scholarly journals Coxiella burnetiiSeroprevalence and Risk Factors in Cattle Farmers and Farm Residents in Three Northeastern Provinces and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu-Wen Sun ◽  
Wei Cong ◽  
Mao-Hui Li ◽  
Chun-Feng Wang ◽  
Xiao-Feng Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ◽  
Farm Residents

Little is known aboutCoxiella burnetiiinfection among cattle farmers and farm residents in China. Thus, the present study was conducted to detect the seroprevalence ofC. burnetiiinfection and estimate associated risk factors among cattle farmers and farm residents in China. A cross-sectional study was designed, and sera of 362 people living or working on 106 cattle farms were tested forC. burnetiiIgG and IgM antibodies by immunofluorescence assay. OverallC. burnetiiseroprevalence was 35.6% (129/362, 95% CI: 30.70–40.57), and 112 participants had experienced a past infection and seventeen (4.7%) had experienced a relatively recent infection. In the final combined multilevel model, the following activities were significantly associated with presence of antibodies againstC. burnetii: milking cattle, providing general healthcare to cattle, providing birth assistance, contact dead-born animals, urbanization, and presence of mice and/or rats in the stable. Moreover, presence of disinfection equipment was a significant protective factor. This is the first study addressing the seroprevalence and risk factors ofC. burnetiiinfection in cattle farmers and farm residents in three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Kigali, Rwanda

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esperance Murebwayire ◽  
Kariuki Njanaake ◽  
Jean Claude S. Ngabonziza ◽  
Walter Jaoko ◽  
Kato J. Njunwa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Congenital Deformities ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Background: Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy, if left untreated, is associated with spontaneous abortions, low birth weight babies, congenital deformities and intrauterine deaths. The infection is also associated with human immune deficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). In Rwanda, the burden and risk factors of T. gondii infection among pregnant women and among HIV infected pregnant women is largely unknown. This cross-sectional study aimed at determining the seroprevalence of T. gondii infections and their risk factors among pregnant women in Kigali, Rwanda.Methods: Pregnant women aged 18 years and above who were attending antenatal care at four clinics in Kigali City, between April and August 2014 were screened for IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii using ELISA technique. Information on their HIV status and CD4+ cell count was obtained from their medical records. Participants were also interviewed on selected behaviours that predispose individuals to T. gondii infection.Results: A total of 384 pregnant women were involved in the study. The overall T. gondii seroprevalence was 12.2%. Of the 384 pregnant women studied, 37 (9.6%) were positive for anti-T. gondii-specific IgG antibodies, indicating past infection and 15 (3.9%) had positive IgM results indicating recent infection. Drinking untreated water and eating undercooked meat were identified as important risk factors for T. gondii infection respectively at 22.4% and 22.3% [OR=3.95, CI:2.09-7.49; p<0.001 and OR=3.27, 95% CI: 1.75-6.09; p<0.001].Conclusion: Although the seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies is relatively low, institution of interventional measures is desirable.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors for Pterygium in Han and Mongolian adults: across-sectional study in inner Mongolian, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhan Wang ◽  
Guangliang Shan ◽  
Linyang Gan ◽  
Yonggang Qian ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: To investigate the prevalence of pterygium and associated factors in Han and Mongolian adults at four survey sites in Inner Mongolia, China.Methods: We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study as part of the China National Health Survey (CNHS). By means of a stratified sampling method, we finally included 2,651 participants of 30 years of age or older from a total of 3,468 eligible residents. Factors associated with pterygium were analysed by a univariate analysis and logistic regression models.Results: The study population included 1,910 Han and 741 Mongolian adults. The mean age±standard deviation of the study cohort was 48.93±11.06 years. The overall prevalence of pterygium was 6.4% (n=169); 1.4% (n=38) of the cases were bilateral and 4.8% (n=128) were unilateral. The most common grade of pterygium was Grade 2. Based on the results of the univariate analysis, eleven factors were included in a multivariate analysis. The results indicated that age (P<0.001), outdoor occupation (P=0.026), and time spent in rural areas (P<0.001) were significantly associated with pterygium. Sex and ethnicity were not identified as risk factors.Conclusions: Our results indicated that outdoor occupation, old age and more time spent in rural areas were risk factors for pterygium in Inner Mongolia. At the same time, town as a survey site (Hohhot and Tsining District) was a protective factor for pterygium. Ethnicity, gender, smoking, diabetes and high blood pressure are not associated with pterygium.Trial registration KEYWORDS: pterygium, prevalence, Han and Mongolian, risk factors, protective factors

