scholarly journals Patient Isolation Precautions: Are They Worth It?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott Sprague ◽  
Steven Reynolds ◽  
Peter Brindley
Keyword(s):  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Patient Isolation ◽  
Monetary Cost ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Do So

Isolation precautions are intended to minimize pathogen transmission and reduce hospital-acquired infections. More recently, the effectiveness of isolation precautions has been questioned because of increasing evidence of risks. These putative downsides are divided into a quantifiable monetary cost (i.e., a literal cost to the system) and clinically important but less easily quantifiable costs (i.e., “costs” to the patient). The authors also briefly review deisolation and alternatives to isolation. The present review is not arguing against appropriate isolation or precautions, simply that the authors consider both risks and benefits and disseminate up-to-date information. Their patient-focused goal is to mitigate risks for those who truly need isolating and to end isolation as soon as it is safe and appropriate to do so.

scholarly journals Association between ward-transfers and hospital-acquired infection: a study using routine data

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Boncea ◽  
P Expert ◽  
C Costelloe
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Trust ◽  
London Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Ward-transfers have become more common as hospital staff balance patient needs with bed availability on specific wards. However, increased movement through the hospital may leave patients more vulnerable to potential infectious pathogen transmission routes via increased exposure to contaminated surfaces and more contacts with individuals. This may increase their risk of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), an adverse event associated with greater antibiotic resistance, patient costs, morbidity, and mortality. This study aimed to quantify the association between the number of ward-transfers undergone during a hospital spell and the outcome of HAI. As elderly patients comprise a large proportion of hospital users and are a high-risk population for HAIs, analysis was focused on people over 65-years old. A retrospective case-control study was undertaken using data extracted from electronic health records and microbiology cultures of non-elective medical admissions to a London hospital trust between January 2016 and December 2018 (n = 24,439). Logistic regression was used to obtain the odds ratio for developing a HAI as a function of the number of ward-transfers until onset of HAI for cases, or hospital discharge for controls, while controlling for covariates including length of stay, procedures and comorbidities. Each additional ward-transfer increased the odds of developing a HAI by 8% (OR 1.08; 95%CI:1.04-1.12). The hospital is a complex environment, and interventions should be viewed in light of their impact on the system as a whole. These findings indicate that non-essential ward-transfers of elderly patients should be minimised. This may lower the incidence of infections in this population, potentially reduce the number of pathogen transmission routes in hospitals and alleviate staff burden incurred by ward-transfer associated procedures. Key messages We analysed 3 years of patient movement and microbiology data of elderly patients in a London hospital trust. Each ward-transfer increased the risk of developing a hospital-acquired infection by 8%. Reducing the number of non-essential ward-transfers patients undergo may lower the incidence of hospital-acquired infections; the decision to move a patient should therefore be carefully considered.

scholarly journals Trap and kill of environmental microbes: Validation of a novel decontamination technology in Hospital ICU setting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanju Jose ◽  
Kruttika S. Phadke ◽  
Janani Venkatraman ◽  
Bhuvana Krishna ◽  
Sriram Sampath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Chamber ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Kill Rate ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Central Paradigm ◽  
Do So ◽  
Game Changer ◽  
Environmental Microbes

AbstractNosocomial infections, also known as hospital-acquired infections (HAI), appear 48 hours or more after hospital admission and are independent of the original infirmity of the patient. To prevent or to reduce HAI, the central paradigm is to construct protective barriers between the large number of people who are sick and whose immune systems are compromised in the precincts of the hospital. Microbes that result in HAI do so by two routes of infection: touch and aerosol. We describe here ZeBox technology, a voltage induced synergistic killing of the microbe on designed surfaces, as a game-changer in this domain. Its kill rate is hitherto unmatched by any known chemical or non-chemical (viz; UV, ionisation) technology. In an enclosed test chamber, under challenge conditions, ZeBox technology can kill about a billion microbes in 10 minutes. When tested under clinical settings, the device could effectively reduce microbes, both from air and surfaces with more than 90% efficiency. The optimum requirement to reduce HAI would be to construct an online microbicidal device that operates in a continuous trap and kill mode in the background of people and patient movement, and decontaminates air and surfaces. We present unequivocal data to fortify our claims of online, continuous, safe, trap and kill mechanism of ZeBox technology.

scholarly journals Status and Progress in the Control of Infection in Chinese Hospitals

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Wenlong He
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Sound Management ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control

AbstractThis paper summarizes the characteristics and control of hospital-wide infections as identified by domestic surveys and research studies. This review also provides references to establish the basis for the control and management of hospital-acquired infection. Hospital-acquired infections are mainly initiated by Gram-negative bacteria and mainly localize in the lower respiratory tracts of patients. The intensive care unit has the highest infection rate among all hospital departments. Infants and the elderly are the most susceptible groups of patients to infection. Hands are an important route of pathogen transmission. The abuse of antibacterial drugs is an important factor of hospital-acquired infection. To control hospital-acquired infections, a sound management system should be established. In addition, medical staff, especially newcomers and interns, must receive strengthened training to improve their knowledge of hospital-acquired infection. Hand hygiene and the rational use of antibacterial drugs should be emphasized.

Isolation of post operative hospital acquired infections in a private hospital of Bangladesh and identification of clonal relatedness of E. coli by using Pulse filed gel electrophoresis

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Mohammad Murshed ◽  
Sabeena Shahnaz ◽  
Md. Abdul Malek
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Dressing Materials

Isolation and identification of post operative hospital acquired infection was carried out from July 2008 to December 2008 in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (private hospital). The major pathogen of wound infection was E. coli. A total; of 120 samples were collected from the surrounding environment of post operative room like floor, bed sheets, instruments, dressing materials, catheter, nasogastric and endotracheal tube. E. coli (40%) was the predominant organism followed by S. aureus (24%). DNA fingerprinting analysis using pulsed field gel electreopheresis of XbaI restriction digested genomic DNA showed that clonal relatedness between the two clinical nd environmental isolates were 100%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19369 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 7-10

HOSPITAL INFECTION IN SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Dinh Tan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: To study nosocomial infections and identify the main agents causing hospital infections at Hue University Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 385 patients with surgical interventions. Results: The prevalence of hospital infections was 5.2%, surgical site infection was the most common (60%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (35%), urinary tract infections (5%). Surgical site infection (11.6%) in dirty surgery. There were 3 bacterial pathogens isolated, including Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcusspp (25%). Conclusion: Surgical site infection was high in hospital-acquired infections. Key words: hospital infections, surgical intervention, surgical site infection, bacteria

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