scholarly journals Lipid Oxidation, Color Changes, and Microbiological Quality of Frozen Beef Burgers Incorporated with Shirazi Thyme, Cinnamon, and Rosemary Extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Hashemi Gahruie ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Hashem Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Taghavifard ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Eskandari ◽  
Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Beef Burgers

In this study, the oxidative stability of beef burgers incorporated with Shirazi thyme, cinnamon, and rosemary extracts was compared with that of BHT-incorporated and antioxidant-free samples. The chemical composition, TBARS, metmyoglobin, pH, color, and microbial and sensory characteristics were evaluated during storage at −18°C for 2 months. The results indicated that Shirazi thyme and cinnamon extracts did not change the colorimetric properties significantly (P<0.05). Incorporating natural antioxidants led to a significant (P<0.05) reduction in TBARS (36.58–46.34%) and metmyoglobin (16.25–18.47%) as compared to control. Except for the control sample, total microbial counts of burgers were lower than the maximum allowed limit. Burgers formulated with Shirazi thyme revealed the lowest amount of total count. Regarding the sensory characteristics, the overall acceptability of different samples decreased in the order of cinnamon > BHT > Shirazi thyme > rosemary > control. Finally, the results showed that these plant extracts can be utilized as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants in formulation of burgers.

scholarly journals Effect of NaCl Replacement by other Salts on the Quality of Bísaro Pork Sausages (PGI Chouriça de Vinhais)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Alfredo Teixeira ◽  
Rubén Domínguez ◽  
Iasmin Ferreira ◽  
Etelvina Pereira ◽  
Leticia Estevinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Oxidation Index ◽  
Pork Sausages

Concerned about the trend to reduce salt consumption, the meat industry has been increasing the strategies to produce and commercialize products where the reduction or even the replacement of NaCl is an important goal. The aim of this study was to test the effect of partial NaCl replacement by KCl and Sub4Salt® on the quality of pork sausages. Three different formulations (NaCl + KCl, NaCl + Sub4Salt®, and KCl + Sub4Salt®) were considered and compared to the control (2% NaCl). Physicochemical properties, chemical composition, and microbiological and sensory characteristics were evaluated. The replacement of NaCl did not affect pH, water activity (aw) or its chemical composition after eight or 16 days ripening time, while a significant sodium reduction was achieved. The oxidation index expressed in TBARS was also not affected by the NaCl substitution and varied between 0.01 to 0.04 of malonaldehyde (MDA) per kg of sample. Similarly, the NaCl replacement did not change the microbiological quality of the sausages, and the production of healthier meat sausages had also no significant effect on their sensory characteristics. Therefore, according to the results obtained, it is viable and a good strategy for the meat industry to produce “reduced sodium content” sausages without affecting their traditional quality.

Microbiological Quality of Commercial Tofu

1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. REHBERGER ◽  
L. A. WILSON ◽  
B. A. GLATZ
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Microbial Groups ◽  
Yeasts And Molds ◽  
Processing Techniques

A study was done to investigate the microbiological quality of commercial tofu available in local retail outlets. A sampling method was first developed to obtain accurate and representative microbial counts of individual pieces of tofu. Plate count determination of total aerobic organisms, psychrotrophs, coliforms, sporeformers, yeasts and molds, and staphylococci were made on 60 tofu samples (representing three lots each of four different brands) obtained within 24 h after delivery to the retail store. In addition, for two brands that provided manufacturer's pull dates, the same microbial counts were obtained for samples stored in the laboratory at 10°C until the pull date. Of the tofu sampled immediately after purchase, 83% of the lots tested had total counts greater than 106 colony-forming units (CFU)/g and psychrotrophic counts greater than 104 CFU/g. In addition, 67% of the lots tested had confirmed coliform counts greater than 103 CFU/g. Very low levels (less than 10 CFU/g) of all other microbial groups tested for were found in the majority of lots. Samples held until the manufacturer's pull date contained higher total and psychrotrophic counts but lower or stable counts of other organisms compared with samples tested immediately after purchase. To improve the microbiological quality of tofu, processors need to reduce initial loads by improving sanitation and processing techniques, and retailers should provide more consistent and colder refrigerated storage.

