scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus and Nonliver Solid Cancers: Is There an Association between HCV and Cancers of the Pancreas, Thyroid, Kidney, Oral Cavity, Breast, Lung, and Gastrointestinal Tract?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Qadwai ◽  
Tayyaba Rehman ◽  
Jonathan Barsa ◽  
Zeeshan Solangi ◽  
Edward Lebovics
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known for its oncogenic potential and has been found to be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It has also been postulated that HCV may play a role in the development of other extrahepatic solid tumors of other organs of the body since it has been isolated from the vessel wall, kidney, and oral mucosa. In this article, we have reviewed epidemiological studies that have been done to look into the relationship of HCV with nonliver solid cancers of the pancreas, thyroid, renal, oral cavity, breast, and lung and nonpancreatic gastrointestinal cancers. Based on this review, HCV might be associated with an increased risk of renal cell and lung cancers.

scholarly journals Poor Oral Health and Pre-Term Low Birth Infants

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
AKM Bashar ◽  
MS Alam
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Oral health though often considered as a distinct specialty that is separate from the body as a whole, but the health of the oral cavity can have wide-reaching effects on overall health. Poor oral health may occur concomitantly with a more serious underlying disease process or may predispose an individual to other health conditions. This article examines the relationship between poor oral health and increased risk for Pre-term low birth weight infants, underscoring that the oral cavity and its tissues are an integral part of the human body.   DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3595 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 56-65

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus-associated B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas

Hematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 590-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Vannata ◽  
Emanuele Zucca
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Causative Relationship ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an increased risk of developing B-cell lymphomas in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the strength of the association shows great geographic discrepancies, with higher relative risk in countries with high HCV prevalence. It remains unclear whether additional environmental and genetic factors are involved or if the international variability is simply a consequence of the variable infection prevalence. Therefore, a causal relationship remains controversial. Other confounding factors may affect the comparability of the different studies, including the method of HCV assessment, the selection of normal controls, the lymphoma classification used, and the year of publication. The most convincing proof is the observation, mainly limited to some indolent subtypes, of B-cell lymphoma regressions after HCV eradication with IFN and ribavirin. However, the molecular mechanisms of the HCV-induced lymphomagenesis are mainly hypothetical. According to the model considered to be most plausible, lymphoma growth is a consequence of the continuous antigenic stimulation of the B-cell immunologic response induced by the chronic viral infection. This review summarizes the current epidemiological and biological evidence of a role of HCV in lymphomagenesis, describing the putative mechanisms for a causative relationship. The clinical characteristics and management difficulties of the HCV-associated lymphomas are also discussed. HCV treatment with IFN cannot be given safely in concomitance with cytotoxic lymphoma treatment because of hematological and liver toxicity. However, novel and better tolerated antiviral regimens are under development and will hopefully make the treatment of both lymphoma and hepatitis easier in the future.

The Brain and Body on Stress

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce S. McEwen ◽  
Natalie L. Rasgon
Keyword(s):  
Allostatic Load ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Brain Insulin Resistance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Neuroscientists have treated the brain in isolation from the rest of the body, while endocrinology and general medicine have viewed the body largely without regard to the influence of systemic physiology and pathophysiology on higher brain centers outside of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. But now there is greater recognition of brain–body interactions affecting the limbic and cognitive systems of brain and altering systemic physiology; these are conceptualized as allostasis and allostatic load and overload. These concepts look at both the interactions of brain and body to stressors and health-promoting and health-damaging behaviors, and they help integrate behavior and mood with systemic functions. These interactions involve genetic predispositions and epigenetic alterations mediated by circulating steroid and metabolic hormones. Comorbidity and multi-morbidity of disorders will be illustrated by the relationship of systemic and brain insulin resistance to the psychopathology of depression and to the increased risk for dementia.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF MASS OF THE BODY, FISHERY LENGTH AND THE FISH – PRODUCTIVITY OF ONE-YEARS OF PIKEPERCH BY THE BREEDING THEM IN PONDS FOR CARPS

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 014-021
Author(s):  
Saya K. Koyshibaeva ◽  
◽  
Shokhan A. Alpeyisov ◽  
Evgeniy V. Fedorov ◽  
Nina S. Badryzlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fish Productivity

Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Walden
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The book’s epilogue explores the place of musical portraiture in the context of posthumous depictions of the deceased, and in relation to the so-called posthuman condition, which describes contemporary changes in the relationship of the individual with such aspects of life as technology and the body. It first examines Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo to view how Bernard Herrmann’s score relates to issues of portraiture and the depiction of the identity of the deceased. It then considers the work of cyborg composer-artist Neil Harbisson, who has aimed, through the use of new capabilities of hybridity between the body and technology, to convey something akin to visual likeness in his series of Sound Portraits. The epilogue shows how an examination of contemporary views of posthumous and posthuman identities helps to illuminate the ways music represents the self throughout the genre of musical portraiture.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Hepatitis C Virus Rates and Office-Based Buprenorphine Access in Ohio

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L Brook ◽  
Angela T Hetrick ◽  
Shibani R Chettri ◽  
Christine A Schalkoff ◽  
Adams L Sibley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Diabetes and COVID19: a bidirectional relationship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Unnikrishnan ◽  
Anoop Misra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
Pancreatic Damage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Onset

