Improved Reactivity of Fly Ash-Slag Geopolymer by the Addition of Silica Fume

This study investigates the improved reactivity of a geopolymer based on a combination of fly ash and blast furnace slag (BFS) by the addition of silica fume. The geopolymer was synthesized by activating a mixture of fly ash, BFS, and three different types of silica fume with alkali activator. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) were utilized to characterize the reaction. The silicate structure was also analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. From these results, it was found that the replacement of fly ash with the silica fume led to a significant decrease in theQ4(1Al) and an increase in theQ4(2Al),Q4(3Al), andQ4(4Al). The Si/Al ratio of the aluminosilicate gel was relatively constant, ranging from 2.0 to 2.6, while the Si/Al ratio of the C-S-H gel increased with the addition of silica fume. Therefore, some of the Al dissolved from the slag contributed to the formation of aluminosilicate gel, and the remnant slag particles mostly participated in the formation of the C-(A)-S-H gel with a decrease in theQ2(1Al). The increase in the reactivity of slag caused by the addition of silica fume was attributed to the reaction of the Al in the slag with the silica fume.

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Cd2+ and Cr3+ Cation Immobilization by Using Geopolymer Based on PT. IPMOMI Fly Ash

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.841.186 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 841 ◽

pp. 186-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hamzah Fansuri ◽

I’Is M. Anisatun ◽

Anif Fatmawati ◽

Wahyu Prasetyo Utomo ◽

Warih Supriadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Heavy Metal Cations ◽

Geopolymer Paste

This study investigates the immobilization of Cd2+ and Cr3+ by using geopolymer paste based on PT. IPMOMI fly ash. The best composition of geopolimers paste was determined based on the highest magnitude of its 7 days compressive strength. Geopolymer pastes were prepared by varying SiO2/Al2O3 and Na2O/SiO2 molar ratio of the starting materials. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were employed to examined these compositions. The molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 6.46 was found to produce the highest compressive strength of the resulting geopolymer paste, i.e 25 MPa and increased to 33.17 MPa by adjusting the ratio of Na2O/SiO2 to 0.65. Cd2+ and Cr3+ cations were added into geopolymers resin at the level of 1000 – 16000 ppm (mg/kg fly ash) and it was found to improve their compressive strength. The addition of 4000 ppm of Cd2+ increased the compressive strength to 38.6 MPa while the inclusion of 6800 ppm of Cr3+ reached 47.83 MPa. Further addition of cations reduced these values and the lowest compressive strength was observed on the addition of 16000 ppm of Cd2+ and Cr3+, i.e 8.65 MPa and 4.39 MPa, respectively. Leaching test was conducted by using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and the distribution of heavy metal cations were examined by using SEM-EDX. The results showed that geopolymer pastes were able to immobilize Cr3+ at the studied level as there was no trace of Cr3+ detected after 6.5 hours of leaching. Geopolymer pastes were also found to completely immobilize Cd2+ at the level of 1000 ppm albeit the addition of 16000 ppm results in 6.26% leached out of this cation.

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High-efficiency method for recycling lithium from spent LiFePO4 cathode

Nanotechnology Reviews ◽

10.1515/ntrev-2020-0119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1586-1593

Author(s):

Tingting Yan ◽

Shengwen Zhong ◽

Miaomiao Zhou ◽

Xiaoming Guo ◽

Jingwei Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Moisture Analysis ◽

Lifepo4 Cathode ◽

Solid Liquid

Abstract The extraction of Li from the spent LiFePO4 cathode is enhanced by the selective removal using interactions between HCl and NaClO to dissolve the Li+ ion while Fe and P are retained in the structure. Several parameters, including the effects of dosage and drop acceleration of HCl and NaClO, reaction time, reaction temperature, and solid–liquid ratio on lithium leaching, were tested. The Total yields of lithium can achieve 97% after extraction process that lithium is extracted from the precipitated mother liquor, using an appropriate extraction agent that is a mixture of P507 and TBP and NF. The method also significantly reduced the use of acid and alkali, and the economic benefit of recycling is improved. Changes in composition, morphology, and structure of the material in the dissolution process are characterized by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, particle size distribution instrument, and moisture analysis.

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Characterization of Fly Ash Generated from Matla Power Station in Mpumalanga, South Africa

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2012/451801 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1788-1795 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Olushola S. Ayanda ◽

Olalekan S. Fatoki ◽

Folahan A. Adekola ◽

Bhekumusa J. Ximba

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Coal Fly Ash ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Point Of Zero Charge ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Power Station ◽

X Ray ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry

In this study, fly ash was obtained from Matla power station and the physicochemical properties investigated. The fly ash was characterized by x-ray fluorescence, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Surface area, particle size, ash and carbon contents, pH, and point of zero charge were also measured. The results showed that the fly ash is alkaline and consists mainly of mullite (Al6Si2O13) and quartz (SiO2). Highly toxic metals As, Sb, Cd, Cr, and Pb as well as metals that are essential to health in trace amounts were also present. The storage and disposal of coal fly ash can thus lead to the release of leached metals into soils, surface and ground waters, find way into the ecological systems and then cause harmful effect to man and its environments.

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P2O5-Free Cerium Containing Glasses: Bioactivity and Cytocompatibility Evaluation

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12193267 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (19) ◽

pp. 3267

Author(s):

Gigliola Lusvardi ◽

Francesca Sgarbi Stabellini ◽

Roberta Salvatori

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Doped Glasses ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽

Sbf Solution ◽

Xrd Techniques

(1) Background: valuation of the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of P2O5-free and CeO2 doped glasses. (2) Methods: all glasses are based on the Kokubo (K) composition and prepared by a melting method. Doped glassed, K1.2, K3.6 and K5.3 contain 1.2, 3.6, and 5.3 mol% of CeO2. Bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests were carried out in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution and murine osteocyte (MLO-Y4) cell lines, respectively. Leaching of ions concentration in SBF was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The surface of the glasses were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. (3) Results: P2O5-free cerium doped glasses are proactive according to European directives. Cerium increases durability and retards, but does not inhibit, (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HA) formation at higher cerium amounts (K3.6 and K5.3); however, cell proliferation increases with the amount of cerium especially evident for K5.3. (4) Conclusions: These results enforce the use of P2O5-free cerium doped bioactive glasses as a new class of biomaterials.