scholarly journals Quality Evaluation of Ogi from Acha (Digitaria exilis), Soybean (Glycine max) and Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Composite Flour

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Moses Terkula Ukeyima ◽  
Israel Okpunyi Acham ◽  
Comfort Temitope Awojide
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Soybean Flour ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Constant Addition ◽  
Milk Flavor

Ogi was produced from composite flour of fermented Acha, roasted Soybean and Carrot.  The raw materials were blended in varying proportions. Proximate composition, functional properties and sensory characteristics of the formulated Ogi samples were evaluated. The results of the proximate composition showed a significant increase in moisture (5.36% to 9.94%), protein (3.94% to 16.98%), fat (1.89% to 10.23%), crude fiber (1.80% to 3.12%) and ash (0.35% to 0.99%); while a decrease was observed in carbohydrate (86.66% to 58.74%) with increase in supplementation with roasted Soybean flour and constant addition of carrot flour along with the milk flavor. The functional properties showed significant increase in foam capacity (5.99% to 7.97%), Swelling index (2.46 v/v to 3.08 v/v) and Least gelation capacity (8.10% to 14.0%); while a decrease was observed in bulk density (0.84 g/mL to 0.72 g/mL), water absorption capacity (1.40% to 1.10%) and foaming stability (3.39% to 2.79%). Sensory characteristics result revealed that there was no significant difference (p<0.05) in aroma and overall acceptability with increasing incorporation of roasted Soybean flour and constant addition of Carrot flour with milk flavor. Aside the control sample (containing 100% fermented Acha flour) there was preference for Sample C (70% fermented Acha flour: 15% roasted Soybean flour: 10% Carrot flour: 5% Milk flavor) and Sample D (60% fermented Acha flour: 25% roasted Soybean flour: 10% `Carrot flour: 5% Milk flavor) in terms of color (6.65 and 6.25), taste (6.95 and 6.35), aroma (6.45 and 6.30), mouth feel (6.10 and 6.35) and overall acceptability (6.50 and 6.50) respectively, among the blend formulations. Supplementation of fermented Acha with roasted Soybean and Carrot flour considerably increased the protein and fat contents of the blend; hence Soybean should be used for supplementation of cereal based product in order to improve their nutritional composition.

scholarly journals Influence of the microbiological quality of raw milk on the shelf life of pasteurized milk

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
José Carlos Ribeiro Júnior ◽  
Aline Marangon de Oliveira ◽  
Fernando Godoi Silva ◽  
Lorena Natalino Haber Garcia ◽  
Cátia Maria de Oliveira Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Brazilian Standard

The dairy industry strives to produce high quality products with high nutritional value as well as to meet the legal standards for longer shelf life. However, these goals are made unfeasible by the poor quality of raw milk produced in some regions of Brazil. Others Brazilian dairy regions, however, already succeed in producing milk with low microbial counts, such as the municipality of Castro, Paraná state, designated as the ‘Brazilian dairy capital’. In order to evaluate the effect of raw milk quality on microbial counts during the shelf life of pasteurized milk, samples were collected from two dairy regions of Paraná: the northern and Castro region, characterized by milk production with high and low microbiological counts, respectively. Samples were experimentally pasteurized and the total microorganism counts were analyzed for 18 days at 7°C, using the Brazilian standard microbiological count limit for pasteurized milk (8 x 104 CFU/mL) as the end of the shelf life. Low microbiological counts in raw milk (Castro) resulted in significantly lower counts shortly after pasteurization and over the entire shelf life, meeting the pasteurized milk standard for 18 days. The temporal evolution in the counts over 18 days for the milks of high and low microbiological count was similar; however, the disparity between the absolute counts between the regions was significant (p < 0.05). Of the milk samples from northern Paraná, four (44.4%) already had counts higher than that of the legislative limit for pasteurized milk immediately after pasteurization. The others (five) reached the maximum microbiological count limit for pasteurized milk on the 6th day after pasteurization. In contrast, the milk from the Castro region remained below the limit throughout the analysis period. Thus, it can be stated that the microbiological quality of raw milk is directly related to the initial count of microorganisms after pasteurization, and that pasteurized milk produced from raw milk with low microbiological counts complies with the Brazilian legislation for 18 days following thermal processing.

