scholarly journals PO 8289 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PLASMA LEVELS OF IL-27, IL-6 CYTOKINES AND P. FALCIPARUM INFECTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN LIVING IN MBALMAYO, CAMEROON

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A27.1-A27
Author(s):  
Balotin Fogang ◽  
Jean C Djontu ◽  
Rosette Megnekou ◽  
Lawrence Ayong
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Haemoglobin Level ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Addition Level ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe appropriate balance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines is necessary for protection against pregnancy-associated malaria and poor pregnancy outcomes. This study therefore aims to investigate the relationship between plasma levels of some regulatory cytokines and P. falciparum infection in Cameroonian women during pregnancy.MethodsPeripheral blood was collected from 131 women during pregnancy and 27 non-pregnant women living in the Mbalmayo area between May and December 2014. Parasitaemia was determined by microscopy and haemoglobin level using a haematological counter. Plasma levels of IL-27 and IL-6 cytokines were measured using the Magnetic Luminex Screening Assay technique.ResultsParasitaemia associated negatively with haemoglobin level (rs=–0.43; p<0.001). The plasma level of IL-6 was higher in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women (p=0.05). Regarding parasitaemia, plasma level of IL-27 was significantly higher in non-infected than in infected women (p=0.028) while that of IL-6 was significantly higher in infected women (p<0.0001). Moreover, parasitaemia correlated negatively with the plasma level of IL-27 (p=0.034) and positively with that of IL-6 (p<0.0001). In addition, level of IL-6 was significantly higher in anaemia-positive than in anaemia-negative women (p=0.028). On the other hand, level of IL-27 negatively associated with the parity (p=0.022) and gestation age (p=0.014).ConclusionThese results show that in pregnant women, P. falciparum malaria infection is associated with high plasma level of IL-6 and low level of IL-27, suggesting that IL-27 could have a protective effect against pregnancy-associated malaria while IL-6 seem to be a potential biomarker of the disease.

Clozapine - on the Level?

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
S.P. Natarajan ◽  
C. Lewin
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Patient Monitoring System ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Trough Plasma

Aim:To discover whether clozapine is being prescribed and monitored according to accepted guidelines.Method:Sample size 30 with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia generated from a list of patients attending clozapine clinic. Clozapine levels were done prospectively from December 07 to March 08.Results:Of 30 patients, 73% were male and 27% female. 57% were prescribed >450 mg once daily and 50% had trough plasma levels >0.60mg/l. Only 21% were within the therapeutic range (as recommended by Clozapine Patient Monitoring System) 0.35-0.60 mg/l. 29% of patients had a plasma level < 0.35 mg/l. Only 10% had plasma levels checked within the last 6 months.Among 8 patients taking more than 600 mg of clozapine, 5 had an anticonvulsant prescribed prophylactically. among 14 patients with a plasma level >0.60 mg/l, only five had an anticonvulsant co-prescribed.Discussion:The outcome of this audit has wide implications from a medico-legal perspective. There is significant evidence implicating clozapine in the development of metabolic syndrome as well as potentially serious side effects including seizures. It is important that clozapine plasma levels are checked when therapeutic doses (Maudsley guidance: 450mg once daily) are reached and that anticonvulsant prophylaxis is considered at high plasma levels.

scholarly journals The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjog Kalra ◽  
Adrienne Einarson ◽  
Tatyana Karaskov ◽  
Stan Van Uum ◽  
Gideon Koren
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Gestational Stress ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: Stress has been shown to cause a large range of adverse fetal effects. This pilot study is the first attempt to examine cortisol level in the hair of pregnant women and assess its potential as a biomarker of gestational stress. Patients and Methods: Twenty-five healthy pregnant women, in whom hair cortisol levels and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were measured and correlated. Results: Maternal hair cortisol levels, ranging between 0.06 and 0.23 nmol/g of hair correlated positively and significantly with measures of perceived stress (ranging between 2-22); (Rs=0.47) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings corroborate recent primate studies with induced stress, and suggest that hair cortisol is a potential biomarker of chronic stress in pregnancy. This new long term biological marker may have important implications in research and clinical practice.

Clinical outcome and olanzapine plasma levels in acute schizophrenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Mauri ◽  
CPC Steinhilber ◽  
R. Marino ◽  
E. Invernizzi ◽  
A. Fiorentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Label Study ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPurposeThis open label study was performed to evaluate the relationship between the plasma concentration of olanzapine and the response in acute schizophrenic inpatients.Material and methodsA total of 54 inpatients, 38 males and 16 females, age ranging from 18 to 75 years, affected by Schizophrenia (DSM IV criteria) during an exacerbation phase were included in the study. Olanzapine (OLZ) was started at a dose of 5–20 mg/day and was increased to a mean dose of 15.27 mg ±5.53 S.D. Patients were evaluated at baseline, and after 2 weeks, by using BPRS, PANNS, HRS-D, EPSE, and ACS.ResultsBPRS and total PANSS showed a statistically significant improvement at the end of the study. Olanzapine plasma levels (PL) ranged from 5 to 120 ng/ml (mean 33.15 ng/ml ± 28.28 S.D.) and showed a positive correlation with OLZ dosage. A significant curvilinear correlation between OLZ PL and clinical improvement (BPRS, PANSS and HRS-D percent of amelioration) was observed.ConclusionOlanzapine plasma level determination seems to be a useful tool in optimizing acute treatment particularly for more problematic cases.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of cortisol and opioid peptide beta-endorphin during spontaneous vaginal delivery

