scholarly journals Structural Glass Systems under Fire: Overview of Design Issues, Experimental Research, and Developments

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Bedon
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Constructional Material ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Structural Glass ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Standard Glass ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Actual Design ◽  
Thermal Phenomena

Architectural design concepts incorporating glass beams, panels, or generally load-carrying elements and stiffeners for buildings, claddings, windows, and partitions are largely considered in modern high-rise constructions. A multitude of aspects, including motivations related to transparency, aesthetics, illumination, and energy conservation, progressively increased the use and interest for such a still rather innovative constructional material. However, compared to other traditional materials for buildings, standard glass is typically characterized by brittle behaviour and limited tensile resistance. The intrinsic properties of glass, moreover, together with typically limited thickness-to-size ratios for glazing elements, or the mutual interaction of glass components with adjacent constructional elements as a part of full assemblies they belong (i.e., fixing systems, sealants, etc.), as well as the combination of mechanical and thermal phenomena, make glass structures highly vulnerable. Special safety design rules are hence required, especially under extreme loading conditions. In this review paper, a state of the art on structural glass systems exposed to fire is presented. Careful consideration is paid for actual design methods and general regulations, as well as for existing research outcomes—both at the material and assembly levels—giving evidence of current challenges, issues, and developments.

scholarly journals Textiles and Fabrics for Enhanced Structural Glass Facades: Potentials and Challenges

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Chiara Bedon ◽  
Vlatka Rajčić
Keyword(s):  
Constructional Material ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design ◽  
Structural Glass ◽  
Actual Knowledge ◽  
Acoustic Insulation ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Building Engineering

The use of textiles in architecture can cover a wide set of solutions and functions, spanning from buildings, towards geotechnical, aeronautic or automotive fields, etc. Special applications involve textiles in the health care or dressing scenarios. A multitude of other functions can then be found relatively for the use of textiles in building engineering and facades. As far as traditional facades or roofs composed of glass are taken into account, textiles offer a relevant number of potential uses that are specifically focused on energy, acoustic, insulation and even structural goals, in addition to pure architectural objectives. It is known that glass is relatively versatile, but has intrinsic needs and thermo-physical and mechanical features that require dedicated design methods, towards safe design purposes. Glass itself, in the form of constructional material, cannot be directly compared to other consolidated solutions for buildings. The same concept applies to textiles, and to their use to enhance other building components. Besides the key advantages deriving from the use of textiles in glass facades and envelopes—in the form of light, thermal or acoustic insulation, or energy efficiency—special care must be spent for specific structural requirements and performances. In some cases, textiles can in fact offer enhanced resistance to ordinary glass structures. In other conditions, textiles in combination with glass can ensure also enhanced acoustic and thermal performances. A multidisciplinary design approach able to properly fit several objectives should be considered. This paper aims at exploring the actual knowledge on glass textiles, with a focus on available tools and research trends, with careful consideration for structural glass facade applications.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Method for Evaluation of Visual Privacy in Residential Environments

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
He Zheng ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
Heyi Wei ◽  
Jinbiao Yan ◽  
Jianfeng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
High Density ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Visual Exposure ◽  
Building Management ◽  
Visual Privacy ◽  
Building Level

With the rapid expansion of high-rise and high-density buildings in urban areas, visual privacy has become one of the major concerns affecting human environmental quality. Evaluation of residents’ visual exposure to outsiders has attracted more attention in the past decades. This paper presents a quantitative indicator; namely, the Potential Visual Exposure Index (PVEI), to assess visual privacy by introducing the damage of potential visual incursion from public spaces and neighborhoods in high-density residences. The method for computing the PVEI mainly consists of three steps: extracting targets and potential observers in a built environment, conducting intervisibility analysis and identifying visible sightlines, and integrating sightlines from building level and ground level to compute the PVEI value of each building opening. To validate the proposed PVEI, a case study with a sample building located at the center of Kowloon, Hong Kong, was evaluated. The results were in accordance with the common-sense notion that lower floors are subjected to poor visual privacy, and privacy is relatively well-preserved in upper floors in a building. However, residents of middle floors may suffer the worst circumstances with respect to visual privacy. The PVEI can be a useful indicator to assess visual privacy and can provide valuable information in architectural design, hotel room selection, and building management.

