scholarly journals Taxonomy and DNA Sequencing ofCrematogaster coriariaMayr, 1872 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with Redescriptions of the Worker, Queen, and Male Castes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shingo Hosoishi ◽  
Kazuo Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Gene Coi

Crematogaster coriariaMayr, 1872, is revised based on the nest series samples. The following new synonymies are proposed:C. coriariaMayr, 1872 =  C. coriaria fraudatrixForel, 1911syn. nov.  =  C. spengeliForel, 1912syn. nov.  =  C. spengeli taipingensisForel, 1913syn. nov.Worker, queen, and male castes ofC. coriariaMayr, 1872, are redescribed. The polymorphism ofC. coriariaMayr, 1872, was also discussed. DNA sequences were generated forC. coriariaMayr, 1872, using an amplification of second half region of the mitochondrial gene COI with a total of 711 bp. The interspecific COI divergence is 17.4% forC. coriariaMayr, 1872, andC. modiglianiiEmery, 1900.

scholarly journals A complete time-calibrated multi-gene phylogeny of the European butterflies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiemers ◽  
Nicolas Chazot ◽  
Christopher W. Wheat ◽  
Oliver Schweiger ◽  
Niklas Wahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Posterior Distribution ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
First Time

AbstractWith the aim of supporting ecological analyses in butterflies, the third most species-rich superfamily of Lepidoptera, this paper presents the first time-calibrated phylogeny of all 496 extant butterfly species in Europe, including 18 very localized endemics for which no public DNA sequences had been available previously. It is based on a concatenated alignment of the mitochondrial gene COI and up to 11 nuclear gene fragments, using Bayesian inference of phylogeny. To avoid analytical biases that could result from our region-focus sampling, our European tree was grafted upon a global genuslevel backbone butterfly phylogeny for analyses. In addition to a consensus tree, we provide the posterior distribution of trees and the fully-concatenated alignment for future analyses.

scholarly journals A complete time-calibrated multi-gene phylogeny of the European butterflies

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 938 ◽  
pp. 97-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiemers ◽  
Nicolas Chazot ◽  
Christopher Wheat ◽  
Oliver Schweiger ◽  
Niklas Wahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Bayesian Inferences ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
First Time

With the aim of supporting ecological analyses in butterflies, the third most species-rich superfamily of Lepidoptera, this paper presents the first time-calibrated phylogeny of all 496 extant butterfly species in Europe, including 18 very localised endemics for which no public DNA sequences had been available previously. It is based on a concatenated alignment of the mitochondrial gene COI and up to eleven nuclear gene fragments, using Bayesian inferences of phylogeny. To avoid analytical biases that could result from our region-focussed sampling, our European tree was grafted upon a global genus-level backbone butterfly phylogeny for analyses. In addition to a consensus tree, the posterior distribution of trees and the fully concatenated alignment are provided for future analyses. Altogether a complete phylogenetic framework of European butterflies for use by the ecological and evolutionary communities is presented.

Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of maize mitochondrial gene expression

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 533-543
Author(s):  
R M Mulligan ◽  
P Leon ◽  
V Walbot
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Initiation Site ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Promoter Strength ◽  
Protein Coding

Lysed maize mitochondria synthesize RNA in the presence of radioactive nucleoside triphosphates, and this assay was utilized to compare the rates of transcription of seven genes. The rates of incorporation varied over a 14-fold range, with the following rank order: 18S rRNA greater than 26S rRNA greater than atp1 greater than atp6 greater than atp9 greater than cob greater than cox3. The products of run-on transcription hybridized specifically to known transcribed regions and selectively to the antisense DNA strand; thus, the isolated run-on transcription system appears to be an accurate representation of endogenous transcription. Although there were small differences in gene copy abundance, these differences cannot account for the differences in apparent transcription rates; we conclude that promoter strength is the main determinant. Among the protein coding genes, incorporation was greatest for atp1. The most active transcription initiation site of this gene was characterized by hybridization with in vitro-capped RNA and by primer extension analyses. The DNA sequences at this and other transcription initiation sites that we have previously mapped were analyzed with respect to the apparent promoter strengths. We propose that two short sequence elements just upstream of initiation sites form at least a portion of the sequence requirements for a maize mitochondrial promoter. In addition to modulation at the level of transcription, steady-state abundance of protein-coding mRNAs varied over a 20-fold range and did not correlate with transcriptional activity. These observations suggest that posttranscriptional processes are important in the modulation of mRNA abundance.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827) (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Selected African Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eniola Abe ◽  
Yun-Hai Guo ◽  
Haimo Shen ◽  
Masceline Mutsaka-Makuvaza ◽  
Mohamed Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Snail Host ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Bulinus Truncatus ◽  
High Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