scholarly journals Natural Antioxidants from Seeds and Their Application in Meat Products

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo E. S. Munekata ◽  
Beatriz Gullón ◽  
Mirian Pateiro ◽  
Igor Tomasevic ◽  
Ruben Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
Oxidative Reactions ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The use of synthetic antioxidants in the food industry has raised important questions about the effects of prolonged consumption on human health. On top of that, the consumption of meat products has been changing due to the awareness generated by health-related organizations. In this sense, exploring strategies to develop and produce healthier meat products has become a paramount concern. Several studies explored the composition of several seeds to characterize and explore the compounds with antioxidant activity, which are mainly composed of polyphenols. The use of antioxidant extracts in meat products has shown important results to delay the oxidative reactions in meat products derived from the processing and storage of meat products. Moreover, these extracts can also replace synthetic antioxidants and preserve the quality of meat products. Therefore, the aims of this review are first, to present the sources and compounds with antioxidant activity in seeds, and second, to discuss their protective effect against oxidative reactions in meat products.

scholarly journals Microbial β-glucan Incorporated into Muffins: Impact on Quality of the Batter and Baked Products

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Anna Żbikowska ◽  
Milena Kupiec ◽  
Iwona Szymanska ◽  
Klaudia Osytek ◽  
Małgorzata Kowalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Sensory Study ◽  
Baked Products ◽  
Fat Substitution ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Instrumental Texture

Microorganisms can be a promising source of bioactive food ingredients derived from unconventional agricultural farms. The quality of batter and final products in which 20%–80% of the fat has been replaced by β-glucan, obtained from microorganisms, was analyzed. The instrumental texture measurements showed that β-glucan batter and muffins were harder than the control sample. Fat substitution over 40%, while enriching muffins with yeast β-glucan (over 2%), led to a decrease in the quality of products after baking and during 14-day storage. The incorporation of 3% or more β-glucan into the composition increased the hardness of the batter and deteriorated the quality of the muffin crumb, after baking and during storage. The sensory study revealed that fat replacement up to 40% with β-glucan provided acceptable biscuits, but higher replacement decreased the overall acceptability.

Influence of Pre-Fried Time and Temperature on the Quality of Microwave Beef Kebabs

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1081-1085
Author(s):  
Shi Xin Liu ◽  
Xiu Fang Xia ◽  
Bao Hua Kong ◽  
Yu Fu
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Frying Time ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Cooking Yield

The influence of pre-fried time and temperature on the cooking yield, shear force, color and sensory quality of microwave beef kebabs were evaluated. The beef kebabs were fried for 20 s, 40 s, 60 s and 80 s at 170 ± 2 °C, 180 ± 2 °C or 190 ± 2 °C in the fryer. The results revealed that beef kebabs fried at 190 ± 2 °C for 60 s had significantly higher cooking yield, shear force, redness (a*), yellowness (b*), flavor, color and overall acceptability than the samples fried at 170 ± 2 °C and 180 ± 2 °C for 60 s. Lightness (L*), juiciness and tenderness of beef kebabs fried at 190 ± 2 °C for 60 s were lower than samples fried at 170 ± 2 °C and 180 ± 2 °C for 60 s. In addition, the cooking yield values fried at 190 ± 2 °C for different times was increased by 4.58%, 3.49%, 2.37% and 1.12% over that fried at 170 ± 2 °C. Beef kebabs fried at 190 ± 2 °C for 60 s promoted the color and cooking yield remarkably and had a beneficial effect on sensory characteristics during frying. The optimum frying parameters of kebabs were at 190 ± 2 °C of oil temperature for 60 s of frying time.

MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF BREADED ONION RINGS1

1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Maxcy ◽  
R. G. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Commercial Interest ◽  
Onion Skin ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Plant Contamination

Breaded onion rings are of growing commercial interest. The microbial content of representative commercial products was determined. Total plate counts on the finished products were from 7,900 to 10,000,000 per gram. Coliform counts were from 90 to 28,000 per gram. Microorganisms are able to grow in unfrozen breaded onion rings at 5 C. Study of ingredients as contributors to the total microbial load showed the primary sources to be liquid batter and onion skin. The latter is a major source of coliforms, which probably originate from farm soil. Coliform counts as an index of in-plant contamination are therefore of little value. High microbial counts on breaded onion rings are not necessarily indicative of careless operations but are commonly related to conditions of production.

Antimicrobial Effect of Medicinal Plants on Microbiological Quality of Grape Juice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Jakub Mankovecký ◽  
Lucia Galovičová ◽  
Petra Borotová ◽  
Simona Kunová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Microscopic Fungi

Abstract The safety of plant-based food of plant origin is a priority for producers and consumers. The biological value of food products enriched with herbal ingredients is getting more popular among consumers. The present study was aimed to evaluate microbiological quality of grape juice enriched with medicinal plants. There were two varieties of grapes -Welschriesling and Cabernet Sauvignon and six species of medicinal plants used for the experiment: Calendula officinalis L., Ginkgo biloba, Thymus serpyllum, Matricaria recutita, Salvia officinalis L., and Mentha aquatica var. citrata. A total of 14 samples of juice were prepared and two of them were used as controls and 12 samples were treated with medicinal plants. Total microbial count, coliforms, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts and microscopic fungi for testing the microbiological quality were detected. All the samples were negative for lactic acid bacteria. There were neither coliform bacteria nor yeast and fibrous microscopic fungi present in some of the treated samples apart from the control samples. Coliform bacteria of 1 log cfu/mL were detected during the first testing and identified Proteus vulgaris in the control sample of grape juice of the variety Welschriesling. The yeast of the genus Candida was present in 2 log cfu/mL and it was detected during first and second testing in the control sample of Cabernet Sauvignon, unlike the other samples. The sample of grape juice with the addition of sage had the most significant inhibitory effect on total count of bacteria. The most common microorganisms in all samples were Bacillus cereus and Acinetobacter johnsonii, however, those microorganisms were absent during second testing due to the action of naturally occurring antimicrobials in the grapes.

Microbiological Quality of Beef Subprimals as Affected by Lactic Acid Sprays Applied at Various Points during Vacuum Storage

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 795-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. PRASAI ◽  
C. L. KASTNER ◽  
P. B. KENNEY ◽  
D. H. KROPF ◽  
D. Y. C. FUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Vacuum Storage ◽  
Spray Treatment

Beef strip loins were sprayed with 1.5% (vol/vol) lactic acid before and/or after 14, 28, 56, 84, and 126 days of vacuum-packaged storage at −1.1 or 2°C to assess the effects on bacteria. Five different treatment combinations including a control (no spray treatment) and one treatment with prestorage acid spray followed by poststorage water spray (A/W) were evaluated. Compared to the controls, 97% of all acid-treated loins had lower microbial counts throughout the storage period. Prestorage acid spray (A/0) was more effective than poststorage acid spray (0/A)with the greatest effects (P &lt; 0.05) being observed on day 28, where the bacterial population was reduced by 1.9 and 1.5 log CFU/cm2 for loins stored at −1.1 and 2°C, respectively. Microbial counts for loins with A/A(acid spray both before and after vacuum storage) or A/W treatments were lower than but not significantly different from A/0 (P &gt; 0.05). Poststorage washing resulted in a minimal decontaminating effect, irrespective of the washing agent used. In addition, single spray treatment immediately after fabrication seems more effective and practical than a double spray. Temperature main effects showed that colder temperature (−1.1 versus 2°C) reduced (P &lt; 0.03) microbial growth throughout the storage period. Salmonella contamination was not detected in any samples; however, 28% of the control and 4% of the spray-treated loins were positive for Listeria spp. Appropriate time of acid application in combination with colder storage temperature improved the microbiological quality of meat for at least four weeks.

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