scholarly journals The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Depression and Anxiety in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faeze Panahi ◽  
Mahbobeh Faramarzi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
And Control

Objective. Little research has been done regarding the role of psychotherapy in the treatment of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on the PMS symptoms and depression and anxiety symptoms in women with PMS. Design. In a randomized controlled trial, a total of 60 students at Mazandaran University with mild to moderate PMS who had depressive symptoms (Beck depression scores 16–47) were randomly allocated to either an experimental (n=30) or a control (n=30) group. The experimental group received MBCT in eight group sessions (120 min each) over 8 weeks. The control group received no intervention. All participants completed the Premenstrual Assessment Scale (PAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) at the beginning and the end of the study. Repeated-measure ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Results. At the end of study, the experimental and control groups showed the following scores, respectively (mean ± SD): depression, 15.73±6.99 and 25.36±7.14; anxiety, 16.96±7.78 and 26.60±9.38; and total PAS, 42.86±8.02 and 58.93±8.47. MBCT improved depression and anxiety symptoms and total PAS score. Conclusion. MBCT intervention is acceptable and potentially beneficial in women with PMS symptoms. Psychotherapy should be considered as a treatment option for mild to moderate PMS in women with depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Chatbot for Anxiety and Depression for University Students: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Klos ◽  
Milagros Escoredo ◽  
Angie Joerin ◽  
Viviana Noemí Lemos ◽  
Michiel Rauws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
College Students ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND The use of artificial intelligence based chatbots as an instrument of psychological intervention is emerging, however no studies have been reported in Latin America. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate usage patterns and whether the use of a chatbot is effective for relieving depression and anxiety symptoms compared to a control group utilizing a psychoeducation book in Argentina. METHODS This was a randomized controlled trial study utilizing the chabot Tess throughout eight weeks. The initial sample consisted of 181 Argentinian college students ages 18 to 33, 87.2% female. Of those, 33 participants in the experimental condition and 30 in the control condition provided data on depressive symptoms at week eight, and 27 participants in the experimental condition and 23 in the control condition provided data on anxiety symptoms at week eight. Between and within group comparisons were analysed using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests for depression symptoms, and Independent and Paired Samples t Tests to analyze anxiety symptoms. RESULTS There was no significant intergroup differences between the experimental group and the control group for depression and anxiety symptoms from baseline to week eight (P>.05). However, there were significant intragroup differences, where the experimental group showed a significant decrease in anxiety symptoms (P=.04) and no differences were observed for the control group (P=.33). No significant differences were found for depressive symptoms within the groups (P>.05). The effect size of the intervention was moderate for anxiety (d=.50) and small for depression (r=.09). In regards to participants engagement after eight weeks, there was an average of 472 exchanged messages (M=472.15; SD=249.52) and a higher number of messages exchanged with Tess was associated with positive feedback (F2,36=4.37; P=.02). CONCLUSIONS Students engaged a considerable amount of time exchanging messages with Tess and positive feedback was associated with higher numbers of messages exchanged. The initial results show promising evidence for the use of Tess for anxiety symptoms and a lower effect on depressive symptoms in Argentinian college students. Research on chatbots is still in its initial stages and further research is needed.

scholarly journals Does Benzocaine Toothpaste Have More Pain-Relieving Effect Compared To Placebo Toothpaste In Orthodontic Patients? A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladan Eslamian ◽  
Sepideh Soheilifar ◽  
Sanaz Soheilifar ◽  
Seyed Alireza Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Pain management in fixed orthodontic treatment is an important challenge. None of the present methods has been successful in pain relief. The objective of this double-blind cross-over trial was to compare the effect of benzocaine-contained toothpaste and placebo toothpaste on relieving pain caused by fixed orthodontic treatment.Methods and material:Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences with experience of pain in previous appointment were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 5% benzocaine-contained toothpaste, placebo toothpaste and control group. Eligibility criteria included being in leveling and alignment stage, 6-8 mm space deficiency, no acute or chronic pain or frequent consumption of analgesic drugs. Patients were instructed to use toothpastes 3 times in a day. Main outcome was pain experienced by patients according to Visual Analogue Scale at 8 different time intervals in 7 days. Randomization was done with random numbers in opaque envelopes for sequence of appointments. Blinding was applicable for patients, operator and outcome assessor. Data analysis was done with repeated measure ANOVA for assessing overall effect and Bonferroni for pairwise analysis. P value was assigned to be 0.05.Results: From 33 patients who participated in the study, 27 patients (23 females and 4 males) completed the study. Each patient was randomly allocated to all 3 groups in cross-over design. Mean pain in benzocaine group was less than the placebo and control group (28.63± 25.43, 31.31± 22.09 and 31.20 ± 24.09, respectively). Benzocaine toothpaste group experienced statistically significantly less pain than the other two groups at 2 hours (P˂ 0.015). No adverse event was observed in patients.Conclusion:Benzocaine contained toothpaste can decrease pain perceived at first hours after orthodontic appointment. Registration and protocol: This trial was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT2015010120523N1) at 16/04/2015.

