scholarly journals The Multiple Facets of Lutein: A Call for Further Investigation in the Perinatal Period

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serafina Perrone ◽  
Monica Tei ◽  
Mariangela Longini ◽  
Giuseppe Buonocore
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Prophylactic Use

Lutein may have important antioxidant actions in free-radical-mediated diseases, in addition to its well-known antioxidant and cytoprotective effects on macula and photoreceptors. The peculiar perinatal susceptibility to oxidative stress indicates that prophylactic use of antioxidants as lutein could help to prevent or at least to reduce oxidative stress related diseases in newborns. Since lutein is not synthesized by humans, the intake primarily depends on diet or supplementation. Newborns receive lutein exclusively from breast milk. Lutein supplementation in term newborns has been reported to reduce oxidative stress and increase antioxidant capacities in the first days of life. Innovative frontiers concerning lutein supplementation are orientated toward cardiometabolic health improvement and cognitive benefits. The safety of lutein as an antioxidant agent has been confirmed in experimental and clinical studies, but its routine use is not recommended in perinatal period. This review summarizes what is known about the role of lutein as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in animal model and humans.

scholarly journals Curcumin and Endometriosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Vallée ◽  
Yves Lecarpentier
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Gynecological Disorders ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Endometriosis is one of the main common gynecological disorders, which is characterized by the presence of glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Some findings have highlighted the main role of inflammation in endometriosis by acting on proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, could have a key role in the initiation and progression of endometriosis by resulting in inflammatory responses in the peritoneal cavity. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this disease are still unclear and therapies are not currently efficient. Curcumin is a major anti-inflammatory agent. Several findings have highlighted the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties of curcumin. The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential action of curcumin in endometriosis by acting on inflammation, oxidative stress, invasion and adhesion, apoptosis and angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Use of Melatonin in Oxidative Stress Related Neonatal Diseases

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Gabriella D’Angelo ◽  
Roberto Chimenz ◽  
Russel J. Reiter ◽  
Eloisa Gitto
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Perinatal Brain Injury ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Prophylactic Use

Reactive oxygen species have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of perinatal diseases. Exposure to inflammation, infections, or high oxygen concentrations is frequent in preterm infants, who have high free iron levels that enhance toxic radical generation and diminish antioxidant defense. The peculiar susceptibility of newborns to oxidative stress supports the prophylactic use of melatonin in preventing or decreasing oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Melatonin, an effective direct free-radical scavenger, easily diffuses through biological membranes and exerts pleiotropic activity everywhere. Multiple investigations have assessed the effectiveness of melatonin to reduce the “oxygen radical diseases of newborn” including perinatal brain injury, sepsis, chronic lung disease (CLD), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Further studies are still awaited to test melatonin activity during perinatal period.

Therapeutic potential of resveratrol in diabetic nephropathy according to molecular signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Salami ◽  
Raziyeh Salami ◽  
Alireza Mafi ◽  
Mohammad-Hossein Aarabi ◽  
Omid Vakili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Renal Protection ◽  
Natural Polyphenol ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Oxidative Effects

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) as a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is a crucial menace for human health and survival and remarkably elevates the healthcare systems’ costs. Therefore, it is worth noting to identify novel preventive and therapeutic strategies to alleviate the disease conditions. Resveratrol, as a well-defined anti-diabetic/ antioxidant agent has capabilities to counteract diabetic complications. It has been predicted that resveratrol will be a fantastic natural polyphenol for diabetes therapy in the next few years. Objective: Accordingly, the current review aims to depict the role of resveratrol in the regulation of different signaling pathways that are involved in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inflammatory processes, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction, as critical contributors to DN pathophysiology. Results: The pathogenesis of DN can be multifactorial; hyperglycemia is one of the prominent risk factors of DN development that is closely related to oxidative stress. Resveratrol, as a well-defined polyphenol, has various biological and medicinal properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects. Conclusion : Resveratrol prevents kidney damages that are caused by oxidative stress, enhances antioxidant capacity, and attenuates the inflammatory and fibrotic responses. For this reason, resveratrol is considered an interesting target in DN research due to its therapeutic possibilities during diabetic disorders and renal protection.

