scholarly journals Bone Response to Two Dental Implants with Different Sandblasted/Acid-Etched Implant Surfaces: A Histological and Histomorphometrical Study in Rabbits

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Alesandro Quaranta ◽  
Felice Lorusso
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Model Experiment ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hydrophilic Surfaces ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Implant Dentistry

Background. Scientific evidence in the field of implant dentistry of the past 20 years established that titanium rough surfaces have shown improved osseointegration rates. In a majority of dental implants, the surface microroughness was obtained by grit blasting and/or acid etching. The aim of the study was to evaluate in vivo two different highly hydrophilic surfaces at different experimental times. Methods. Calcium-modified (CA) and SLActive surfaces were evaluated and a total of 18 implants for each type of surface were positioned into the rabbit articular femoral knee-joint in a split model experiment, and they were evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically at 15, 30, and 60 days of healing. Results. Bone-implant contact (BIC) at the two-implant surfaces was significantly different in favor of the CA surface at 15 days (p=0.027), while SLActive displayed not significantly higher values at 30 (p=0.51) and 60 days (p=0.061). Conclusion. Both implant surfaces show an intimate interaction with newly formed bone.

scholarly journals A Narrative Review of the Histological and Histomorphometrical Evaluation of the Peri-Implant Bone in Loaded and Unloaded Dental Implants. A 30-Year Experience (1988–2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Tumedei ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Marco Degidi ◽  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
Implant Loading ◽  
The University ◽  
System Selection

Background: The aim of the present review was to assess the histological and histomorphometrical data from the paper published by our Laboratory on peri-implant bone in dental implants in different loading conditions. Methods: The papers published in different implant loading conditions, in dental implants retrieved from humans, and in the Hard Tissues Research Center of the University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy, were screened on MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and other electronic databases until 31 December 2018. Only articles that reported the histological and histomorphometrical values of the Bone-Implant Contact (BIC) were selected. Results: The system selection provided a total of 155 papers. The manuscripts included for the narrative review were 57. These papers provided histological and histomorphometrical data. Conclusions: The bone remodeling around dental implants was found to be a dynamic process; loading changed the microstructure of the peri-implant bone; and implants were found to provide a successful function, over several decades, with different range of degrees of BIC in vivo (varying from a little more than 30% to a little more than 90%). Loaded implants presented a 10%–12% higher BIC values when compared to submerged, unloaded implants, and rougher surfaces had, on average, about a 10% higher BIC than machined surfaces.

Sequential Bone Response to Immediately Loaded Mini-Implants, in vivo Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glaucio Serra Guimarães ◽  
Liliane Siqueira de Morais ◽  
Carlos Nelson Elias ◽  
Marc Andre Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACTThe use of osseointegrated titanium implants has been related like an excellent alternative to traditional orthodontic anchorage methodologies, and they are a necessity when dental elements lack quantity or quality, when extraoral devices are impractical, or when noncompliance during treatment is likely. In orthodontics, the implants can be use to anchor different movements. However, conventional dental implants can only be placed in limited areas such as the retromolar or the edentulous areas. Another limitation has been the direction of the force application and conventional dental implants are troublesome for patients because of the severity of the surgery, the discomfort of the initial healing, and the difficulty of oral hygiene. Due to these factors, mini-implants became widely used. They have little limitations related to the local of implantation, the surgical procedure of insertion is relatively simple and the control of direction and quantify of the force is simple to be done. These improvements were obtained due to decrease of the size, but these changes could result on significant changes to the bone-implant interface. Since, the orthodontic treatment has to be done as fast as possible. The purpose of this work is to analyze the bone healing reactions to immediately loaded mini-implant of titanium alloy grade 4 by histological, fluorescent and SEM observation, by histomorphometric analysis and by removal torque test. Material and method: Seventy two mini-implants were inserted in eighteen New Zealand rabbits. Four mini-implants were put in the right tibiae of each rabbit and two of then were loaded immediately with 100 gf. Subcutaneous injections of fluorescent labels were administrated in defined periods. The animals were euthanized after 1, 4 and 12 weeks, performing three time analysis and the tibias were dissected and prepared to microcopy analysis and to removal torque test. Results: The results indicated that all the mini-implants remained stable during experimental time. The SEM findings indicated no differences between load and unload group in one and four weeks period, although, the 12 weeks loaded group demonstrated more mature bone formation than the unload group in the same time. These findings suggest that the force can be applied after insertion of the mini-implant without compromises their stability.

