smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) and multiple myeloma (MM) patients: Multiple biopsies in the same patient.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19506-e19506
Author(s):  
Elisabet E. Manasanch ◽  
Neha Korde ◽  
Constance Yuan ◽  
Mary Kwok ◽  
Nishant Tageja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Multiple Biopsies ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cd Markers

e19506 Background: The European Myeloma Network has reported that plasma cell (PC) enumeration by flow cytometry (FC) varies depending on quality of aspirate pull and field biopsied. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate PC site variation content in the core biopsy (CB), PC viability (V) and proportion of monoclonal PCs based on immunophenotypic characteristics, anticoagulant use, and aspirate (A) pull sequence in SMM and MM treatment-naïve patients. Methods: Untreated SMM (n=5) and MM (n=5) patients underwent bilateral bone marrow (BM) A and CB. Bilateral first-pull A were anticoagulated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The second-pull A were anticoagulated with heparin. CB were performed after obtaining all A. The first pull A was sent for morphology and FC evaluation, and the second-pull for FC. CB infiltration by PC was assessed by CD138 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Analysis of PC by FC used CD markers: 19, 45, 20, 38, 138, 27, 28, 19, 81, 126, 200 and 117. V was measured by FC using 7-amino-actinomycin D exclusion. We used the two-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test to determine the significance of the difference between paired values. Results: The mean difference in estimated percentage of PC infiltration between the right and left CB was 0.033 +/- 0.017 (p=0.25). Phenotypic analysis of PCs by FC showed similar expression of CD markers. PC V was significantly lower in samples anticoagulated with EDTA when compared to heparin (p<0.005), suggesting that the latter is superior for PC analysis. Of importance, the fraction of abnormal PCs determined by FC did not differ significantly between the two sides, use of EDTA/heparin or order of A pull (p>0.05). Conclusions: Based on IHC and FC, our results suggest that in untreated patients with SMM or MM there are no major differences in the estimated number or immunophenotypic characteristics and distribution of PC in marrow samples obtained from two distant bone sites. These observations have implications for current diagnostic and treatment of MM and its precursor disease. More advanced molecular profiling may find biological variation in bone marrow tumor PC extracted from different locations.

Multiple Myeloma Course with Renal Insufficiency in Young Patient: Case Report

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 26-26
Author(s):  
Hugo Henrique de Freitas Ferreira ◽  
Alessandra Suelen Jardim Silva ◽  
Lenilton Silva DA Silva Júnior ◽  
Gustavo Henrique de Medeiros Oliveira ◽  
Maria das Graças Pereira Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm characterized by the clonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow (OM). The average age of patients diagnosed with MM is approximately 70 years, being relatively uncommon in younger individuals. Objective: To report a case of a young patient with multiple myeloma. Case Description: A 42-year-old male patient presented with continuous and progressive low back pain for 3 months, associated with adynamia, weight loss (10 kg), episodes of constipation and bleeding in the oral cavity in this period. Examinations at the first appointment revealed moderate anemia (Hb 7.4 g / dL), leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hypercalcemia, and altered renal function (Cr 5.9 and Ur 178), chest tomography indicating vertebral fracture in T6, T11, L2 and L4. Referred for specialized follow-up, he performed electrophoresis of serum proteins with the presence of a monoclonal peak in the gamma globulin fraction. The immunofixation test confirmed monoclonality for IgA isotype and Kappa light chain (IgA / Kappa). The myelogram showed plasmacytosis of more than 50% of mononuclear cells in the bone marrow. He developed renal failure (with dosage of creatinine of 10.1 mg/ dL. and urea of 208 mg/dL) and hypercalcemia requiring dialysis therapy on the third day of hospitalization, having undergone chemotherapy with Bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone. During this period, infection by the multisensitive S. aureus in catheter occurred and, despite being treated with specific antibiotic therapy, it evolved with clinical worsening and hemodynamic instability and was referred to the Intensive Care Unit, going to death after 2 days. Conclusion: Young patients with MM may study with more aggressive characteristics. Despite the use of new therapeutic agents, more effective treatment strategies need to be studied more for patients in this age group. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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