AbstractThe advent and rapid spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic across the world has focused attention on the relationship of commonly occurring comorbidities such as diabetes on the course and outcomes of this infection. While diabetes does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of COVID19 infection per se, it has been clearly demonstrated that the presence of hyperglycemia of any degree predisposes to worse outcomes, such as more severe respiratory involvement, ICU admissions, need for mechanical ventilation and mortality. Further, COVID19 infection has been associated with the development of new-onset hyperglycemia and diabetes, and worsening of glycemic control in pre-existing diabetes, due to direct pancreatic damage by the virus, body’s stress response to infection (including cytokine storm) and use of diabetogenic drugs such as corticosteroids in the treatment of severe COVID19. In addition, public health measures taken to flatten the pandemic curve (such as lockdowns) can also adversely impact persons with diabetes by limiting their access to clinical care, healthy diet, and opportunities to exercise. Most antidiabetic medications can continue to be used in patients with mild COVID19 but switching over to insulin is preferred in severe disease.

scholarly journals Diabetes and COVID19: a bidirectional relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Unnikrishnan ◽  
Anoop Misra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
Pancreatic Damage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Onset

AbstractThe advent and rapid spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic across the world has focused attention on the relationship of commonly occurring comorbidities such as diabetes on the course and outcomes of this infection. While diabetes does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of COVID19 infection per se, it has been clearly demonstrated that the presence of hyperglycemia of any degree predisposes to worse outcomes, such as more severe respiratory involvement, ICU admissions, need for mechanical ventilation and mortality. Further, COVID19 infection has been associated with the development of new-onset hyperglycemia and diabetes, and worsening of glycemic control in pre-existing diabetes, due to direct pancreatic damage by the virus, body’s stress response to infection (including cytokine storm) and use of diabetogenic drugs such as corticosteroids in the treatment of severe COVID19. In addition, public health measures taken to flatten the pandemic curve (such as lockdowns) can also adversely impact persons with diabetes by limiting their access to clinical care, healthy diet, and opportunities to exercise. Most antidiabetic medications can continue to be used in patients with mild COVID19 but switching over to insulin is preferred in severe disease.

scholarly journals Relationship between benzodiazepine prescription, aggressive behavior, and behavioral disinhibition: a retrospective study in a Swiss prison

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Baggio ◽  
Vladan Starcevic ◽  
Patrick Heller ◽  
Karen Brändle ◽  
Irina Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Behavioral Disinhibition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed in prisons amidst the controversies surrounding their potential role in causing behavioral disinhibition and aggressive behavior and their association with use and trafficking of illicit and addictive substances. The present study aimed to (1) ascertain the relationship between benzodiazepine prescription (including their dosage and duration of use) and aggressive behavior and behavioral disinhibition in prison and (2) investigate whether there was an association between benzodiazepine prescription, (including their dosage and duration of use) and using and trafficking illicit and addictive substances during imprisonment. Methods Data were extracted from the electronic database of an “open” Swiss prison (n = 1206, 1379 measures) over a 5-year period (2010–2015). Measures included benzodiazepine prescription, duration of benzodiazepine use and mean dosage, and punishable behaviors (physical and verbal aggression, disinhibited but not directly aggressive behaviors, property damage or theft, substance-related offenses, and rule transgression). We assessed the relationship between benzodiazepine prescription and punishable behaviors after propensity score matching. Logistic regressions were also used to test the relationship of benzodiazepine use duration and dosage with punishable behaviors among participants who received benzodiazepines. Results After propensity score matching, benzodiazepine prescription was not significantly associated with any punishable behavior. Among detained persons who took benzodiazepines, there was no significant association of dosage and duration of use with offenses involving illicit or addictive substance use or trafficking. Conclusions Our study did not empirically support the occurrence of increased aggressive or disinhibited behaviors or increased risk of substance abuse in detained persons who received benzodiazepines in prison. This suggests a need to reconsider restrictions in prescribing benzodiazepines in the prison setting.

Surgical Anatomy for Extended Facelift Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Ozcan Cakmak ◽  
Ismet Emrah Emre
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Extended Techniques ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Face ◽  
Facial Soft Tissues ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPreservation of the facial nerve is crucial in any type of facial procedure. This is even more important when performing plastic surgery on the face. An intricate knowledge of the course of the facial nerve is a requisite prior to performing facelifts, regardless of the technique used. The complex relationship of the ligaments and the facial nerve may put the nerve at an increased risk of damage, especially if its anatomy is not fully understood. There are several danger zones during dissection where the nerve is more likely to be injured. These include the areas where the nerve branches become more superficial in the dissection plane, and where they traverse between the retaining ligaments of the face. Addressing these ligaments is crucial, as they prevent the transmission of traction during facelifts. Without sufficient release, a satisfying pull on the soft tissues may be limited. Traditional superficial musculoaponeurotic system techniques such as plication or imbrication do not include surgical release of these attachments. Extended facelift techniques include additional dissection to release the retaining ligaments to obtain a more balanced and healthier look. However, these techniques are often the subject of much debate due to the extended dissection that carries a higher risk of nerve complications. In this article we aim to present the relationship of both the nerve and ligaments with an emphasis on the exact location of these structures, both in regard to one another and to their locations within the facial soft tissues, to perform extended techniques safely.

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