Thirty Years of Translational Research in Zirconia Dental Implants: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allauddin Siddiqi ◽  
Abdul Samad Khan ◽  
Sobia Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Computer Search ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Animal Trials ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Preclinical Animal Models

Thirty years of transitional research in zirconia (Zr) ceramics has led to significant improvements in the biomedical field, especially in dental implantology. Oral implants made of yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) because of their excellent mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and esthetically acceptable color have emerged as an attractive metal-free alternative to titanium (Ti) implants. The aim of the review was to highlight the translation research in Zr dental implants that has been conducted over the past 3 decades using preclinical animal models. A computer search of electronic databases, primarily PubMed, was performed with the following key words: “zirconia ceramics AND animal trials,” “ceramic implants AND animal trials,” “zirconia AND animal trials,” “zirconia AND in vivo animal trials,” without any language restriction. However, the search was limited to animal trials discussing percentage bone-implant contact (%BIC) around zirconia implants/discs. This search resulted in 132 articles (reviews, in vivo studies, and animal studies) of potential interest. We restricted our search terms to “zirconia/ceramic,” “bone-implant-contact,” and “animal trials” and found 29 relevant publications, which were then selected for full-text reading. Reasons for exclusion included the article's not being an animal study, being a review article, and not discussing %BIC around Zr implants/discs. Most of the studies investigated BIC around Zr in rabbits (30%), pigs (approximately 20%), dogs, sheep, and rats. This review of the literature shows that preclinical animal models can be successfully used to investigate osseointegration around Zr ceramics. Results of the reviewed studies demonstrated excellent %BIC around Zr implants. It should be noted that most of the studies investigated %BIC/removal torque under nonloading conditions, and results would have been somewhat different in functional loading situations because of inherent limitations of Zr ceramics. Further trials are needed to evaluate the performance of Zr ceramics in clinical conditions using implants designed and manufactured via novel techniques that enhance their biomechanical properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Osteoporosis on Well-Integrated Bone Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Amani M. Basudan ◽  
Marwa Y. Shaheen ◽  
Abdurahman A. Niazy ◽  
Jeroen J.J.P. van den Beucken ◽  
John A. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Bone Implants ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Edentulous Patients

The installation of dental implants has become a common treatment for edentulous patients. However, concern exists about the influence of osteoporosis on the final implant success. This study evaluated whether an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic condition, induced eight weeks postimplantation in a rat femoral condyle, influences the bone response to already-integrated implants. The implants were inserted in the femoral condyle of 16 female Wistar rats. Eight weeks postimplantation, rats were randomly ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM). Fourteen weeks later, animals were sacrificed, and implants were used for histological and histomorphometric analyses. A significant reduction in the quantity and quality of trabecular bone around dental implants existed in OVX rats in comparison to the SHAM group. For histomorphometric analysis, the bone area (BA%) showed a significant difference between OVX (34.2 ± 4.3) and SHAM (52.6 ± 12.7) groups (p < 0.05). Bone–implant contact (BIC%) revealed significantly lower values for all implants in OVX (42.5 ± 20.4) versus SHAM (59.0 ± 19.0) rats. Therefore, induction of an osteoporotic condition eight weeks postimplantation in a rat model negatively affects the amount of bone present in close vicinity to bone implants.