Abstract 441: Cerebral Vasospasm Depends On Rac-1 Mediated Oxidative Stress

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmine Vecchione ◽  
Alessandro Landolfi ◽  
Alba Di Pardo ◽  
Umberto Bettarini ◽  
Giuseppe Lembo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Hypertensive Crisis ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Vascular Response ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is one of the most common events related to hypertensive crisis. The cerebral vasospasm is the complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage that causes more frequently death. Experimental evidences describe a direct relationship between hemolysed blood and vasospasm. Understand the molecular basis of vasospasm could help to reduce the mortality in patients with cerebrovascular damage. To clarify this aim, carotid and basilary arteries of rats were mounted on pressure myography and perfused at 100 mmHg. The vessels were placed in intracerebral fluid and entire (eb) or hemolysed blood (hb) was added. Our results showed that the eb did not modify the diameter of the vessel. Meanwhile, hb caused a clear vasoconstriction (max vasoconstriction: 10±1 vs 430±15, p<0.01). Previous studies have hypothesized that oxidative stress could be involved in the cerebral vasospasm. So, the vessels were incubated with Tyron, an antioxidant agent. Our data demonstrated that the administration of Tyron reduced the vasoconstriction induced by hb (max vasoconstriction: 205±7 vs 410±12, p<0.01) without influencing the effect of eb, suggesting an involvement of oxidative stress in the vascular response. Moreover, using lucigenin assay we found an increase in oxidative stress directly in the vessel treated with hb. One of the most important source of oxidative stress is the NADPH oxidase which needs Rac-1 to be activated. Our results demonstrated that the hb, and not the eb, was able to activate Rac-1 in the vessel, evaluated by Rac-1/PAK complex. To clearly define the role of Rac-1 in the vasoconstriction induced by hb, the vessels were transfected with an adenoviral vector containing Rac-1 dominant negative or an empty adenoviral vector. In this experimental condition, the vascular response induced by the hb was significantly blunted as compared to vessels treated with the empty adenovirus (max vasoconstriction: 180±7 vs 390±17, p<0.01). Our results demonstrate that the vasoconstriction induced by the hb is induced by Rac-1-mediated oxidative stress. Thus, Rac-1 could represent the target of novel therapeutic strategies to reduce the cerebral vasospasm and so the mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Abstract 135: Obesity Accelerates the Deterioration of Renal Function in Developmental Programming of Hypertension. Role of Angiotensin Ii and Oxidative Stress

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Tapia ◽  
Juan M Moreno ◽  
Maria T Llinas ◽  
F. Javier Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Developmental Programming ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Renal Vascular ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Numerous studies have shown gender-dependent differences in the deterioration of renal function in models of developmental programming of hypertension (DPH). It is also known that obesity is associated to changes in renal function and that both angiotensin II (Ang II) and oxidative stress are involved in the renal alterations that occur in obesity and in animals with DPH. The main objectives were to examine whether the increment of arterial pressure (AP) and the deterioration of renal function are accelerated as a consequence of obesity in SD rats with DPH; whether these changes are gender-dependent; and to evaluate the role of Ang II and oxidative stress in these AP and renal function changes. A high fat diet (60%) was given during the first 4 months of age and DPH was induced by an AT receptor antagonist during nephrogenic period (ARAnp). Systolic AP (mmHg) was greater (P<0.05) in ARAnp-obese rats (167 ± 3 in ♂; 146 ± 4 in ♀) than in ARAnp (155 ± 3 in ♂; 137 ± 3 in ♀); obese (147 ± 2 in ♂; 137 ± 2 in ♀) or control (127 ± 1 in ♂; 119 ± 2 in ♀) rats. Three days administration of candesartan (7 mg/kg/day) led to a decrease in AP that was greater (P<0.05) in ARAnp-obese rats (55 ± 3 in ♂; 45 ± 4 in ♀) than in ARAnp (40 ± 3 in ♂; 37 ± 4 in ♀); obese (38 ± 4 in ♂; 27 ± 4 in ♀) or control (12 ± 2 in ♂; 14 ± 3 in ♀) rats. The acute Ang II infusion (30 ng/kg/min) induced an increase in renal vascular resistance (mmHg/ml/min/gr kw) that was also greater in ARAnp-obese rats (217 ± 45% in ♂; 145 ± 38% in ♀) than in ARAnp (103 ± 9% in ♂; 97 ± 8% in ♀); obese (106 ± 14% in ♂; 106 ± 17 in ♀) or control (51 ± 7% in ♂; 51 ± 10% in ♀) rats. The response to candesartan or Ang II infusion in ARAnp-obese rats was gender-dependent and may be explained by an enhanced oxidative stress. The expression of P67phox in the renal cortex was greater (P<0.05) in ARAnp-obese rats (3,00 ± 0,05 in ♂; 2,60 ± 0,04 in ♀) than in ARAnp (1,16 ± 0,04 in ♂; 1,66 ± 0,03 in ♀); obese (0,94 ± 0,06 in ♂; 1,02 ± 0,02 in ♀) or control (1,00 ± 0,02 in ♂; 1,02 ± 0,023 in ♀) rats. The results of this study suggest that obesity at an early age enhances the hypertension and accelerates the deterioration of renal function that occurs when cardiovascular disease is programmed during the perinatal period. It is also shown that Ang II and oxidative stress seems to play an important role in these AP and renal function changes.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases: Nutraceutical Interventions Related to Caloric Restriction