scholarly journals The characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection: an outpatient population-based study in Changsha, Hunan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingsi Gao ◽  
Yu-Ligh Liou ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Lingxiao Zou ◽  
Waixing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Test Kit

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of cervical HPV infection in Changsha area and explored the influence of Candida vaginitis on this infection. From 11 August 2017 to 11 September 2018, 12,628 outpatient participants ranged from 19 to 84 years old were enrolled and analyzed. HPV DNA was amplified and tested by HPV GenoArray Test Kit. The vaginal ecology was detected by microscopic and biochemistry examinations. The diagnosis of Candida vaginitis was based on microscopic examination (spores, and/or hypha) and biochemical testing (galactosidase) for vaginal discharge by experts. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by t-tests and by Chi-square tests, respectively. HPV infection risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Of the total number of participants, 1753 were infected with HPV (13.88%). Females aged ≥ 40 to < 50 years constituted the largest population of HPV-infected females (31.26%). The top 5 HPV subtypes affecting this population of 1753 infected females were the following: HPV-52 (28.01%), HPV-58 (14.83%), CP8304 (11.47%), HPV-53 (10.84%), and HPV-39 (9.64%). Age (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1–1.01; P < 0.05) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.09–1.56; P < 0.01) were found to be risk factors for HPV infection. However, the presence of Candida in the vaginal flora was found to be a protective factor against HPV infection (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48–0.8; P < 0.001). Comparing with our previous study of 2016, we conclude that the subtype distribution of HPV infection is relatively constant in Changsha. Our data suggest a negative correlation between vaginal Candida and HPV, however, more radical HPV management is required in this area for perimenopausal women and those who regularly consume alcohol.

scholarly journals Behavioural risk factors in university students in Bucaramanga, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Martinez-Rueda ◽  
M A Camacho ◽  
I J Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors

Abstract Background The changes generated in the studentś lifestyle due to the academic demands, may favour the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases as well as compromise other domains of their life. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of behavioural risk factors in students of the Professional in Physical Activity and Sports program of a University in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 189 students was conducted. The students were surveyed with the first step of the STEPs questionnaire, which evaluates the behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases. A descriptive data analysis was performed, and Pearson tests were applied to determine the correlation between the analysed variables with a level of significance α = 0.05 using STATA 13.0. Results 80% of the participants were men. The age average was 22.7 ± 3.85 years. Regarding tobacco use, 10.1% of the participants were current smokers, while 30% smoked before. The majority of the participants (92.2%) have consumed alcohol within the past 12 months, while 69.8% consumed alcohol within the last month, with 8.7% of hazardous drinking. Concerning the diet, only 24.9% met the recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables per day. When assessing physical activity levels, only 6.3% were classified as physically inactive. Additionally, an average of 6 hours of sedentary behaviour was found, with 31.2% of excessive sedentary time. A weak correlation was found between age and academic cycle with the amount of physical activity at work (r = 0.24), (r = 0.18) and with sedentary time (r = -0.28), (-0, 32). Conclusions Although the prevalence of tobacco consumption was slightly higher than the national average, the students showed a lower prevalence of behavioural risk factors than the general population. However, it is necessary to promote strategies aimed at the control and prevention of these risk factors. Key messages Being a student of a program focused on physical activity and sport, can behave as a protective factor against the most prevalent risk factors in university life. It is necessary to implement more strategies centred on making students aware of the importance of the maintenance and improvement of their lifestyles in accordance with their professional profile.

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