The transmission of some schistosome parasites is dependent on the planorbid snail hosts. Bulinus truncatus is important in urinary schistosomiasis epidemiology in Africa. Hence, there is a need to define the snails’ phylogeography. This study assessed the population genetic structure of B. truncatus from Giza and Sharkia (Egypt), Barakat (Sudan) and Madziwa, Shamva District (Zimbabwe) using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS 1) markers. COI was sequenced from 94 B. truncatus samples including 38 (Egypt), 36 (Sudan) and 20 (Zimbabwe). However, only 51 ITS 1 sequences were identified from Egypt (28) and Sudan (23) (because of failure in either amplification or sequencing). The unique COI haplotypes of B. truncatus sequences observed were 6, 11, and 6 for Egypt, Sudan, and Zimbabwe, respectively. Also, 3 and 2 unique ITS 1 haplotypes were observed in sequences from Egypt and Sudan respectively. Mitochondrial DNA sequences from Sudan and Zimbabwe indicated high haplotype diversity with 0.768 and 0.784, respectively, while relatively low haplotype diversity was also observed for sequences from Egypt (0.334). The location of populations from Egypt and Sudan on the B. truncatus clade agrees with the location of both countries geographically. The clustering of the Zimbabwe sequences on different locations on the clade can be attributed to individuals with different genotypes within the population. No significant variation was observed within B. truncatus populations from Egypt and Sudan as indicated by the ITS 1 tree. This study investigated the genetic diversity of B. truncatus from Giza and Sharkia (Egypt), Barakat area (Sudan), and Madziwa (Zimbabwe), which is necessary for snail host surveillance in the study areas and also provided genomic data of this important snail species from the sampled countries.

scholarly journals Association study of RS535296987 in TEX14 gene in azoospermiamen: RFLP and DNA sequencing

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 729-737
Author(s):  
Mohammad Vahedi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Chromosome 17 ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Nucleotide Variability ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Human Chromosome 17 ◽  
And Control

Azoospermia is one of the kinds of male infertility, with clinically the most severe phenotype as the natural conception cannot occur. It has been estimated to affect 0.1 to 1% of all men and 10-15% of men in infertile couples. TEX14 (Testis expressed 14, intercellular bridge forming factor) is a protein coding gene, which is located in human chromosome 17, (17q22). Tex14 gene appears to be crucial for perfect spermatogenesis and functional studies indicate the role of TEX14 in the intercellular bridges between developing male germ cells. The gene contains 32 exons and spans 137 kb. A heterogeneousresultis available on the association TEX14 gene and azoospermia. Therefore, it is suggested to investigate this gene in different populations. We analyzed about 200 men in two categories of azoospermia and healthy persons by RFLP as well as DNA sequencing to indicate an association between rs535296987 in TEX14 and its adjacent nucleotides to azoospermia. We found no significant association based on RFLP data and also by clustering of case and control specimens based on DNA sequencing. In general, a low level of nucleotide variability was observed in DNA sequences. Therefore, both eternity in the studied samples and low degree of mutations in this genetic region, may be the reason for heterogeneous reports on association of TEX14 and azoospermia.

