Correlation between Saliva and Plasma Levels of Endothelin Isoforms ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3

Although saliva endothelins are emerging as valuable noninvasive cardiovascular biomarkers, reports on the relationship between isoforms in saliva and plasma remain scarce. We measured endothelins in concurrent saliva and plasma samples (n=30 males; age 18–63) by HPLC-fluorescence. Results revealed statistically significant positive correlations among all isoforms between saliva and plasma: big endothelin-1 (BET-1, 0.55 ± 0.27 versus 3.35 ± 1.28 pmol/mL; r=0.38, p=0.041), endothelin-1 (ET-1, 0.52 ± 0.21 versus 3.45 ± 1.28 pmol/mL; r=0.53, p=0.003), endothelin-2 (ET-2, 0.21 ± 0.07 versus 1.63 ± 0.66 pmol/mL; r=0.51, p=0.004), and endothelin-3 (ET-3, 0.39 ± 0.19 versus 2.32 ± 1.44 pmol/mL; r=0.75, p<0.001). Correlations of BET-1, ET-1, and ET-3 within each compartment were positive in both plasma (p<0.05) and saliva (p≤0.1), whereas ET-2 was not significantly correlated with other isoforms in either plasma or saliva. For all isoforms, concentrations varied on average fivefold between individuals (90th/10th percentiles); individuals with high plasma endothelin levels generally had high saliva endothelin levels. Our results reveal that salivary ET isoform profiles portray the plasmatic profiles and support the view of coordinated regulation of ET-1 and ET-3, but distinct regulatory pathways for ET-2.

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PO 8289 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PLASMA LEVELS OF IL-27, IL-6 CYTOKINES AND P. FALCIPARUM INFECTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN LIVING IN MBALMAYO, CAMEROON

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.68 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A27.1-A27

Author(s):

Balotin Fogang ◽

Jean C Djontu ◽

Rosette Megnekou ◽

Lawrence Ayong

Keyword(s):

Plasma Level ◽

Haemoglobin Level ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

High Plasma ◽

Screening Assay ◽

Gestation Age ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

Addition Level ◽

The Relationship

BackgroundThe appropriate balance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines is necessary for protection against pregnancy-associated malaria and poor pregnancy outcomes. This study therefore aims to investigate the relationship between plasma levels of some regulatory cytokines and P. falciparum infection in Cameroonian women during pregnancy.MethodsPeripheral blood was collected from 131 women during pregnancy and 27 non-pregnant women living in the Mbalmayo area between May and December 2014. Parasitaemia was determined by microscopy and haemoglobin level using a haematological counter. Plasma levels of IL-27 and IL-6 cytokines were measured using the Magnetic Luminex Screening Assay technique.ResultsParasitaemia associated negatively with haemoglobin level (rs=–0.43; p<0.001). The plasma level of IL-6 was higher in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women (p=0.05). Regarding parasitaemia, plasma level of IL-27 was significantly higher in non-infected than in infected women (p=0.028) while that of IL-6 was significantly higher in infected women (p<0.0001). Moreover, parasitaemia correlated negatively with the plasma level of IL-27 (p=0.034) and positively with that of IL-6 (p<0.0001). In addition, level of IL-6 was significantly higher in anaemia-positive than in anaemia-negative women (p=0.028). On the other hand, level of IL-27 negatively associated with the parity (p=0.022) and gestation age (p=0.014).ConclusionThese results show that in pregnant women, P. falciparum malaria infection is associated with high plasma level of IL-6 and low level of IL-27, suggesting that IL-27 could have a protective effect against pregnancy-associated malaria while IL-6 seem to be a potential biomarker of the disease.

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High plasma levels of endothelin-1 enhance the predictive value of preclinical atherosclerosis for future cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events

Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.2459/jcm.0000000000000121 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 696-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Giuseppina Novo ◽

Angela Sansone ◽

Manfredi Rizzo ◽

Francesco P. Guarneri ◽

Claudio Pernice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

High Plasma ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Preclinical Atherosclerosis

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e0394 The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and endothelin-1 plasma levels in patients with coronary heart disease

Heart ◽

10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.394 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 96 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A122-A122

Author(s):

Z. Qing ◽

L. Zhihong ◽

Z. Zhihui ◽

L. Qin ◽

Z. Hongliang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

The Relationship

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BETTER PROGNOSIS IN OVERWEIGHT/OBESE CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS WITH HIGH PLASMA LEVELS OF LEPTIN

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-524 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 65-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luminita Animarie Vida Simiti ◽

Irina Todor ◽

Mirela Anca Stoia ◽

Cerasela Mihaela Goidescu ◽

Florin Petru Anton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Severe Heart Failure ◽

