scholarly journals TB Risk Perceptions among Medical Residents at a Tertiary Care Center in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta S. Pardeshi ◽  
Dileep Kadam ◽  
Ajay Chandanwale ◽  
Andrea Deluca ◽  
Pranali Khobragade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Guidelines ◽  
Tb Infection Control

Setting. Government tertiary health care center in India.Objective. To understand the perceptions of medical residents about their risk of developing TB in the workplace.Design. Cross-sectional study in which a semistructured questionnaire which included an open-ended question to assess their main concerns regarding TB in workplace was used to collect data.Results. Out of 305 resident doctors approached, 263 (94%) completed a structured questionnaire and 200 of these responded to an open-ended question. Daily exposure to TB was reported by 141 (64%) residents, 13 (5%) reported a prior history of TB, and 175 (69%) respondents were aware of TB infection control guidelines. A majority reported concerns about acquiring TB (78%) and drug-resistant TB (88%). The key themes identified were concerns about developing drug-resistant TB (n=100; 50%); disease and its clinical consequences (n=39; 20%); social and professional consequences (n=37; 19%); exposure to TB patients (n=32; 16%); poor infection control measures (n=27; 14%); and high workload and its health consequences (n=16; 8%).Conclusion. Though many resident doctors were aware of TB infection control guidelines, only few expressed concern about lack of TB infection control measures. Doctors need to be convinced of the importance of these measures which should be implemented urgently.

scholarly journals 1196. Is the Weekend Staff Really to Blame? Challenges in Isolation Compliance at an Academic Tertiary Care Center

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S429-S429
Author(s):  
Sonia Bassett ◽  
Kelley M Boston ◽  
Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Normal Approximation ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tertiary Care Center

Abstract Background Transmission-based isolation precautions are implemented in an effort to decrease the risk of transmission of pathogens. Weekend staff are perceived to have lower compliance. Methods Visual observation of healthcare worker (HCW) compliance with an institutional isolation precautions practices was done at an academic tertiary care center. In the first quarter of 2019, observations were completed for 894 patients who required contact, droplet or airborne isolation precautions. Observations included patients with infection or colonization with multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDRO) or highly transmissible infections. Observations focused on availability of appropriate supplies, compliance with infection control practices, and documentation. Audits were performed on workdays and weekends, and results were communicated to unit leadership via email. Comparison of proportions was calculated using the normal approximation in Minitab18. Results Compliance with the different elements of the audit can be seen in Table 1. HCW compliance with the use of personal protective equipment and hand hygiene on exit from the room had the lowest compliance and was statistically lower on weekends than on weekdays, and compliance was significantly lower than all other categories for both weekday and weekend measurements. Fifty-seven percent of all patients had missed compliance on one or more elements. There was not a statistically significant variation in practice between weekends and weekdays in overall compliance. Conclusion There is opportunity for improvement in all compliance on isolation practices facility-wide, and elements that require changes in behavior had the lowest compliance, and were lower on weekend shifts. We did not find other differences in performance for weekend staff vs. weekday staff. Educational measures should focus on all individual staff across all shifts. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Direct costs and clinical impact of adenovirus genotype 8 conjunctivitis outbreak in a neonatology unit

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
María Florencia Angueyra ◽  
Débora Natalia Marcone ◽  
Florencia Escarrá ◽  
Noelia Soledad Reyes ◽  
Yamile Rubies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Median Duration ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Risk Pregnancy

Abstract Objective: To report a conjunctivitis outbreak in a neonatology intensive care unit (NICU) and determine the associated economic impact. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas (CEMIC) University Hospital, a private, tertiary-care healthcare institution in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Participants: The study included 52 NICU neonates and 59 NICU-related healthcare workers (HCWs) from CEMIC hospital. Methods: Neonates and HCWs were swabbed for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, viral culture, and typing by sequencing. Infection control measures, structural and logistic changes were implemented. Billing records were analyzed to determine costs. Results: From January 30 to April 28, 2018, 52 neonates were hospitalized in the NICU. Among them, 14 of 52 (21%) had bilateral conjunctivitis with pseudomembranes. Symptomatic neonates and HCWs were HAdV-D8 positive. Ophthalmological symptoms had a median duration of 18 days (IQR, 13–24.5). PCR positivity and infectious range had a median duration of 18.5 days. As part of containment measures, the NICU and the high-risk pregnancy unit were closed to new patients. The NICU was divided into 2 areas for symptomatic and asymptomatic patients; a new room was assigned for the general nursery, and all deliveries from the high-risk pregnancy unit were redirected to other hospitals. The outbreak cost the hospital US$205,000: implementation of a new nursery room and extra salaries cost US$30,350 and estimated productivity loss during 1 month cost US$175,000. Conclusions: Laboratory diagnosis confirmed the cause of this outbreak as HAdV-D8. The immediate adoption and reinforcement of rigorous infection control measures limited the nosocomial viral spread. This outbreak represented a serious institutional problem, causing morbidity, significant economic loss, and absenteeism.

