BrazilianMorus nigraAttenuated Hyperglycemia, Dyslipidemia, and Prooxidant Status in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

Morus nigrahas been used popularly for several proposes, including diabetic. In an attempt to support medicinal value, the acute hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects of the ethanolic extract ofMorus nigra(EEMn 200 or 400 mg/kg b.w.) were evaluated in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic treated for 14 days. Serum biochemical and antioxidant analysis were performed at the end of experiment. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed at 10th and 15th days. Chromatographic analysis by HPLC-DAD of EEMn was performed. Insulin was used as positive control to glycemic metabolism as well as fenofibrate to lipid metabolism. EEMn (400 mg/kg/day) reduced fasting and postprandial glycaemia, improved oral glucose tolerance, and reduced lipolysis and proteolysis in diabetic rats. EEMn decreased the blood levels of total cholesterol and increased HDL level when compared to the diabetic control rats. At higher levels, EEMn reduced triglycerides and VLDL levels in diabetic rats. Also, EEMn reduced malondialdehyde and increased the reduced glutathione levels in liver of diabetic rats. Chromatographic analysis identified the presence of the flavonoids rutin, isoquercetin, and kaempferitrin. Acute EEMn treatment reduced hyperglycemia, improved oral glucose tolerance, and minimized dyslipidemia and oxidative stress leading to a reduction in atherogenic index in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

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Antidiabetic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus glomerata (L.) Roots

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407215666190401151405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 33-41

Author(s):

Mohini C. Upadhye ◽

Uday Deokate ◽

Rohini Pujari ◽

Vishnu Thakare

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Ficus Glomerata

Background: Ficus glomerata (F. glomerata) Linn. Family Moraceace is a large tree found all over India including outer Himalayan ranges, Punjab, Chota Nagpur, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Deccan and also as a common plant in South India. It is planted around the home and temples. It is cultivated throughout the year, distributed in evergreen forests and moist localities. Objective: The Ethanolic Extract of roots of F. Glomerata (EEFG) belonging to the family Moraceace, was investigated for its antidiabetic activity using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups having 6 rats in each group. The alloxan was administered to the rats of all groups except normal control group through intraperitoneal route at a concentration of 140mg/kg body weight. A dose of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight of EEFG was administered to alloxan induced diabetic rats. The administration of the extract was lasted for 11 days. Effectiveness of the extract on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein and protein concentrations was analyzed. Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride of the diabetic rats was observed after treatment with ethanolic extract. After subjecting to oral glucose tolerance test EEFG also showed significant improvement in glucose tolerance. Conclusion: F. glomerata root ethanolic extract showed that it possesses antidiabetic effect and can be found useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

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Pharmacological potential of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale stem bark on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v5i7.456 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 2440-2454

Author(s):

D. A. Omoboyowa ◽

F. O. Afolabi ◽

T. C. Aribigbola

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽

Β Cells

Background: The anti-hyperglycemic potential of methanol stem bark extract of Anacardium occidentale (MSBEAO) was investigated using an alloxan-induced diabetic rat model. Alloxan administration induces the generation of free radicals which can affect antioxidant status resulting in the disruption of the β-cells of the pancreas. Therefore, this study examines the antioxidant potential of the plant extract and the ameliorating effect on the pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate. MSBEAO, at a concentration of 100 or 200 mg/kg b.w. was orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic rats and normal rats. The hypoglycemic effect, oral glucose tolerance test, and biochemical assay of alloxan-induced diabetic rats were assayed using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and phenols at moderate concentrations. The lethality dose (LD50) of the plant extract was found to be equal to or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. The hypoglycemic effect of the extract on the non-diabetic rats revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the blood glucose concentration of animals administered with 1 g/kg b.w. of the extract, compared to normal control rats administered with normal saline. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the methanol extract exerted the highest response, similar to glibenclamide after 15 and 30 minutes of administration, compared to the control rats. The methanol extract yielded the highest blood glucose lowering effects after 9 days of treatment (p<0.05), compared to diabetic rats administered with normal saline and 0.3 mg/kg b.w. of glibenclamide. Administration of the extract at 200 mg/kg b.w. showed improved pancreas architecture and regeneration of the β-cells, compared with the pancreas of animals in the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MSBEAO is a potentially effective agent for the management of diabetes which might result from the antioxidant-generating capacity of the stem bark.