scholarly journals Role of Music Therapy in Reducing the Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: A variety of psychological factors can manipulate the severity of premenstrual syndrome. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of music therapy in reducing anxiety and depression in premenstrual syndrome. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest method with a control group. The statistical population of this study included 30 women with the premenstrual syndrome who were referred to Rah-e-Bartar Clinic, Tehran, Iran, in the first six months of 2019. They were then selected voluntarily and assigned randomly in two groups of experimental and control (15 cases per group). Subsequently, the participants were requested to complete Beckchr('39')s Anxiety Test and Beckchr('39')s Depression Test before and after the intervention. A researcher-made music-therapy program was used as the therapeutic intervention. The experimental group was then asked to participate in 12 sessions of music therapy each lasted for 45 min (two sessions per week). At the end of the intervention, the experimental group re-completed the tests at the posttest phase, and the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results: According to the results, after comparing the experimental and control groups at the posttest, the anxiety (Sig=0.06; F=0.12) and depression (Sig=0.09, F=0.10) scores were obtained greater than 0.05. Conclusion: It can be concluded that music therapy was effective in reducing the psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, two of the most important of which are anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Peripheral Markers of Stress and Inflammation in Older-Adults With Depression and Anxiety: A Parallel Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Belliveau ◽  
Corina Nagy ◽  
Sophia Escobar ◽  
Naguib Mechawar ◽  
Gustavo Turecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Expression Levels

Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent in older-adults and often difficult to treat: up to 55% of patients are unresponsive to pharmacotherapy. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a promising treatment, however, its biological mechanisms remain unknown in older-adults.Methods: We examined if, in older-adults, decreased depression and anxiety symptoms after MBCT are associated with changes in the expression levels of C-reactive protein, Interleukin-1β, Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and mineralocorticoid receptor compared to treatment as usual (TAU). Older-adults (age ≥60) with depression and anxiety were randomized to MBCT or treatment as usual. Gene expression levels from blood samples were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (n = 37) at baseline and after 8-weeks of MBCT or TAU.Results: As previously published, we found a significant reduction in symptoms of depression F (1, 35) = 10.68, p = 0.002, partial η2 = 0.23 and anxiety F (1, 35) = 9.36, p = 0.004, partial η2 = 0.21 in geriatric participants following MBCT compared to TAU. However, the expression levels of measured genes were not significantly different between groups and were not associated with changes in depression and anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the symptom reduction following MBCT in older-adults may not be accompanied by changes in the stress-response and inflammatory pathways. Future research should address other potential biological alterations associated to MBCT that may be responsible for the reduction of symptoms.