Strontium-Loaded Nanotubes of Ti–24Nb–4Zr–8Sn Alloys for Biomedical Implantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1812-1823
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Xinyu Wang ◽  
Shujun Li ◽  
Yiheng Liao ◽  
Xinxin Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Contact Rate ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus ◽  
Bone Implant Contact

Ti–24Nb–4Zr–8Sn (Ti2448) alloys, with a relatively low elastic modulus and unique mechanical properties, are desirable materials for oral implantation. In the current study, a multifaceted strontium-incorporating nanotube coating was fabricated on a Ti2448 alloy (Ti2-NTSr) through anodization and hydrothermal procedures. In vitro, the Ti2-NTSr specimens demonstrated better osteogenic properties and more favorable osteoimmunomodulatory abilities. Moreover, macrophages on Ti2-NTSr specimens could improve the recruitment and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts. In vivo, dense clots with highly branched, thin fibrins and small pores existed on the Ti2-NTSr implant in the early stage after surgery. Analysis of the deposition of Ca and P elements, hard tissue slices and the bone-implant contact rate (BIC%) of the Ti2-NTSr implants also showed superior osseointegration. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the Ti2-NTSr coating may maximize the clinical outcomes of Ti2448 alloys for implantation applications.

scholarly journals Complications in implant dentistry

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Hanif ◽  
Saima Qureshi ◽  
Zeeshan Sheikh ◽  
Haroon Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Tooth Replacement ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Removable Partial Denture ◽  
Partial Denture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Implant Dentistry

ABSTRACTAfter tooth loss, an individual may seek tooth replacement so that his/her function and esthetics could be restored. Clinical prosthodontics, during the past decade, has significantly improved and developed according to the advancements in the science and patient's demands and needs. Conventional options in prosthodontics for substituting a missing single tooth include the removable partial denture, partial and full coverage bridgework, and resin-bonded bridgework. Dental implants have gained increasing popularity over the years as they are capable of restoring the function to near normal in both partial and completely edentulous arches. With substantial evidence available, fixed implant-supported prosthesis are fully acknowledged as a reliable treatment option for the replacement of single or multiple missing teeth nowadays. While dental implants are increasingly becoming the choice of replacement for missing teeth, the impediments associated with them are progressively emerging too.

scholarly journals In VivoMicroCT Monitoring of Osteomyelitis in a Rat Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent A. Stadelmann ◽  
Inga Potapova ◽  
Karin Camenisch ◽  
Dirk Nehrbass ◽  
R. Geoff Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Bone Fraction ◽  
Microct Imaging

Infection associated with orthopedic implants often results in bone loss and requires surgical removal of the implant. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological changes of bone adjacent to a bacteria-colonized implant, with the aim of identifying temporal patterns that are characteristic of infection. In anin vivostudy with rats, bone changes were assessed usingin vivomicroCT at 7 time points during a one-month postoperative period. The rats received either a sterile orStaphylococcus aureus-colonized polyetheretherketone screw in the tibia. Bone-implant contact, bone fraction, and bone changes (quiescent, resorbed, and new bone) were calculated from consecutive scans and validated against histomorphometry. The screw pullout strength was estimated from FE models and the results were validated against mechanical testing. In the sterile group, bone-implant contact, bone fraction, and mechanical fixation increased steadily until day 14 and then plateaued. In the infected group, they decreased rapidly. Bone formation was reduced while resorption was increased, with maximum effects observed within 6 days. In summary, the model presented is capable of evaluating the patterns of bone changes due to implant-related infections. The combined use of longitudinalin vivomicroCT imaging and image-based finite element analysis provides characteristic signs of infection within 6 days.