High Plasma ◽

Protective Role ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Obese People ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

The Relationship

Background and aim. The involvement of leptin in atherosclerosis is very complex, including inflammation, the oxidative stress and thrombosis. Leptin has atherogenic and also antiatherogenic actions. In obesity elevated leptin levels are not sufficient to prevent disturbances of energy balance, suggesting that obese people are leptin resistant. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between baseline plasma levels of leptin and the incidence of new ischemic events in patients with CHD.Methods. Plasma levels of leptin in fifty nine consecutive patients (29 men and 30 women) with CHD hospitalized in the County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Cluj-Napoca were measured using commercially available ELISA at admission. Patients with active infectious disease, neoplasia, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, hepatic or renal failure and severe heart failure were excluded The relationship between leptin levels and incident cardiovascular events (angina, nonfatal myocardial infarction or heart failure) over two years follow-up was studied using MEDCALC version 9.6.Results. 73.6% patients with CHD were overweight or suffered of obesity. There were no significant differences between women and men regarding the plasma levels of leptin, the body mass index (BMI), the number of rehospitalizations, rehospitalizations/patient, diabetes mellitus, hypertension or dyslipidemia. Only in women plasma levels of leptin are correlated with BMI. As compared with men with overweight and obesity (BMI ≥25kg/m2), plasma levels of leptin were significantly higher in women with overweight and obesity (3905.97±463.91 pg/ml vs 1835.17±533.9 pg/ml) (p<0.002). Patient gender could not be demonstrated to influence prognosis. During the two years we recorded one or more readmissions in 26 patients (44%). The analysis of time till readmission using Kaplan-Meier curves, showed that leptin level (cut-off 2000 pg/ml, HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.83; p=0.01) and BMI (cut-off 28 kg/m2, HR 0.3164, 95% CI 0.145-0.0689; p<0.01) were significantly associated with prognosis.Conclusion. Patients with plasma levels of leptin >2000 pg/ml and BMI >28kg/m2 had a better prognosis, suggesting a protective role of leptin in overweight/mild obesity.

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High plasma levels of endothelin-1 in untreated Addison's disease

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1350696 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 135 (6) ◽

pp. 696-699 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Claudio Letizia ◽

Marco Centanni ◽

Luigi Scuro ◽

Gianluca Canettieri ◽

Sabrina Cerci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corticosteroid Therapy ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Addison’S Disease ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

High Plasma ◽

Control Group ◽

Addison's Disease ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽

Oral Corticosteroid Therapy

Letizia C, Centanni M, Scuro L, Canettieri G, Cerci S, De Ciocchis A, D'Ambrosio C, Scavo D. High plasma levels of endothelin 1 in untreated Addison's disease. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;135:696–9. ISSN 0804–4643 The aim of this study has been to investigate the plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in adult patients with proven Addison's disease (AD). Plasma ET-1 levels were measured in 29 subjects (17 males and 12 females, aged between 20 and 54 years): 15 of them were patients with AD and 14 were sex- and age-matched normal subjects, used as a control group. All patients with AD have been studied under basal conditions and nine of them also after 2 weeks on oral corticosteroid therapy (individual cortisol dosage ranging from 25 to 37.5 mg/day and 0.1 mg/day 9α-fluorohydrocortisone). Extracted plasma ET-1 was determined by a specific radioimmunoassay using rabbit endothelin antisera. Mean ET-1 values in the patients with AD were three times higher than in normal subjects (21.09 ± 4.38 pg/ml vs 6.72 ± 1.74 pg/ml; p < 0.0001). Plasma ET-1 levels assayed in the patients with AD after 2 weeks of corticosteroid therapy were significantly decreased (14.47 ± 3.7 pg/ml vs 22.8 ± 5.2 pg/ml; −37%; p < 0.001) compared to values in untreated patients. However, the plasma ET-1 values obtained following corticosteroid therapy were still significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those detected in the control subjects. These results clearly indicate that patients with untreated AD have increased circulating ET-1 levels that may be reduced by short-term corticosteroid therapy. Claudio Letizia, Policlinico Umberto I, II Clinica Medica, 00185 Roma, Italy

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Insights into Endothelin-3 and Multiple Sclerosis

BioMolecular Concepts ◽

10.1515/bmc-2020-0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 137-141

Author(s):