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Ljubica Arsenijevic ◽  
Zvezdana Kojic ◽  
Nada Popovic ◽  
Ljiljana Scepanovic
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Opioid Peptide ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Group 1

INTRODUCTION Labor pain is very frequent in clinical practice, but the underlying mechanisms as well as numerous neuroendocrine responses activated by such pain have not been fully explained yet. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine the influence of labor pain on plasma levels of cortisol and opioid peptide ?-endorphin. METHOD Cortisol and ?-endorphin levels were measured in blood plasma of: health, non-pregnant women (group 1, n=8), health pregnant women (group 2, n=8) and in parturitions, through fourth ages (group 3, n=8), Plasma level of cortisol was measured by radioimmunoassay, and ?-endorphin by enzyme immunoassay. Data were expressed as mean ? standard error of mean and were analyzed by Student's t test and Mann Whitney test. RESULTS Plasma level of cortisol in group 2 was significantly increased compared to the group 1. During labor progression, plasma level of cortisol was rising till the third labor age. Plasma level of cortisol in fourth labor age was not significantly different from the ag.e one and group 1. Plasma level of ?-endorphin was (n.g/L): in group 1:64?20, group 2:70?22, group 3:the first labor age: 75?15, the second labor age: 193?54, the third labor age: 346+97 and the fourth labor age: 114?31. CONCLUSION These results indicate that both ?-endorphin and cortisol are involved in regulation and modulation of labor pain and stress.

scholarly journals BETTER PROGNOSIS IN OVERWEIGHT/OBESE CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS WITH HIGH PLASMA LEVELS OF LEPTIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luminita Animarie Vida Simiti ◽  
Irina Todor ◽  
Mirela Anca Stoia ◽  
Cerasela Mihaela Goidescu ◽  
Florin Petru Anton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Severe Heart Failure ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Background and aim. The involvement of leptin in atherosclerosis is very complex, including inflammation, the oxidative stress and thrombosis. Leptin has atherogenic and also antiatherogenic actions. In obesity elevated leptin levels are not sufficient to prevent disturbances of energy balance, suggesting that obese people are leptin resistant. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between baseline plasma levels of leptin and the incidence of new ischemic events in patients with CHD.Methods. Plasma levels of leptin in fifty nine consecutive patients (29 men and 30 women) with CHD hospitalized in the County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Cluj-Napoca were measured using commercially available ELISA at admission. Patients with active infectious disease, neoplasia, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, hepatic or renal failure and severe heart failure were excluded The relationship between leptin levels and incident cardiovascular events (angina, nonfatal myocardial infarction or heart failure) over two years follow-up was studied using  MEDCALC version 9.6.Results. 73.6% patients with CHD were overweight or suffered of obesity. There were no significant differences between women and men regarding the plasma levels of leptin, the body mass index (BMI), the number of rehospitalizations, rehospitalizations/patient, diabetes mellitus, hypertension or dyslipidemia. Only in women plasma levels of leptin are correlated with BMI. As compared with men with overweight and obesity (BMI ≥25kg/m2), plasma levels of leptin were significantly higher in women with overweight and obesity (3905.97±463.91 pg/ml vs 1835.17±533.9 pg/ml) (p<0.002). Patient gender could not be demonstrated to influence prognosis. During the two years we recorded one or more readmissions in 26 patients (44%). The analysis of time till readmission using Kaplan-Meier curves, showed that leptin level (cut-off 2000 pg/ml, HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.83; p=0.01) and BMI (cut-off 28 kg/m2, HR 0.3164, 95% CI 0.145-0.0689; p<0.01) were significantly associated with prognosis.Conclusion. Patients with plasma levels of leptin >2000 pg/ml and BMI >28kg/m2 had a better prognosis, suggesting a protective role of leptin in overweight/mild obesity.

The relationship between plasma levels of leptin and androgen in healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yildiz Atamer ◽  
Ali Ceylan Erden ◽  
Bulent Demir ◽  
Yuksel KoÇyigit ◽  
AytaÇ Atamer
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Development of Symphysio Fundal Height Curve

