scholarly journals Epidemiological Survey and Phylogenetic Characterization of Cysticercus tenuicollis Isolated from Tibetan Pigs in Tibet, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houqiang Luo ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Mujeeb Ur Rehman ◽  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Phylogenetic Characterization ◽  
Cysticercus Tenuicollis ◽  
Tibetan Pigs ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
First Time

Cysticercus tenuicollis, commonly known as “water bell,” is a larva of Taenia hydatigena, which is the most significant parasite of pigs. However, until now very few information is available regarding the prevalence and genetic characterization of the Cysticercus tenuicollis in Tibetan pigs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of Cysticercus tenuicollis in Tibetan pigs. For this purpose, the COX2 gene of Cysticercus tenuicollis was amplified and sequenced for the first time in Tibetan pigs. The overall prevalence of Cysticercus tenuicollis was 43.93% in Tibetan pigs, with further distribution of 42.86% in 2014 and 45.35% in 2015. In Tibetan male and female pigs, the prevalence of Cysticercus tenuicollis was 43.39% and 44.56%, respectively. The prevalence of Cysticercus tenuicollis in different growing stages (juveniles, subadults, and adults) varied from 30.20% to 63.79%. The phylogenetic analysis of the Cysticercus tenuicollis isolates showed very close resemblance to 16 reference strains, isolates from Gansu, Hunan, and Sichuan provinces of China. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the prevalence and genetic characterization of Cysticercus tenuicollis derived from Tibetan pigs. The data of present study provides baseline information for controlling cysticerci infections in pigs in Tibetan Plateau, China.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of three mitochondrial gene sequences of goat/sheep-derived coenurus cerebralis and cysticercus tenuicollis isolates in Inner Mongolia, China

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichi Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Di Yang ◽  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Weizhe Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Cysticercus Tenuicollis ◽  
Coenurus Cerebralis ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

Taenia multiceps and Taenia hydatigena are widely distributed tapeworms of canids. Due to a lack of genetic information on these two parasites in China, in this study we analyzed six coenurus cerebralis and two cysticercus tenuicollis cysts from goats or sheep in Inner Mongolia, northern China by amplifying three mitochondrial genes (cox1, nad4, and cytb). Two haplotypes were obtained at each locus for either of the two Taenia cestode species, with ten nucleotide sequences being novel. The degrees of genetic variations were 1.18%, 0.61% and 0.52% for coenurus cerebralis, and 0.24%, 0.46% and 0.35% for cysticercus tenuicollis at the cox1, nad4 and cytb loci, respectively. This is the first molecular description of animal-derived metacestodes of T. multiceps and T. hydatigena in Inner Mongolia, China. Novel nucleotide sequences might reflect endemic genetic characterization of the two cestodes. The present data are useful to explore the biological and epidemiological significance of intra-specific variations within both Taenia cestodes.

Molecular characterization and haplotypes of sheep and goat isolates of Cysticercus tenuicollis in Turkey

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (8) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc ◽  
Harun Kaya Kesik ◽  
Sami Simsek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Cysticercus Tenuicollis ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Common Parasite

AbstractTaenia hydatigena, is a common parasite, lived mostly in dogs and wild carnivores in its mature stage, and the larvae, Cysticercus tenuicollis, is found on ruminants and pigs. The aim of the current study was to determine the genetic diversity in 20 isolates of the sheep and goats. After the isolation of total genomic DNA from C. tenuicollis isolates, genetic characterization of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 gene region was amplified using specific JB11–JB12 primers in PCR and the PCR products were sequenced and haplotype and genetic diversity analyses were utilized. As a result, multiple nucleotide changes were determined in the sequence analyses of the isolates leading to detection of 16 and 15 different haplotypes in sheep and goat samples, respectively. These findings are important in terms of showing the diversity of nucleotide variation in C. tenuicollis in Turkey.

