Isolation of post operative hospital acquired infections in a private hospital of Bangladesh and identification of clonal relatedness of E. coli by using Pulse filed gel electrophoresis

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Mohammad Murshed ◽  
Sabeena Shahnaz ◽  
Md. Abdul Malek
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Dressing Materials

Isolation and identification of post operative hospital acquired infection was carried out from July 2008 to December 2008 in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (private hospital). The major pathogen of wound infection was E. coli. A total; of 120 samples were collected from the surrounding environment of post operative room like floor, bed sheets, instruments, dressing materials, catheter, nasogastric and endotracheal tube. E. coli (40%) was the predominant organism followed by S. aureus (24%). DNA fingerprinting analysis using pulsed field gel electreopheresis of XbaI restriction digested genomic DNA showed that clonal relatedness between the two clinical nd environmental isolates were 100%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19369 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 7-10

scholarly journals Candida spp. isolated from inpatients, the environment, and health practitioners in the pediatric unit at the Universitary Hospital of the Jundiaí Medical College, state of São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Ruiz Storti ◽  
Giuliano Pasquale ◽  
Rogério Scomparim ◽  
Ana Lúcia Galastri ◽  
Flávio Alterthum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Staff ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Hospital Acquired

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to isolate and identify Candida spp. from the environment, health practitioners, and patients with the presumptive diagnosis of candidiasis in the Pediatric Unit at the Universitary Hospital of the Jundiaí Medical College, to verify the production of enzymes regarded as virulence factors, and to determine how susceptible the isolated samples from patients with candidiasis are to antifungal agents. METHODS: Between March and November of 2008 a total of 283 samples were taken randomly from the environment and from the hands of health staff, and samples of all the suspected cases of Candida spp. hospital-acquired infection were collected and selected by the Infection Control Committee. The material was processed and the yeast genus Candida was isolated and identified by physiological, microscopic, and macroscopic attributes. RESULTS: The incidence of Candida spp. in the environment and employees was 19.2%. The most frequent species were C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis among the workers, C. guilliermondii and C. tropicalis in the air, C. lusitanae on the contact surfaces, and C. tropicalis and C. guilliermondii in the climate control equipment. The college hospital had 320 admissions, of which 13 (4%) presented Candida spp. infections; three of them died, two being victims of a C. tropicalis infection and the remaining one of C. albicans. All the Candida spp. in the isolates evidenced sensitivity to amphotericin B, nystatin, and fluconazole. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the rate of hospital-acquired infections caused by Candida spp. indicates the need to take larger measures regarding recurrent control of the environment.

scholarly journals Impact of sensitization workshop on knowledge and awareness of hospital-acquired infection among nurses of a teaching hospital in India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Shubhada Avachat ◽  
Deepak Phalke ◽  
Mrinal Zambare ◽  
Vaishali Phalke
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
The Impact

Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) in healthcare settings is the most frequent adverse event in healthcare delivery worldwide. Hundreds of millions of patients are affected by HAI worldwide each year, leading to significant patient mortality rates and financial losses for health systems. We evaluated the impact of a sensitization workshop on knowledge and awareness of HAI among nurses in a medical college hospital in rural area of Ahmednagar district, India from March 2010 to August 2010. One hundred staff nurses, who had more than one year of experience, had attended the workshops on HAI. Pre- and post-test data was collected by a questionnaire. A significant increase in number of nurses having knowledge regarding commonly occurring HAI and routes of transmission , barrier nursing and hygienic hand washing techniques, hospital waste management (its importance and color coding), and the im-portance of an infection control team was observed after the workshop. Education and training of healthcare workers about standard infection control can reduce the extent of risks of HAI. Nurses have a critical role to play in preven-tion measures and infection control and they should have the opportunity for continuous professional development. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i2.15960 South East Asia J Public Health | Jul-Dec 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 2 | 77-79

scholarly journals Association between ward-transfers and hospital-acquired infection: a study using routine data