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Chowdhury Taslima Nasrein ◽  
Ferdousi Begum ◽  
Jaglul Haider Khan ◽  
Novera Islam ◽  
Zahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To Develop a symphysio fundal height(SFH) curve of pregnant women from 20 weeks of pregnancy onwards; and to find out the relationship of fundal height with different variables. Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted from 1st january 2010 to 31st December 2010 on 159 patients with gestation age less than 20 weeks at entry in the OPD of Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital, Shere-e Bangla Nagar, Dhaka,Bangladesh. All the patients were followed up till delivery. Results: The measurements of SFH obtained on the basis of 10, 50th and 90th percentiles and the rate of growth of SFH was approximately 5 mm per week from 24 weeks to 36 weeks and thereafter it was 5-6 mm per week till 40 weeks.Patients with higher socioeconomic class had higher symphysio fundal height.SFH is less in younger subjects. SFH increases with increased height,weight,gestational age,gravidity of mothers and birth weight of the baby.Multiparous was predominant and more than one third (34.6%) of the study patients height belonged to 1.51 - 1.60 meters. The mean±SD gestational age was 39.2±1.4 weeks with range from 28 to 41 weeks. Low birth weight was found 17.0% and the mean±SD birth weight was 2.8±0.4 kg with range from 1.9 to 3.8 kg. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 20-24

scholarly journals Correlation between Saliva and Plasma Levels of Endothelin Isoforms ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roma Gurusankar ◽  
Prem Kumarathasan ◽  
Anusha Saravanamuthu ◽  
Errol M. Thomson ◽  
Renaud Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Coordinated Regulation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Endothelin 3 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cardiovascular Biomarkers

Although saliva endothelins are emerging as valuable noninvasive cardiovascular biomarkers, reports on the relationship between isoforms in saliva and plasma remain scarce. We measured endothelins in concurrent saliva and plasma samples (n=30 males; age 18–63) by HPLC-fluorescence. Results revealed statistically significant positive correlations among all isoforms between saliva and plasma: big endothelin-1 (BET-1, 0.55 ± 0.27 versus 3.35 ± 1.28 pmol/mL; r=0.38, p=0.041), endothelin-1 (ET-1, 0.52 ± 0.21 versus 3.45 ± 1.28 pmol/mL; r=0.53, p=0.003), endothelin-2 (ET-2, 0.21 ± 0.07 versus 1.63 ± 0.66 pmol/mL; r=0.51, p=0.004), and endothelin-3 (ET-3, 0.39 ± 0.19 versus 2.32 ± 1.44 pmol/mL; r=0.75, p<0.001). Correlations of BET-1, ET-1, and ET-3 within each compartment were positive in both plasma (p<0.05) and saliva (p≤0.1), whereas ET-2 was not significantly correlated with other isoforms in either plasma or saliva. For all isoforms, concentrations varied on average fivefold between individuals (90th/10th percentiles); individuals with high plasma endothelin levels generally had high saliva endothelin levels. Our results reveal that salivary ET isoform profiles portray the plasmatic profiles and support the view of coordinated regulation of ET-1 and ET-3, but distinct regulatory pathways for ET-2.

Plasma Level of IL-1β in Disseminated Intravascular Goagulation

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Wada ◽  
Shigehisa Tamaki ◽  
Motoaki Tanigawa ◽  
Mikio Takagi ◽  
Yoshitaka Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Necrosis Factor

SummaryThe plasma level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was determined in normal individuals, patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), patients in the pre-DIC period (within 7 days before the onset of DIC), and non-DIC patients to examine the relationship between DIC and the plasma ILlp level. The plasma IL-1β level was 0-0.085 ng/ml in normal individuals, with little difference being seen according to related age. It was significantly higher in the DIC group (0.19 ± 0.19 ng/ml) than in the pre-DIC group (0.05 ± 0.08 ng/ml) or the non-DIC group (0.09 ± 0.01 ng/ml). The plasma IL-1β level was not markedly elevated in leukemia patients, even in the DIC group, but it was significantly increased in the DIC group of solid cancer patients and was generally elevated in patients with sepsis. It was markedly elevated to 0.39 ± 0.26 ng/ml in patients with organ failure. When mononuclear cells were incubated with lipopolysaccharide, it was found that IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor, and tissue factor (TF) were released into the medium, and there was an increase of TF release from endothelial cells incubated with this medium. These results suggest that the increase in IL-Iβ reflected the activation of monocytes and may be an important factor in DIC and its associated organ failure.

Mapping the Informing Relationship: Pregnant Women’s Representations of Midwives as Information Sources

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Caring Relationships ◽  
Femmes Enceintes ◽  
The Relationship

Caring relationships are recognized as important resources for information seekers. I consider how nine pregnant women map their relationships with their midwives as they evaluate them as information sources. Data come from interviews. Women described the relationship as a trajectory, beginning with the “idea” of a midwife. As women get to know their midwife, they are able to draw on a set of resources, including the relationship itself, as informative. These resources are not static but are re-negotiated on an ongoing basis. A single encounter therefore maps both to the trajectory of the relationship and to a broader discursive community.Les relations bienveillantes sont reconnues comme ressources importantes pour ceux qui cherchent de l'information. En analysant les données de neuf entrevues, je tenterai de déterminer comment neuf femmes enceintes se représentent leur relation avec leur sage-femme vue comme source d'information. Les femmes décrivent leur relation comme une trajectoire qui s'appuie sur « l'idée » qu'elles se font d'une sage-femme. Au fur et à mesure que la relation avec leur sage-femme évolue, les femmes peuvent se prévaloir d'un ensemble de ressources informatives, y compris la relation elle-même. Ces ressources ne se veulent pas statiques, mais bien renégociées de façon continue. Une rencontre unique représente alors la trajectoire d'une relation ainsi que d'une communauté discursive. 

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