Lucia Monti ◽

Umberto Arrigucci ◽

Alessandro Rossi

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Vasoactive Peptides ◽

Repair Mechanisms ◽

Human Cardiovascular System ◽

Endothelin 3 ◽

The Relationship ◽

Cerebral Circulation Time

AbstractEndothelins are powerful vasoconstrictor peptides that play numerous other roles. Endothelin-1 (ET1) is the principal isoform produced by the endothelium in the human cardiovascular system. Endothelin-3 (ET3) and its rPptor affinity have been demonstrated to support neuronal repair mechanisms throughout life. In multiple sclerosis (MS), the role of vasoactive peptides are not well defined. Here we focus on ET3, specifically the plasma levels between MS patients and healthy subjects. Furthermore, we evaluated the changes in ET1 and ET3 plasma levels during different disease phases, the correlation between ET3 and cerebral circulation time, and the relationship between ET1 and ET3. In MS patients, the ET3 plasma levels were altered in a time-dependent manner. These results could support a putative role of ET3 in neuroprotection and/or neuroimmune modulation over time.

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The relationship between physical activity level and cardiovascular disease biomarkers in healthy, normal-weight 3- to 6-year-old children and their parents

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2016-0023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 907-910 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carol Huang ◽

Marja Cantell ◽

Susan Crawford ◽

Deborah Dewey ◽

Danièle Pacaud

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Activity Level ◽

Children At Risk ◽

Light Physical Activity ◽

Disease Biomarkers ◽

Multi Level ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

The Relationship ◽

Cardiovascular Biomarkers

To determine if physical activity is linked to cardiovascular biomarkers in preschool children at risk, we need information on these biomarkers in healthy normal-weight children. In this population, multi-level modelling analyses found no correlation between accelerometer recorded physical activity and fasting lipids, adiponectin, or insulin sensitivity. Exploratory analyses found positive correlations between adiponectin and time spent in light physical activity, and between triglyceride and time spent in sedentary behaviour; these findings need to be confirmed in longitudinal prospective studies.

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Role of endothelin receptor subtypes in the systemic and renal responses to endothelin-1 in humans.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ◽

10.1681/asn.v8132 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 32-39

Author(s):

K A Kaasjager ◽

S Shaw ◽

H A Koomans ◽

T J Rabelink

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Clinical Medicine ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Receptor Subtypes ◽

Endothelin Receptor ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Etb Receptor ◽

Endothelin 3

The authors recently reported that infusion of endothelin-1 in humans to obtain pathophysiological plasma levels causes profound renal vasoconstriction and sodium retention. The relative roles of the ETA- and ETB-receptor subtypes in these effects in humans is unknown. Such information is essential in view of the recent introduction of endothelin-receptor blockers in clinical medicine. The study presented here was designed to define the role of the ETA- and ETB-receptor subtypes in the renal actions of endothelin-1 in humans. Systemic infusion of endothelin-1, a nonselective receptor agonist, was compared with infusion of equimolar dosages of the ETB-selective agonist endothelin-3 in healthy volunteers. Endothelin-1 infusion was associated with an approximate 2.5-fold increase in plasma levels of endothelin-1. This was accompanied by an increase in blood pressure by approximately 6 mm Hg (P < 0.05). During endothelin-1 infusion, RPF decreased from 642 +/- 42 to 480 +/- 36 mL/min (P < 0.05) and GFR from 121 +/- 4 to 109 +/- 7 mL/min (P < 0.05). Sodium excretion rate decreased during endothelin-1 infusion, from a baseline value of 182 +/- 33 to 84 +/- 28 mumol/min at the end of the endothelin-1 infusion. Endothelin-3 infusion also resulted in a approximate 2.5-fold increase of plasma levels of endothelin-3. However, in contrast to the endothelin-1 infusion, endothelin-3 had no effect on blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, and electrolyte excretion. These results suggest that the systemic and renal vasoconstrictor effects of endothelin-1 in humans are predominantly mediated by the ETA receptors.

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Plasma Concentrations of Protriptyline and Clinical Effects in Depressed Women

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.128.4.384 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 128 (4) ◽

pp. 384-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

S. F. Whyte ◽

A. J. Macdonald ◽

G. J. Naylor ◽

J. P. Moody

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Side Effect ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Clinical Effects ◽

Drug Plasma ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Drug Plasma Levels ◽

The Relationship

SummaryWe studied the relationship between side effects, clinical outcome and the drug plasma levels in 28 female depressed patients treated with protriptyline. After 3½ weeks treatment, patients with plasma levels within a median range (630 to 900 nmol/1) showed better responses to the drug than patients with plasma levels outside this range.There were no statistically significant correlations between plasma levels and side effect scores or ‘corrected’ side effect scores (scores after subtracting pre-treatment values) for the group at any time after starting the treatment. But we found positive correlations between plasma levels and ‘corrected’ side effect scores for the neurotic subgroup after 14 and 21 days of treatment. Other correlations between plasma levels and side effect scores were non-significant.

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