scholarly journals An Overview of High-Rise Buildings in Jakarta since 1967 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 933 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
M F Effendi ◽  
I F Ridzqo ◽  
S W Dharmatanna
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Design Development ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Construction Knowledge

Abstract High-rise buildings in big cities are crucial for business, economic, educational, residential, and entertainment activities in recent times. The technology discoveries in various fields that support high-rise building construction such as structure, mechanical, electrical, and materials have opened up opportunities for comfortable and environmentally safe architectural work. The first milestone of high-rise building construction knowledge in Indonesia was the completion of the thirteen-floors Sarinah retail building in 1967. Indonesia, especially in Jakarta, then experienced rapid growth of high-rise buildings construction. However, there is limited research on the development of high-rise building designs in Indonesia, especially from an architectural design perspective. It leads to the lack of literature on high-rise building design in Indonesia. By utilizing a publicly accessible database from the Council of Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat and recent literature called Designing Tall Building by Mark Sarkisian, this paper explores the design development of high-rise buildings in Jakarta from time to time in the aspects of architecture, structure and sustainability.

Architectural Design Criteria for Multi-Storey Housing Buildings

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Yong Kuan ◽  
Yahaya Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
Purposive Sample ◽  
Culture Site

Architecture influences people and the environment from the past, present and the future. Nevertheless architecture and design quality is viewed as subjective, and benchmarks to achieve consensus are necessary for design or evaluation of buildings. This paper establishes architectural design criteria for design quality of multi-storey housing buildings. A set of the criteria was established with literature review, an operational definition and survey on qualified persons or architects in the professional practice of architecture. The literature reviews identified seven concepts for architecture and design quality, and the operational definition translated this architectural design quality to measurable and observable cases and variables. The survey collected these variable data from a purposive sample of 95 respondents, and these data were examined by statistical analysis. The results of the descriptive statistics, inferential t-tests (p ≤ 0.05) and positive hypothesis testing verified that respondents in general agreed to these seven design concepts as architectural design criteria for design quality. These results established the first ever set of seven architectural design criteria which were ranked in descending order of significance as function, socio-culture, site context, cost, aesthetic of art, sustainability, and Feng Shui. These architectural design criteria can be applied to the design or evaluation of multi-storey housing buildings for the good of people and the environment.

Applications of the Static Condensation Technique to Nonlinear Structural Analysis of Floating Offshore Structures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Han Oh ◽  
Seung-Hwan Boo ◽  
Phill-Seung Lee ◽  
Jong-Min Kim ◽  
Joong-Soo Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Contact Interface ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Static Condensation ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Nonlinear Contact ◽  
Actual Design

A cost effective finite element (FE) procedure is proposed for analysis of load-carrying structures with nonlinear contact and frictional behaviors between large floating offshore structures. The key of the procedure is to use the static condensation technique developed from the Guyan model reduction method. The time for computing contact and friction forces on contact interface areas can be dramatically reduced compared to nonlinear analysis with a full FE model. Two representative applications to offshore projects are presented. One is a problem with nonlinear contact of independent tank support in FLNG hull structures and the second is a sea-fastening system used during offshore dry transportation. The reliability and computing efficiency of the proposed analysis procedure are investigated. It is conclusively confirmed that the proposed procedure is practical for application to actual design of offshore projects.

Extending the Field of Application of Structural Glass Design Concepts

2006 ◽  
Vol 92 (27) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Matthias Haldimann ◽  
Manfred A. Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Structural Glass ◽  
Design Concepts

STRUCTURAL AND GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN OF A HIGH-RISE BUILDING USING A 3D BIM GENERATED MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Romaih ◽  
Sama Taha ◽  
Mina Naguib ◽  
Salma Ibrahim ◽  
Youssef Halabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
High Water ◽  
Building Site ◽  
American University ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Geotechnical Design ◽  
Graduation Project ◽  
Full Design