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Boncea ◽  
P Expert ◽  
C Costelloe
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Trust ◽  
London Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Ward-transfers have become more common as hospital staff balance patient needs with bed availability on specific wards. However, increased movement through the hospital may leave patients more vulnerable to potential infectious pathogen transmission routes via increased exposure to contaminated surfaces and more contacts with individuals. This may increase their risk of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), an adverse event associated with greater antibiotic resistance, patient costs, morbidity, and mortality. This study aimed to quantify the association between the number of ward-transfers undergone during a hospital spell and the outcome of HAI. As elderly patients comprise a large proportion of hospital users and are a high-risk population for HAIs, analysis was focused on people over 65-years old. A retrospective case-control study was undertaken using data extracted from electronic health records and microbiology cultures of non-elective medical admissions to a London hospital trust between January 2016 and December 2018 (n = 24,439). Logistic regression was used to obtain the odds ratio for developing a HAI as a function of the number of ward-transfers until onset of HAI for cases, or hospital discharge for controls, while controlling for covariates including length of stay, procedures and comorbidities. Each additional ward-transfer increased the odds of developing a HAI by 8% (OR 1.08; 95%CI:1.04-1.12). The hospital is a complex environment, and interventions should be viewed in light of their impact on the system as a whole. These findings indicate that non-essential ward-transfers of elderly patients should be minimised. This may lower the incidence of infections in this population, potentially reduce the number of pathogen transmission routes in hospitals and alleviate staff burden incurred by ward-transfer associated procedures. Key messages We analysed 3 years of patient movement and microbiology data of elderly patients in a London hospital trust. Each ward-transfer increased the risk of developing a hospital-acquired infection by 8%. Reducing the number of non-essential ward-transfers patients undergo may lower the incidence of hospital-acquired infections; the decision to move a patient should therefore be carefully considered.

Hospital-acquired infection awareness and control practices among healthcare staff: an evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
Pallavi Saraswat ◽  
Rajnarayan R Tiwari ◽  
Muralidhar Varma ◽  
Sameer Phadnis ◽  
Monica Sindhu
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background/Aims Hospital-acquired infections pose a risk to the wellbeing of both patients and staff. They are largely preventable, particularly if hospital staff have adequate knowledge of and adherence to infection control policies. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness and practice of hospital-acquired infection control measures among hospital staff. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 71 staff members in a tertiary healthcare facility in Karnataka, India. The researchers distributed a questionnaire containing 33 questions regarding knowledge of hospital-acquired infections, awareness of infection control policies and adherence to control practices. The results were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16.0 and a Kruskal–Wallis test. Results Respondents' mean percentage score on the knowledge of hospital-acquired infections section was 72%. Their mean percentage scores on the awareness and practice of infection prevention measures sections were 82% and 77% respectively. Doctors and those with more years of experience typically scored higher. Conclusion The respondents had an acceptable level of knowledge, awareness and adherence to infection control practices. However, continued training is essential in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections. The majority of the respondents stated that they were willing to undertake training in this area, and this opportunity should be provided in order to improve infection control quality.

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERS OF HOSPITAL ACQUIRED INFECTIONS IN THREE PRIVATE HOSPITAL, JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1262-1269
Author(s):  
Maram Ahmed Enani ◽  
◽  
Razan Mohammed Alzahrani ◽  
Khlood Aziz Alzubaidy ◽  
Refal Ghassa Ajjaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Powerful Analytical Tool for Monitoring Microbiological Growth on Medical Implants

2008 ◽  
pp. 487-496
Author(s):  
Louise M. Oliver ◽  
E. T. McAdams ◽  
P. S.M. Dunlop ◽  
J. A. Byrne ◽  
I. S. Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Catheter Surface ◽  
Intravascular Catheters ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are defined as infections that are neither present nor incubating when a patient enters the hospital (Bourn, 2000). Their effects vary from discomfort to prolonged or permanent disability and they may contribute directly or substantially to a patient’s death. HAI’s are estimated to cost the National Health Service (NHS) in England £1 billion annually (Bourn, 2000) with as many as 5,000 patients dying as a result of acquiring such an infection (Anon, 2001). Not all hospital-acquired infections are preventable but Infection Control Teams believe that they could be reduced by at least 15%, with yearly savings of £150 million (Anon, 2001). Central intravascular catheters have been found to be a common source of infection. Catheters can become infected via a number of different routes with the infection proliferating in multiple areas along the catheter surface. It has been reported that over 40% of the identified micro-organisms causing hospital-acquired infection were Staphylococci, an organism that is typically found on the natural skin flora (Bourn, 2000).

scholarly journals 2020. Impact of Local Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidelines through a Cellphone App to Lower Hospital-acquired MDR Infections in a Private Hospital in Mexico City