scholarly journals Mamma Mia – A randomized controlled trial of an internet-based intervention for perinatal depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1850-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silje Marie Haga ◽  
Filip Drozd ◽  
Carina Lisøy ◽  
Tore Wentzel-Larsen ◽  
Kari Slinning
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Perinatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackgroundStudies suggest that 10–15% of perinatal women experience depressive symptoms. Due to the risks, problems with detection, and barriers to treatment, effective universal preventive interventions are needed. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an automated internet intervention (‘Mamma Mia’) on perinatal depressive symptoms. Mamma Mia is tailored specifically to the perinatal phase and targets risk and protective factors for perinatal depressive symptoms.MethodsA total of 1342 pregnant women were randomized to an intervention (‘Mamma Mia’) and control group. Data were collected at gestational week (gw) 21–25, gw37, 6 weeks after birth, and 3 and 6 months after birth. We investigated whether (1) the intervention group displayed lower levels of depressive symptoms compared with the control group, (2) the effect of Mamma Mia changed over time, (3) the effect on depressive symptoms was moderated by baseline depressive symptoms, previous depression, and parity, and (4) this moderation changed by time. Finally, we examined if the prevalence of mothers with possible depression [i.e. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)-score ⩾10] differed between the intervention and control group.ResultsParticipants in the Mamma Mia group displayed less depressive symptoms than participants in the control group during follow-up [F(1) = 7.03, p = 0.008]. There were indications that the effect of Mamma Mia was moderated by EPDS score at baseline. The prevalence of women with EPDS-score ⩾10 was lower in the Mamma Mia group at all follow-up measurements.ConclusionsThe study demonstrated the effects of the automated web-based universal intervention Mamma Mia on perinatal depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mindfulness Techniques in Decreasing Anxiety and Depression in Women Victims of Spouse Abuse

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Shahrbanoo Ghahari ◽  
Nooshin Khademolreza ◽  
Fatemeh Sadeghi Poya ◽  
Siamak Ghasemnejad ◽  
Bahram Gheitarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Women Victims ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Spouse Abuse ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety are outputs of domestic violence and victims should be treated using medical and nonmedical treatment. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in reducing anxiety and depression of women victims of domestic violence in Tehran. The study is an empirical research in kind of pretest-posttest plan with a control group. Statistical population consists of women victims of domestic violence in Tehran referred to several psychiatric clinics in Tehran for treatment by 2015. The statistical sample consists of 30 women selected randomly, who were placed into two groups, each group with 15 members. The experimental group was under the intervention of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for 8 sessions and control group was in waiting list. Both groups, fulfilled Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in final step and end of treatment. Obtained data was analyzed using ANOVA and using SPSS22 software. The obtained results from the study show that there is a significant difference between two experimental and control groups in terms of depression and anxiety after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention (p<001). The obtained results from the study show that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can affect the reduction of anxiety and depression of women victims of domestic violence.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness Techniques in Decreasing Anxiety and Depression in Women Victims of Spouse Abuse

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrbanoo Ghahari ◽  
Nooshin Khademolreza ◽  
Fatemeh Sadeghi Poya ◽  
Siamak Ghasemnejad ◽  
Bahram Gheitarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Women Victims ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Spouse Abuse ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety are outputs of domestic violence and victims should be treated using medical and nonmedical treatment. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in reducing anxiety and depression of women victims of domestic violence in Tehran. The study is an empirical research in kind of pretest-posttest plan with a control group. Statistical population consists of women victims of domestic violence in Tehran referred to several psychiatric clinics in Tehran for treatment by 2015. The statistical sample consists of 30 women selected randomly, who were placed into two groups, each group with 15 members. The experimental group was under the intervention of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for 8 sessions and control group was in waiting list. Both groups, fulfilled Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in final step and end of treatment. Obtained data was analyzed using ANOVA and using SPSS22 software. The obtained results from the study show that there is a significant difference between two experimental and control groups in terms of depression and anxiety after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention (p<001). The obtained results from the study show that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can affect the reduction of anxiety and depression of women victims of domestic violence.

The Estimation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in patients with prostatitis by fully automated ELISA technique.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1100-1104
Author(s):  
Hussein Naeem Aldhaheri ◽  
Ihsan Edan AlSaimary ◽  
Murtadha Mohammed ALMusafer
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
And Control

      The Aim of this study was to determine Immunogenetic expression of  Toll-like receptor gene clusters related to prostatitis, to give acknowledge about Role of TLR in prostatitis immunity in men from Basrah and Maysan provinces. A case–control study included 135 confirmed prostatitis patients And 50 persons as a control group. Data about age, marital status, working, infertility, family history and personal information like (Infection, Allergy, Steroid therapy, Residency, Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, Blood group, Body max index (BMI) and the clinical finding for all patients of Prostatitis were collected. This study shows the effect of PSA level in patients with prostatitis and control group, with P-value <0.0001 therefore the study shows a positive significant between elevated PSA levels and Prostatitis.

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