This paper presents the work performed by an undergraduate student group at the American University in Cairo as a first phase of their graduation project that mimics a state-of-the-art industrial experience in structural and geotechnical design of a high-rise building using building information model (BIM). A 3-D BIM was developed for the structure and used to generate an analytical model which is exported to a structural numerical analysis program, followed by a full design of the building elements and foundation. The considered building is 218 m high, in which the architectural design requires a successive 2-degrees twist per floor through the building height, resulting in a total twist of 80 degrees between the first and last floors. The architect also retracted the slabs every six stories from a group of columns, leaving 24 m-height laterally unsupported peripheral columns. As such, the vertical and horizontal building irregularities present challenges in the structural modeling and design and requires thorough analyses, particularly for seismic and wind considerations. Due to the high water table at the building site and the existence of a 12.5 underground basement, a special dewatering technique was proposed, along with the full tanking design consideration of the building basement.

Engineering Mechanics in High-Rise Building with Irregular Planner

2014 ◽  
Vol 540 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Lu Jiang Yang ◽  
De Wen Liu ◽  
Zhong Li Guo ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Bi Hui Dai
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Unit Structure ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Structural Calculation ◽  
Displacement Angle ◽  
Force Displacement

Plane functional layout and total controlling plan of the general plan in the building always are abnormal. Furthermore the floor size and horizontal stiffness in the same floor are different tremendously, otherwise there are many dislocation floor in the same floor, according to different function in the same floor. Irregular plane in the building may happen according to the situation above. It is harmful to the force,, displacement and deformation in irregular plane. In order to research the essence of the irregular plane and avoid it, firstly the irregular plane is introduced, also we have distinguished stretch joint, settlement joint and, seismic joint according to the force theory of structure, and then we have used PKPM structural calculation program to build model, simulating the force in two improved models on the dead load, live load and horizontal seismic load, we have gotten the maximum displacement, maximum displacement angle, velocity, acceleration, shear force and moment, then we have analysised and compared displacement, movement and force. Finally, we have concluded:“Architectural design should be adopted by regular plane designing rule，it should not be adopted by irregular plane designing rule；for the building structure which body is complex and irregular plane，the designer should install the seismic joint in the appropriate parts according to actual needs，make the irregular building structure into several regular unit structure which could resist the horizontal load.”

Optimal Design of SRC Transfer Beam of High-Rise Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 438-439 ◽  
pp. 1884-1887
Author(s):  
Bin Liang ◽  
Zhao Liang Zhang ◽  
Rong Li
Keyword(s):  
Fair Division ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Optimal Model ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Steel Reinforced Concrete ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Actual Design ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Set Up

Combined with a design of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) transfer beam in a tall building, and by analyzing interaction between transfer-beam and shear wall by the finite element method, the optimal model is set up. It is to minimize the total cost subjected to constraint of bearing capacity etc. By proper optimal method, the model of SRC transfer beam is optimized. The results show that the beam size achieves a fair division subjected to the condition of strength, structure etc. Meanwhile, actual design software indicates that the optimized data meet the design.

Glass Columns under Impact - Experimental and Numerical Analyses

2017 ◽  
Vol 755 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Chiara Bedon ◽  
Roman Kalamar ◽  
Martina Eliášová
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Structural Glass ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Glass Columns ◽  
Traditional Construction

Compared to traditional construction materials, structural glass members subjected to main compression are relatively unusual in buildings, despite a substantially high material compressive strength. The major limit for the use of glass columns is in fact represented by an overall residual load-bearing capacity highly affected by the tensile brittle fracture of glass. An optimal and fail-safe design approach, in this regard, should take care of a multitude of geometrical and mechanical aspects, including boundary details and possible defects, as well as accidental loading scenarios. Aiming to assess the feasibility and vulnerability of structural glass members, based on earlier research efforts, the paper deals on the load-bearing performance of a reference set of full-scale glass columns. Careful consideration is in fact paid for the experimental investigation of glass members with square hollow cross-section and subjected to dynamic impacts, being representative of an accidental loading scenario. Full-scale experimental results are presented, as well as further considered for validation and calibration of Finite Element (FE) numerical models accounting for possible damage propagation in all the structural components, hence allowing to assess the residual load-bearing capacity of the examined structural typology.

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