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The neuropeptide 26RFa in the human gut and pancreas: potential involvement in glucose homeostasis

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-19-0247 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 941-951 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gaëtan Prévost ◽

Marie Picot ◽

Marie-Anne Le Solliec ◽

Arnaud Arabo ◽

Hind Berrahmoune ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Glucose Homeostasis ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽

Gastric Glands

Objective Recent studies performed in mice revealed that the neuropeptide 26RFa regulates glucose homeostasis by acting as an incretin and by increasing insulin sensitivity. However, in humans, an association between 26RFa and the regulation of glucose homeostasis is poorly documented. In this study, we have thus investigated in detail the distribution of 26RFa and its receptor, GPR103, in the gut and the pancreas, and determined the response of this peptidergic system to an oral glucose challenge in obese patients. Design and methods Distribution of 26RFa and GPR103 was examined by immunohistochemistry using gut and pancreas tissue sections. Circulating 26RFa was determined using a specific radioimmunoassay in plasma samples collected during an oral glucose tolerance test. Results 26RFa and GPR103 are present all along the gut but are more abundant in the stomach and duodenum. In the stomach, the peptide and its receptor are highly expressed in the gastric glands, whereas in the duodenum, ileum and colon they are present in the enterocytes and the goblet cells. In the pancreatic islets, the 26RFa/GPR103 system is mostly present in the β cells. During an oral glucose tolerance test, plasma 26RFa profile is different between obese patients and healthy volunteers, and we found strong positive correlations between 26RFa blood levels and the BMI, and with various parameters of insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Conclusion The present data suggest an involvement of the 26RFa/GPR103 peptidergic system in the control of human glucose homeostasis.

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Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Extract of Spermadictyon suaveolens and its Effect on Oral Glucose Tolerance in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH ◽

10.25258/ijtpr.v9i03.9076 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Anuradha Vivekanand Phatak ◽

Kedar Sudhir Prabhavalkar

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Herbal Extract ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽

Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats ◽

Fasted Rats

The preliminary phytochemical analysis of extract of Spermadictyon suaveolens was performed and its effect on oral glucose tolerance in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats studied. 1 week after the administration of streptozotocin, diabetic rats received herbal extract orally at dose 500 mg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed on overnight fasted rats on day 28. Blood samples were collected prior to glucose administration and at 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes after glucose loading and plasma glucose level was measured for all the samples. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of extract of roots of Spermadictyon suaveolens showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and phenolic compounds. Extract of roots of Spermadictyon suaveolens improved oral glucose tolerance in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

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Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum on oral glucose tolerance test in type-2 model diabetic rats

African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.5897/ajpp11.811 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

Author(s):

NELSON I. OGUANOBI

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

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Oral administration of sodium tungstate improves cardiac performance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y05-026 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 405-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Prabhakara Reddy Nagareddy ◽

Harish Vasudevan ◽

John H McNeill

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Sodium Tungstate ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Cardiac Performance ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽

Working Heart

Normalization of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia is an important objective in preventing diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction. Our study investigated the effects of sodium tungstate on cardiac performance in streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats based on its potential antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. Male Wistar rats were made STZ-diabetic and then treated with tungstate in their drinking water for 9 weeks. Body mass, food and fluid intake, plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and free fatty acids levels were measured. At the termination of the study period, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, and cardiac performance was evaluated using an isolated working heart apparatus. Tungstate-treated STZ-diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in fluid and food intake, plasma glucose, triglycerides, and free fatty acid levels, and improved tolerance to glucose in OGTT, owing to tungstate-mediated enhancement of insulin activity rather than increased insulin levels. Left ventricular pressure development, the rate of contraction (+dP/dT), and the rate of relaxation (-dP/dT) were significantly improved in tungstate-treated diabetic rats. Apart from a decreased rate of body mass gain, no other signs of toxicity or hypoglycemic episodes were observed in tungstate-treated rats. This study extends previous observations on the antidiabetic activities of tungstate, and also reports for the first time the salutary effects in preventing diabetic cardiomyopathy.Key words: diabetes, cardiomyopathy, tungstate, isolated working heart, oral glucose tolerance test.

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