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Synthesis and characterization of Na-P1 (GIS) zeolite using a kaolinitic rock

10.21203/rs.3.rs-111813/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Novembre ◽

Domingo Gimeno ◽

Alessandro Del Vecchio

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Rietveld Method ◽

Ambient Pressure ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Cell Parameters ◽

Inductively Coupled

Abstract This work focuses on the hydrothermal synthesis of Na-P1 zeolite by using a kaolinite rock coming from Romana (Sassari, Italy). The kaolin is calcined at a temperature of 650 °C and then mixed with calculated quantities of NaOH. The synthesis runs are carried out at ambient pressure and at variable temperatures of 65 ° and 100 °C. For the first time compared to the past, the Na-P1 zeolite is synthesized without the use of additives and through a protocol that reduces both temperatures and synthesis times. The synthesis products are analysed by X-ray diffraction, high temperature X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The cell parameters are calculated using the Rietveld method. Density and specific surface area are also calculated. The absence of amorphous phases and impurities in synthetic powders is verified through quantitative phase analysis using the combined Rietveld and reference intensity ratio methods.The results make the experimental protocol very promising for an industrial transfer.

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Thermal Behavior of Mg-Doped Calcium-Deficient Apatite and Stabilization of β Tricalcium Phosphate

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac106.68376845 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 6837-6845

Keyword(s):

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Β Phase ◽

Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Lower Temperature ◽

Mg Doped

β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is a bioceramic with unique osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. It can be obtained by calcining calcium-deficient apatites (CDHA) at 750°C and above. The reduction of calcining temperature or the stabilization of the β phase, by doping, is therefore of particular interest. This paper investigates the preparation of CDHA with a theoretical 0.05 Mg/(Ca + Mg) ratio and (Ca+Mg)/P = 1.55 via precipitation method, and the resultant powder is calcined at a different temperature ranging from 80 to 715°C. The as-synthesized undoped powder was used as the reference in this study. The effect of calcination temperature and composition were investigated by the aid of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study indicated that the powder was pure Mg-doped beta-tricalcium phosphate. The incorporation of Mg within the calcium phosphate lattice promoted the formation and stabilization of the β -TCP phase at a lower temperature.

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Comparative Study on Minerals in Peel and Pulp of Peach (Prunus persica L.) Fruit

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.6.7323 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 2282-2286

Author(s):

Snezana Mitic ◽

Branka Stojanovic ◽

Snezana Tosic ◽

Aleksandra Pavlovic ◽

Danijela Kostic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Peach Fruit ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Different Types ◽

Post Hoc

In this study, variations of minerals contents between peel and pulp parts of six different peach varieties originated from Serbia were investigated by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometry and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey�s post-hoc test. The content of fifteen elements was determined and content of K was highest among macroelements and Fe among microelements in both parts of the peach fruit. Also, peach peel had higher levels of all minerals with the exception of K. Greater differences between the peel and the pulp and the same parts of different types of peaches are observed in the case of macroelements than the microelements. Hg and Cd are not detected while the contents of Pb and As are below prescribed values.

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Simultaneous Electrodeposition of Silver and Tungsten from [EMIm]Cl:AlCl3 Ionic Liquids outside the Glove Box

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings10060553 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 553

Author(s):

Dominik Höhlich ◽

Thomas Mehner ◽

Ingolf Scharf ◽

Thomas Lampke

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Phase System ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Two Phase ◽

X Ray ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Simultaneous Electrodeposition ◽

Electrodeposition Of Silver

Ag–W two-phase system was prepared by electrodeposition using anhydrous 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMIm]Cl ionic-liquid (IL) solution with AlCl3 in different ratios. The deposition took place outside the glove box with a continuous Ar stream over the electrolyte at 120 °C and a pulsed-like current regime. Resultant layers show areas of Ag and W with an overall W content with a mass fraction of w W = 50% (mole fraction x W = 36.9%). The phase composition of Ag–W layers was observed by X-ray diffraction, and the chemical composition was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy.

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Bioleaching for the Removal of Arsenic from Mine Tailings by Psychrotolerant and Mesophilic Microbes at Markedly Continental Climate Temperatures

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min10110972 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 972

Author(s):

Kuanysh N. Seitkamal ◽

Nariman K. Zhappar ◽

Valentin M. Shaikhutdinov ◽

Aigerim K. Shibayeva ◽

Sadia Ilyas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mine Tailings ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Solid Concentration ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Biological Removal ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Shake Flasks ◽

Removal Of Arsenic

This study investigated the biological removal of heavy metals from mine tailings in Kazakhstan using acidophilic microorganism strains Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans 535 and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans 377. The experiments were conducted in shake flasks at pH 1.6, various temperatures (28 °C, 18 °C, and 8 °C), and 10% solid concentration (w/v). The results of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that arsenic was particularly efficiently removed at 28 °C. At this temperature, A. ferrooxidans 377 was more efficient at removal than the other strain. Meanwhile, A. ferrivorans 535 was more efficient than A. ferrooxidans 377 at 8 °C. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this study is that arsenic can be removed at a low temperature and high solid concentration. The results of this study support the idea that microorganisms can be used for removing arsenic via a combination of biooxidation and chemical methods.

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