Management of Candida auris outbreak in a tertiary-care setting in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid M. Alshamrani ◽  
Aiman El-Saed ◽  
Azzam Mohammed ◽  
Majed F. Alghoribi ◽  
Sameera M. Al Johani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Environmental Cleaning ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Local Experience ◽  
Tertiary Care Setting

Abstract Objective: To describe local experience in managing an outbreak of Candida auris in a tertiary-care setting. Methods: In response to emerging Candida auris, an outbreak investigation was conducted at our hospital between March 2018 and June 2019. Once a patient was confirmed to have Candida auris, screening of exposed patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) was conducted. Postexposure screening included those who had had direct contact with or shared the same unit or ward with a laboratory-confirmed case. In response to the increasing number of cases, new infection control measures were implemented. Results: In total, 23 primary patients were detected over 15 months. Postexposure screening identified 11 more cases, and all were patients. Furthermore, ~28.6% of patients probably caught infection in another hospital or in the community. Infection control measures were strictly implemented including hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, patient hygiene, environmental cleaning, cohorting of patients and HCWs, and avoiding the sharing of equipment. The wave reached a peak in April 2019, followed by a sharp decrease in May 2019 and complete clearance in June 2019. The case patients were equally distributed between intensive care units (51.4%) and wards (48.6%). More infections (62.9%) occurred than colonizations (37.1%). Urinary tract infection (42.9%) and candidemia (17.1%) were the main infections. In total, 7 patients (20.0%) died during hospitalization; among them, 6 (17.1%) died within 30 days of diagnosis. Conclusions: Active screening of exposed patients followed by strict infection control measures, including environmental cleaning, was successful in ending the outbreak. Preventing future outbreaks is challenging due to outside sources of infection and environmental resistance.

First Outbreak of Colonization and Infection With Vancomycin-ResistantEnterococcus faeciumin a Tertiary Care Hospital in Singapore

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 991-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Piotr Chlebicki ◽  
Moi Lin Ling ◽  
Tse Hsien Koh ◽  
Li Yang Hsu ◽  
Ban Hock Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

We report the first outbreak of vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faeciumcolonization and infection among inpatients in the hematology ward of an acute tertiary care public hospital in Singapore. Two cases of bacteremia and 4 cases of gastrointestinal carriage were uncovered before implementation of strict infection control measures resulted in control of the outbreak.

Exogenous Sources ofPseudomonas aeruginosain Intensive Care Unit Patients Implementation of Infection Control Measures and Follow-Up With Molecular Typing

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 953-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Petignat ◽  
Patrick Francioli ◽  
Immaculée Nahimana ◽  
Aline Wenger ◽  
Jacques Bille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Exogenous Origin

Background.In 1998, a study in the intensive care unit (ICU) of our institution suggested possible transmission of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from faucet to patient and from patient to patient. Infection-control measures were implemented to reduce the degree ofP. aeruginosacolonization in faucets, to reduce the use of faucet water in certain patient care procedures, and to reduce the rate of transmission from patient to patient.Objective.To evaluate the effect of the control measures instituted in 1999 to preventP. aeruginosainfection and colonization in ICU patients.Design.Prospective, molecular, epidemiological investigation.Setting.A 870-bed, university-affiliated, tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods.The investigation was performed in a manner identical to the 1998 investigation. ICU patients with a clinical specimen positive forP. aeruginosawere identified prospectively. Swab specimens from the inner part of the ICU faucets were obtained for the culture on 9 occasions between September 1997 and December 2000. All patients and environmental isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results.Compared with the 1998 study, in 2000 we found that the annual incidence of ICU patients colonized or infected withP. aeruginosahad decreased by half (26.6 patients per 1,000 admissions in 2000 vs 59.0 patients per 1,000 admissions in 1998), although the populations of patients were comparable. This decrease was the result of the decreased incidence of cases in which an isolate had a PFGE pattern identical to that of an isolate from a faucet (7.0 cases per 1,000 admissions in 2000, vs 23.6 per 1,000 admissions in 1998) or from another patient (6.5 cases per 1,000 admissions in 2000 vs 16.5 cases per 1,000 admissions in 1998), whereas the incidence of cases in which the isolate had a unique PFGE pattern remained nearly unchanged (13.1 cases per 1,000 admissions in 2000 vs 15.6 cases per 1,000 admissions in 1998).Conclusions.These results suggest that infection control measures were effective in decreasing the rate ofP. aeruginosacolonization and infection in ICU patients, confirming thatP. aeruginosastrains were of exogenous origin in a substantial proportion of patients during the preintervention period.

scholarly journals Expanding the Use of Noninvasive Ventilation During an Epidemic

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminka Kopić ◽  
Maja Tomić Paradžik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Preparedness Planning ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Option ◽  
Infection Control Guidelines

ABSTRACTNoninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a proved and effective therapeutic option for some patients with respiratory failure. During an epidemic, NIV can free up respirators and other intensive care unit equipment for patients with respiratory insufficiency whose survival depends exclusively on invasive ventilation. Some guidelines have indicated that NIV is potentially hazardous and should not be recommended for use during epidemics, given the perceived potential risk of transmission from aerosolized pathogen dispersion to other patients or medical staff. Conversely, some reports of previous epidemics describe NIV as a very efficient and safe modality of respiratory support, if strict infection control measures are implemented.We discuss NIV use during epidemics and indicate the need for prospective randomized clinical studies on the efficacy of NIV in epidemic conditions to provide important information to the current body of literature. Meanwhile, the use of NIV under strict infection control guidelines should be incorporated into epidemic preparedness planning. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;8:1-5)

Control of Nosocomial Clostridium difficile Transmission in Bone Marrow Transplant Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend Hanna ◽  
Issam Raad ◽  
Virginia Gonzalez ◽  
Jan Umphrey ◽  
Jeffrey Tarrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Infection Control Measures

AbstractThis is a report of six cases of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) that occurred among cancer patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation in a tertiary-care cancer hospital. Specific infection control measures that were taken to minimize the nosocomial spread of CDAD also are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of infection control measures on acquisition of five antimicrobial drug-resistant microorganisms in a tetanus intensive care unit in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Schultsz ◽  
Martinus C. J. Bootsma ◽  
Huynh T. Loan ◽  
Tran T. T. Nga ◽  
Le T. P. Thao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Infection Control Measures
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