Species relationships in the dasyurid marsupial genus Pseudantechinus (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae): a re-examination of the taxonomic status of Pseudantechinus roryi

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Umbrello ◽  
P. A. Woolley ◽  
M. Westerman
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
The Status

The status of Pseudantechinus roryi relative to its congeners has been determined from DNA sequences obtained from both nuclear and mitochondrial gene loci. Although all other recognised species of Pseudantechinus form reciprocally monophyletic lineages in phylogenetic analyses, individuals identified in museum collections as Ps. roryi (including type specimens) were indistinguishable from those identified as Ps. macdonnellensis. Ps. roryi is thus considered to be a synonym of Ps. macdonnellensis. Neighbour-joining network analyses failed to reveal any clear biogeographic differences between populations of Ps. macdonnellensis other than some evidence of isolation by distance.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular characterisation of Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae), a lance nematode from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 923-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Ma ◽  
Robert T. Robbins ◽  
Ernest C. Bernard ◽  
Claudia M. Holguin ◽  
Paula Agudelo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
National Park ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains ◽  
Lance Nematode

Summary Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is a new species of lance nematode collected in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Females of H. smokyensis n. sp. have a labial region characterised by six, occasionally five, annules. The basal lip annule is subdivided by about 24 longitudinal striae. The stylet averages 47 μm long with robust, tulip-shaped stylet knobs bearing anterior projections. The hemizonid is ca 4 μm anterior to the excretory pore. The lateral field is incompletely areolated and has four continuous incisures from the metacorpus region to the tail region. There are three pharyngeal gland nuclei. Vulval epiptygma are absent. The scutellate phasmids are located one anterior and one posterior to the vulva. The male is shorter than the female and the head region is higher and more rounded than that of the female. The bursa extends to the tail tip and the gubernaculum is large and protrusible and has titillae and a capitulum. Morphologically, H. smokyensis n. sp. is most similar to H. galeatus and H. stephanus, but can be distinguished by differences such as the number of annules and longitudinal striae on the lip region and morphometric values. Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is also genetically distinct from other species according to comparisons of ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses based on ribosomal and mitochondrial gene sequences suggest that H. smokyensis n. sp. is a lineage distinct from related Hoplolaimus species.

Molecular phylogeny of Fordini (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Pemphiginae) inferred from nuclear gene EF-1 α and mitochondrial gene COI

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Zhang ◽  
G.X. Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe tribe Fordini is a fascinating group because of its complicated life history, primary host specificity and gall-forming characteristic. Different species produce galls with different morphology on different parts of the host plants. The EF-1α-based, COI-based and combined sequences-based phylogenetic trees with three algorithms MP, ML and Bayes all strongly suggest that Fordini is a monophyletic group with two clades corresponding to two subtribes, Fordina and Melaphidina, each also monophyletic. Some important morphological characters and primary host plants of aphids were mapped onto the phylogenetic tree to analyse the division of subtribes and to uncover at which level the aphids correspond to their primary hosts, Pistacia and Rhus. Results suggest that the division of subtribes in Fordini is closely related to host selection of aphids. The evolution of gall morphology and the probable driving force behind it in this tribe were also discussed. The Fordini aphids seem to have evolved towards a better ability to manipulate their host plant, induce strong sinks and gain high reproductive success. Galls in this tribe evolved mainly along two directions to attain this goal: (i) by enlarging the gall from small bag to spherical, even big cauliflower-like, and changing the galls' location or forming two galls in their life cycle (Fordina); (ii) by moving the gall position from midrib, petiole of the leaflet, and eventually to the common petiole of the compound leaf (Melaphidina).

Genetic diversity within Scorpio maurus (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae) from morocco: Preliminary evidence based on CO1 mitochondrial DNA sequences

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Froufe ◽  
Pedro Sousa ◽  
Paulo Alves ◽  
David Harris
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase 1

AbstractThe large-clawed scorpion, Scorpio maurus, is a medically important scorpion and yet nothing is known regarding genetic diversity within this species. As a preliminary analysis we determined variation within the cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) mitochondrial gene from specimens from Morocco. High levels of genetic diversity were found that presented some geographical coherence. Of the two identified subspecies from Morocco, S. maurus birulai and S. maurus fuliginosus, the latter included genetically distinct lineages (8.0% uncorrected sequence divergence), indicating a detailed morphological and molecular revision is needed for this species.

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