Clinical Experience with One-Stage, Non-Submerged Dental Implants

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Buser ◽  
Regina Mericske-Stern ◽  
Karl Dula ◽  
Niklaus P. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Implant Dentistry ◽  
Implant System ◽  
Scientific Documentation ◽  
Near Future

This review article describes the scientific documentation of one-stage, non-submerged dental implants. In the past 25 years, numerous in vivo studies have demonstrated that non-submerged titanium implants achieve osseointegration as predictable as that of submerged titanium implants. This observation was confirmed in prospective clinical studies, mostly done with the ITI® Dental Implant System. ITI implants have been widely documented for up to 10 years of prospective follow-up at various centers. All studies showed success rates well above 90%. In summary, the non-submerged approach is a true alternative to the original healing modality with submerged titanium implants. The non-submerged approach offers several clinical advantages: (i) the avoidance of a second surgical procedure and less chair time per patient, resulting in overall reduced treatment cost; (ii) the lack of a microgap at the bone crest level, leading to less crestal bone during healing and resulting in a more favorable crown-to-implant length ratio; and (iii) a simplified prosthetic procedure, presenting an ideal basis for cemented implant restorations. Due to these significant clinical advantages, the non-submerged approach will become more important in implant dentistry in the near future, particularly in implant sites without esthetic priority.

scholarly journals Bone-Implant Contact around Crestal and Subcrestal Dental Implants Submitted to Immediate and Conventional Loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Emília Farias Pontes ◽  
Fernando Salimon Ribeiro ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
Juliana Rico Pires ◽  
Elizangela Partata Zuza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Edentulous Mandible ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Bone Level

The present study aims to evaluate the influence of apicocoronal position and immediate and conventional loading in the percentage of bone-implant contact (BIC). Thus, 36 implants were inserted in the edentulous mandible from six dogs. Three implants were installed in each hemimandible, in different positions in relation to the ridge: Bone Level (at crestal bone level), Minus 1 (one millimeter apical to crestal bone), and Minus 2 (two millimeters apical to crestal bone). In addition, each hemimandible was submitted to a loading protocol: immediate (prosthesis installed 24 hours after implantation) or conventional (prosthesis installed 120 days after implantation). Ninety days after, animals were killed, and implant and adjacent tissues were prepared for histometric analysis. BIC values from immediate loaded implants were 58.7%, 57.7%, and 51.1%, respectively, while conventional loaded implants were 61.8%, 53.8%, and 68.4%. Differences statistically significant were not observed among groups (P=0.10, ANOVA test). These findings suggest that different apicocoronal positioning and loading protocols evaluated did not interfere in the percentage of bone-implant contact, suggesting that these procedures did not jeopardize osseointegration.

scholarly journals New laser-treated implant surfaces: A histologic and histomorphometric pilot study in rabbits

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Berardi ◽  
Simona De Benedittis ◽  
Andrea Scoccia ◽  
Giorgio Perfetti ◽  
Pio Conti
Keyword(s):  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Implant Contact ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Generate Surface ◽  
Diode Pumped ◽  
Morphologic Analysis ◽  
Pattern Group ◽  
Average Bone ◽  
Body Bone

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm the validity of laser treated implant surfaces, with regard to high superficial purity preservation and to extremely regular and uniform roughness surfaces. Methods: In this in vivo study, seven different laser treated implant surfaces were analyzed. A diode-pumped solid state source laser, in a Q-Switch output mode, was used at various wavelengths, which were chosen to generate surface irregularities of varying diameter, depth and pitch. Twenty one implants were placed in 11 New Zealand rabbits. Eight weeks after surgery, implants were harvested for histometric analysis: total, threads and body bone-to-implant, and bone-to-implant contacts were measured. The morphologic analysis of the surface was carried out using a Scanning Electron Microscope. Results: Average bone-implant contact values were approximately 50% for all tested surfaces. Both total and threads values, within the same processing pattern group, had a high variance. Bone-implant contact thread and body variances were different, so that is possible that laser beam angle is able to modify the superficial roughness and thus the histological response. Conclusions: Implants provided with pores of 20 and 25 µm achieved more than satisfactory bone-implant contact partial peaks. Further statistically significant experiments are needed in order to study, in depth, these surfaces.

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