scholarly journals Characterization of Human Knee and Chin Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Kouidhi ◽  
Phi Villageois ◽  
Carine M. Mounier ◽  
Corinne Ménigot ◽  
Yves Rival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Adipose Derived Stromal Cells ◽  
Molecular Matching

Animal study findings have revealed that individual fat depots are not functionally equivalent and have different embryonic origins depending on the anatomic location. Mouse bone regeneration studies have also shown that it is essential to match theHoxcode of transplanted cells and host tissues to achieve correct repair. However, subcutaneous fat depots from any donor site are often used in autologous fat grafting. Our study was thus carried out to determine the embryonic origins of human facial (chin) and limb (knee) fat depots and whether they had similar features and molecular matching patterns. Paired chin and knee fat depots were harvested from 11 subjects and gene expression profiles were determined by DNA microarray analyses. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) from both sites were isolated and analyzed for their capacity to proliferate, form clones, and differentiate. Chin and knee fat depots expressed a differentHOXcode and could have different embryonic origins. ASCs displayed a different phenotype, with chin-ASCs having the potential to differentiate into brown-like adipocytes, whereas knee-ASCs differentiated into white adipocytes. These results highlighted different features for these two fat sites and indicated that donor site selection might be an important factor to be considered when applying adipose tissue in cell-based therapies.

Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Grown in Three-Dimensional Aliginate Constructs Display a Chondrogenic Phenotype

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey R. Erickson ◽  
Jeffrey M. Gimble ◽  
Dawn Franklin ◽  
Farshid Guilak
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Chondrogenic Potential ◽  
Adipose Derived Stromal Cells ◽  
Chondrogenic Phenotype

Abstract Articular cartilage is the connective tissue that lines the surfaces of diarthrodial joints in the human body. Because cartilage is avascular, aneural, and alymphatic, it has a limited capacity for repair. Techniques such as microfracture, transplantation of autologous cartilage, and allograft or xenograft transplantations have not proven fully effective in treating cartilage damage. Current therapy is focusing on cell-based treatments such as autologous chondrocyte transplantation [1,2]. However, this method faces several limitations, as the donor site can provide a limited number of cells and the harvesting procedure itself may cause significant local morbidity. The goal of this study was to examine the chondrogenic potential of an autologous source of undifferentiated stromal cells derived from subcutaneous fat. It has been shown that chondrocytes embedded in a three-dimensional matrix retain a differentiated phenotype and produce cartilage-associated proteins [3]. In addition, it has been shown that alginate or agarose can support the formation of an extracellular matrix over time [4,5]. The goal of this study was to examine the chondrogenic potential of adipose-derived stromal cells with the ultimate goal of developing a “tissue engineering” method to regenerate articular cartilage.

scholarly journals Bioreactor Processed Stromal Cell Seeding and Cultivation on Decellularized Pericardium Patches for Cardiovascular Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5473
Author(s):  
Roman Matějka ◽  
Miroslav Koňařík ◽  
Jana Štěpanovská ◽  
Jan Lipenský ◽  
Jaroslav Chlupáč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Adipose Derived Stromal Cells ◽  
Pulsatile Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Cultivation ◽  
Decellularized Tissue ◽  
Static Conditions

(1) Background: Decellularized xenogeneic tissues are promising matrices for developing tissue-engineered cardiovascular grafts. In vitro recellularization of these tissues with stromal cells can provide a better in vivo remodelling and a lower thrombogenicity of the graft. The process of recellularization can be accelerated using a cultivation bioreactor simulating physiological conditions and stimuli. (2) Methods: Porcine pericardium was decellularized using a custom-built decellularization system with an optimized protocol. Autologous porcine adipose-derived stromal cells (PrASCs), isolated from the subcutaneous fat tissue, were used for recellularizing the decellularized pericardium. A custom cultivation bioreactor allowing the fixing of the decellularized tissue into a special cultivation chamber was created. The bioreactor maintained micro-perfusion and pulsatile pressure stimulation in order to promote the ingrowth of PrASCs inside the tissue and their differentiation. (3) Results: The dynamic cultivation promoted the ingrowth of cells into the decellularized tissue. Under static conditions, the cells penetrated only to the depth of 50 µm, whereas under dynamic conditions, the tissue was colonized up to 250 µm. The dynamic cultivation also supported the cell differentiation towards smooth muscle cells (SMCs). In order to ensure homogeneous cell colonization of the decellularized matrices, the bioreactor was designed to allow seeding of the cells from both sides of the tissue prior to the stimulation. In this case, the decellularized tissue was recolonized with cells within 5 days of dynamic cultivation. (4) Conclusions: Our newly designed dynamic bioreactor markedly accelerated the colonization of decellularized pericardium with ASCs and cell differentiation towards the SMC phenotype.

scholarly journals Application of adipose-derived stromal cells in fat grafting: Basic science and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2415-2423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Moustaki ◽  
Othon Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Verikokos ◽  
Dimitrios Karypidis ◽  
Dhalia Masud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Science And Literature ◽  
Adipose Derived Stromal Cells

scholarly journals Predicting the Remaining Lifespan and Cultivation-Related Loss of Osteogenic Capacity of Bone Marrow Multipotential Stromal Cells Applicable across a Broad Donor Age Range

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Churchman ◽  
Sally A. Boxall ◽  
Dennis McGonagle ◽  
Elena A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cpg Islands ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Donor Age ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Population Doublings ◽  
Age Range

Background and Objectives. Culture expanded multipotential stromal cells (MSCs) have considerable potential for bone regeneration therapy but their wider use is constrained by the lack of simple and predictive assays of functional potency. Extended passaging leads to loss of multipotency but speed of decline depends on MSC donor age. The aim of this study was to develop an assay predictive of MSC culture longevity applicable to a broad donor age range. Materials and Methods. Bone marrow (BM, n=7) was obtained from a diverse range (2–72 years) of healthy donors. MSCs were culture expanded to senescence and their osteoprogenitor content, gene expression profiles, epigenetic signature, and telomere behaviour were measured throughout. Output data was combined for modelling purposes. Results. Regardless of donor age, cultures’ osteoprogenitor content correlated better with remaining lifespan (population doublings before senescence, PD-BS) than proliferative history (accrued PDs). Individual gene’s expression or telomere length did not predict PD-BS but methylation of individual CpG islands did, PRAMEF2 in particular (r=0.775). Coupling the steep relationship of relative SPARC expression with PD-BS (r=-0.753) the formula SPARC × 1/PREMEF2 gave an improved correlation (r=-0.893). Conclusion. A formula based on SPARC mRNA and PRAMEF2 methylation may be used to predict remaining BM-MSC longevity and related loss of multipotentiality independent of donor age.

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