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S678-S678
Author(s):  
Marco Villanueva Reza ◽  
Lorena Lanz-Zubiria ◽  
Israel Rojas de Ita ◽  
Paulo Castañeda-Méndez ◽  
Esperanza Aleman Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Healthcare Program ◽  
Local Patterns ◽  
The One ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Background Hospital-acquired multi-drug-resistant organisms (HA-MDRO) infections are associated with increased cost, length of stay, morbidity, and mortality. The prevalence of HA-MDRO has been increasing worldwide. We look to describe how the implementation of local guidelines as an app available for tablets or cellphones in our hospital in 2014 decrease the prevalence of HA-MDRO. Methods Local guidelines were implemented as an electronic application available and intended for hospital staff only. This app gives local patterns of resistance for bacteria with treatment recommendations alongside suggested antimicrobial drugs for empiric treatment. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results In 2013, before implementing the app, HA-MDRO were reported in 25% of hospital-acquired infection. After the introduction of the app, compliance in 2014 was 56.7% with HA-MDRO reported in 20%, 2015 use was 60.7% and HA-MDRO in 18%, 2016 compliance 68.7% and HA-MDRO in 16%, 2017 compliance in 73.7% and HA-MDRO in 14%, lastly in 2018 prevalence was 15% of HA-MDRO while use of local guidelines was 78.7%. Different type of infections (VAP, HAP, UTI, SSI, BSI) also decreased while following guidelines recommendations. Conclusion These programs are needed as a part of the healthcare program to control the HA-MDRO morbidity and complications. Simple friendly-user electronic applications such as the one implemented in our hospital led to higher compliance and lower hospital-acquired infections. Antimicrobial stewardship programs and local guidelines should be part of the standard of care of all hospitals. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Comparison of the efficacy of Solifenacin Succinate and Tolterodine for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Mohammad Monsur Hallaz ◽  
BH Nazma Yasmeen ◽  
Nadia Sultana ◽  
Mahfuza Akter ◽  
Nurul Alam Basher
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Overactive Bladder Syndrome ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Release Preparation ◽  
Solifenacin Succinate ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
New Generation

Background : Overactive Bladder Syndrome(OAB) is not an uncommon problem. Although exact incidence of this disease in our country is not known but a significant number of people suffering from this disease seek treatment at the Urology department of different hospitals. At present two common antimuscarinic drug Solifenacin Succinate and Tolterodine are available in our country for the treatment of OAB.Objective : To compare the efficacy of Solifenacin Succinate and Tolterodine to treat OAB.Methodology : This hospital based randomized control trial was conducted in the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka and a private hospital from January 2009 to December 2010 to compare the efficacy of two new generation antimuscarinics, Solifenacin succinate and Tolterodine at their recommended doses for the treatment of OAB.Results : After 3 months of treatment it has clearly shown that Solifenacin is more effective in reducing OAB symptoms compared with extended release preparation of Tolterodine. This include statistically significant reduction in episodes of frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, nocturia and significant improvement of voided volume.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.8(2) January 2017: 231-234

scholarly journals Avoiding ventilator-associated pneumonia: Curcumin-functionalized endotracheal tube and photodynamic action

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (37) ◽  
pp. 22967-22973
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Zangirolami ◽  
Lucas D. Dias ◽  
Kate C. Blanco ◽  
Carolina S. Vinagreiro ◽  
Natalia M. Inada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Hospital-acquired infections are a global health problem that threatens patients’ treatment in intensive care units, causing thousands of deaths and a considerable increase in hospitalization costs. The endotracheal tube (ETT) is a medical device placed in the patient’s trachea to assist breathing and delivering oxygen into the lungs. However, bacterial biofilms forming at the surface of the ETT and the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria are considered the primary causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), a severe hospital-acquired infection for significant mortality. Under these circumstances, there has been a need to administrate antibiotics together. Although necessary, it has led to a rapid increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Therefore, it becomes necessary to develop alternatives to prevent and combat these bacterial infections. One possibility is to turn the ETT itself into a bactericide. Some examples reported in the literature present drawbacks. To overcome those issues, we have designed a photosensitizer-containing ETT to be used in photodynamic inactivation (PDI) to avoid bacteria biofilm formation and prevent VAP occurrence during tracheal intubation. This work describes ETT’s functionalization with curcumin photosensitizer, as well as its evaluation in PDI against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. A significant photoinactivation (up to 95%) against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria was observed when curcumin-functionalized endotracheal (ETT-curc) was used. These remarkable results demonstrate this strategy’s potential to combat hospital-acquired infections and contribute to fighting antimicrobial resistance.

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