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7772
Author(s):  
Pamela Senesi ◽  
Anna Ferrulli ◽  
Livio Luzi ◽  
Ileana Terruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Nutraceutical Compounds ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are closely associated and represent a key public health problem worldwide. An excess of adipose tissue, NAFLD, and gut dysbiosis establish a vicious circle that leads to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Caloric restriction (CR) is the most promising nutritional approach capable of improving cardiometabolic health. However, adherence to CR represents a barrier to patients and is the primary cause of therapeutic failure. To overcome this problem, many different nutraceutical strategies have been designed. Based on several data that have shown that CR action is mediated by AMPK/SIRT1 activation, several nutraceutical compounds capable of activating AMPK/SIRT1 signaling have been identified. In this review, we summarize recent data on the possible role of berberine, resveratrol, quercetin, and L-carnitine as CR-related nutrients. Additionally, we discuss the limitations related to the use of these nutrients in the management of T2DM and CVD.

scholarly journals Melatonin Exerts Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuromodulatory Effects That Could Potentially Be Useful in the Treatment of Vertigo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Joaquin Guerra ◽  
Jesus Devesa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The acute phase of vertigo involves multiple neurotransmitters, inflammatory mediators, and products of oxidative stress. The vestibular pathway has multiple melatonin receptors distributed along its path, both centrally and peripherally. In addition, melatonin has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent against factors related to vertigo, such as Bax/caspases, interleukins, and chemokines. Likewise, it exerts central GABAergic, antidopaminergic, and anti-migraine functions and regulates sympathetic activity in a similar way to the drugs classically used in acute vestibular crisis. In this review, the role of melatonin as a potential treatment of the acute phase of vertigo is discussed.

THE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND INFLAMMATION IN CARDIOMETABOLIC HEALTH OF CHILDREN DURING CANCER TREATMENT AND POTENTIAL IMPACT OF KEY NUTRIENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Bélanger ◽  
Abderrahim Benmoussa ◽  
Mélanie Alasie Napartuk ◽  
Alexandre Warin ◽  
Caroline Laverdière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Potential Impact

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: Establishment of Reference Values for Isoprostanes, AOPP, and NPBI in Cord Blood

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Longini ◽  
Elisa Belvisi ◽  
Fabrizio Proietti ◽  
Francesco Bazzini ◽  
Giuseppe Buonocore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Fenton Chemistry ◽  
Term Newborns

Oxidative stress (OS) is a common pathogenic factor involved in the onset of several diseases in humans, from immunologic disorders to malignancy, being a serious public health problem. In perinatal period, OS has been associated with adverse outcome of pregnancy and neonatal diseases. Dangerous effects of OS are mediated by increased production of free radicals (FRs) following various mechanisms, such as hypoxia, ischemia reperfusion, hyperoxia, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, Fenton chemistry, and prostaglandin metabolism. FRs have short half-life, and their measurement in vivo is faced with many challenges. However, oxyradical derivatives are stable and thus may be measured and monitored repeatedly. The quantification of OS is based on the measurement of specific biomarkers in biologic fluids and tissues, which reflect induced oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Prostanoids, non–protein-bound iron (NPBI), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) are actually considered truly specific and reliable for neonatal injury. Defining reference values for these biomarkers is necessary to investigate their role in neonatal diseases or also to evaluate the success of treatments. In this work, we wanted to define laboratory reference values for biomarkers of OS in a healthy population of term newborns.

Mechanistic Pathways of Selenium in the Treatment of Graves’ Disease and Graves’ Orbitopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 887-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Marinò ◽  
Giovanna Dottore ◽  
Marenza Leo ◽  
Claudio Marcocci
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Graves Orbitopathy ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
The Subject

AbstractBased on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Graves’ hyperthyroidism and Graves’ orbitopathy, the use of the antioxidant agent selenium has been proposed and several studies on the subject have been conducted, both in vitro and in vivo. Whereas a true benefit related to the use of selenium in patients with Graves’ hyperthyroidism has been questioned, its use in patients with mild Graves’ orbitopathy is generally believed to be beneficial because of which selenium has entered in the clinical practice for this eye condition.

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