TBE in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
First Time

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was isolated for the first time in Sweden in 1958 (from ticks and from 1 tick-borne encephalitis [TBE] patient).1 In 2003, Haglund and colleagues reported the isolation and antigenic and genetic characterization of 14 TBEV strains from Swedish patients (samples collected 1991–1994).2 The first serum sample, from which TBEV was isolated, was obtained 2–10 days after onset of disease and found to be negative for anti-TBEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas TBEV-specific IgM (and TBEV-specific immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid [IgG/CSF] activity) was demonstrated in later serum samples taken during the second phase of the disease.

scholarly journals Subtype Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium felis in Cats in Guangdong and Shanghai, China

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jiayu Li ◽  
Fuxian Yang ◽  
Ruobing Liang ◽  
Sheng Guo ◽  
Yaqiong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gp60 Gene ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subtyping Tool

Cryptosporidiumfelis is an important cause of feline and human cryptosporidiosis. However, the transmission of this pathogen between humans and cats remains controversial, partially due to a lack of genetic characterization of isolates from cats. The present study was conducted to examine the genetic diversity of C. felis in cats in China and to assess their potential zoonotic transmission. A newly developed subtyping tool based on a sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene was employed to identify the subtypes of 30 cat-derived C. felis isolates from Guangdong and Shanghai. Altogether, 20 C. felis isolates were successfully subtyped. The results of the sequence alignment showed a high genetic diversity, with 13 novel subtypes and 2 known subtypes of the XIXa subtype family being identified. The known subtypes were previously detected in humans, while some of the subtypes formed well-supported subclusters with human-derived subtypes from other countries in a phylogenetic analysis of the gp60 sequences. The results of this study confirmed the high genetic diversity of the XIXa subtype family of C. felis. The common occurrence of this subtype family in both humans and cats suggests that there could be cross-species transmission of C. felis.

First Detection and Genetic Characterization of Equus Caballus Papillomavirus 1, 2 and 7 in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Tong ◽  
Xiaozhen Song ◽  
Meiling Ren ◽  
Erken Jia ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Equus Caballus ◽  
Genomic Sequences ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Pioneer Study ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Complete Genomic

Abstract Background: Nine species of Equus caballus papillomavirus (EcPV) have been reported to infect horses, however, there are so far no reports of such infections in China. Results: In our pioneer study with Chinese horses, we found EcPV-1 in intranasal papilloma and nasal swabs, EcPV-2 in nasal swabs and semen, and EcPV-7 primarily in semen. This indicates that EcPVs are indeed hosted by horses in China, and that EcPV-2 and 7 may be getting transmitted though breeding. Sequence analyses for complete genomic sequences of EcPV-1 (G2), EcPV-2 (XJ-KS1391) and EcPV-7 (XJ-zs1) were performed which indicated that EcPV-1, 2 and 7, that infect horses in China, share 99.3% nt identity with the already published sequences for EcPV-1, 2 and 7. These observations indicate that three types of EcPVs identified in the current study are highly similar variants of previously known types of EcPV-1, 2 and 7. Phylogenetic analysis based on L1 genes in GenBank showed that EcPV-1, 2 and 7, found in Chinese horses, are closely related to and clustered together with already known EcPV-1, 2 and 7, respectively. Conclusion: Our study provides a novel evidence for EcPVs infection and circulation in Chinese horses and thus lays the foundation for a systematic and detailed epidemiological study of these infections in Chinese horses.

scholarly journals Natural Infection of Southern Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum Interspecific Hybrids) by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 2598-2605
Author(s):  
Dario Di Genova ◽  
Kippy J. Lewis ◽  
Jonathan E. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Southern Highbush ◽  
Southern Georgia ◽  
First Time

Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is an emerging insect-vectored, xylem-limited bacterium that can cause disease on several economically important fruit and tree crops including almond, blueberry, citrus, grapevine, peach, and pecan. On blueberry, Xf causes bacterial leaf scorch (BLS), which is prevalent in the southeastern United States. This disease, previously reported to be caused by Xf subsp. multiplex (Xfm), can result in rapid plant decline and death of southern highbush (SHB) blueberry cultivars. In 2017, a survey of blueberry plantings in southern Georgia (U.S.A.) confirmed the presence of Xf-infected plants in eight of nine sites examined, and seven isolates were cultured from infected plants. Genetic characterization of these isolates through single-locus and multilocus sequence analysis revealed that three isolates from two sites belonged to Xf subsp. fastidiosa (Xff), with significant similarity to isolates from grapevine. After these three isolates were artificially inoculated onto greenhouse-grown SHB blueberries (cv. ‘Rebel’), symptoms typical of BLS developed, and Xff infection was confirmed through genetic characterization and reisolation of the bacterium to fulfill Koch’s postulates. Because all previously reported Xf isolates from blueberry have been characterized as Xfm, this is the first time that isolation of Xff has been reported from naturally infected blueberry plantings. The potential impact of Xff isolates on disease management in blueberry requires further exploration. Furthermore, given that isolates from both Xfm and Xff were obtained within a single naturally infected blueberry planting, blueberry in southern Georgia may provide opportunities for intersubspecific recombination between Xff and Xfm isolates.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Characterization of the Palyam Serogroup Orbiviruses

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Ebersohn ◽  
Peter Coetzee ◽  
Louwrens P. Snyman ◽  
Robert Swanepoel ◽  
Estelle H. Venter
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Full Genome Sequence ◽  
African Horse Sickness Virus ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Phylogenetic Characterization ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
High Degree

The Palyam serogroup orbiviruses are associated with abortion and teratogenesis in cattle and other ruminants. Of the 13 different serotypes that have been identified, the full genome sequence of only one, Kasba, has been published. We undertook to perform Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and phylogenetic analysis on 12 Palyam serotypes plus field isolates of the African serotypes in our possession. The Palyam serogroup was found to be most closely related to the African horse sickness virus group and showed the most distant evolutionary relationship to the equine encephalosis viruses (EEV). Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the gene encoding VP7 was the most conserved within serotypes and VP2 and VP5 showed the highest degree of variation. A high degree of sequence identity was found for isolates from the same geographical region. The phylogenetic analysis revealed two clades where the African serotypes were all very closely related in one clade and the other clade contained the Australian and Asian serotypes and one African serotype, Petevo. It was evident from the sequence data that the geographical origin of Palyam serogroup viruses played an important role in the development of the different serotypes.

scholarly journals Resistance Profiling and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum/Plasmid-Mediated AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Broiler Chickens in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ju Song ◽  
Dong Chan Moon ◽  
Abraham Fikru Mechesso ◽  
Hee Young Kang ◽  
Mi Hyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pfge Profiles

We aimed to identify and characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-and/or plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy broiler chickens slaughtered for human consumption in Korea. A total of 332 E. coli isolates were identified from 339 cloacal swabs in 2019. More than 90% of the isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials. ESBL/pAmpC-production was noted in 14% (46/332) of the isolates. Six of the CTX-M-β-lactamase-producing isolates were found to co-harbor at least one plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene. We observed the co-existence of blaCMY-2 and mcr-1 genes in the same isolate for the first time in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the majority of blaCMY-2-carrying isolates belonged to subgroup D. Conjugation confirmed the transferability of blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 genes, as well as non-β-lactam resistance traits from 60.9% (28/46) of the ESBL/pAmpC-producing isolates to a recipient E. coli J53. The ISECP, IS903, and orf477 elements were detected in the upstream or downstream regions. The blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 genes mainly belonged to the IncI1, IncHI2, and/or IncFII plasmids. Additionally, the majority of ESBL/pAmpC-producing isolates exhibited heterogeneous PFGE profiles. This study showed that healthy chickens act as reservoirs of ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli that can potentially be transmitted to humans.

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