A Questionnaire Study on the Use of Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine for Dogs in Sweden

Complementary and alternative veterinary medicine (CAVM) includes treatment methods that are not part of established veterinary medicine and where there is not as yet sufficient scientific documentation of the proposed effects. The CAVM use in Swedish dogs is largely unknown, and the aim of this study was to explore this use. Electronic questionnaires were distributed to dog owners, small animal veterinary practitioners, and CAVM therapists. A total of 253 dog owners responded. Except for massage, stretching, and laser therapy, more than 75% of the respondents stated that they did not use CAVM for their dogs. Of the 216 responding veterinarians, 39% did not use CAVM. CAVM use was more common among respondents with <10 years of work experience as compared to those with >10 years of work experience (p < 0.05). Almost half of the 124 responding CAVM therapists treated dogs; the most frequently used methods included massage, stretching, and acupressure. A majority of all respondents found the current Swedish regulation of CAVM insufficient. Although CAVM use in Swedish dogs appears to be uncommon, there is a need for scientific assessment of CAVM in dogs as regards safety and effectiveness for different indications.

Sumbawa Wild Horse Milk: Production, Usage, Chemical Compound, Microbial Community, and Probiotics Potency

<p class="00-6Abstrak2Wtz">Wild horse milk of Sumbawa is a national commodity derived from the wild horse in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This product is well known to have health benefits for people. There have been studies related to milk’s characterization, chemical composition, microbial biodiversity, and probiotics effects by Indonesian academists since it is a local product produced only in Indonesia. This report objects to collect scientific documentation in Indonesia of wild horse milk of Sumbawa usage, its production, chemical compounds, microbial community, and potency as probiotics. Milk production of Sumbawa horse milk was 1-2 liters/horse/day. The usage of this commodity covered the health, medicine, food, and cosmetics industries. The main chemistry compound of wild horse milk was lactose 6.48%, protein 1.81%, and fat 1.67%, which will affect its microbial community. Lactic acid bacteria, especially Lactobacillus, were the dominant bacteria that have potency as probiotics. Thus, this article provides a reference for academists or researchers who are interested to explore this commodity.</p>

Exploration of the Medicinal Flora of the Aljumum Region in Saudi Arabia

Understanding the natural resources of native flora in a particular area is essential to be able to identify, record, and update existing records concerning the flora of that area, especially medicinal plants. Until recently, there has been very little scientific documentation on the biological diversity of Aljumum flora. The current study aimed to document medicinal plants among the flora of this region and determine the traditional usages that are documented in the literature. In the flowering season from November 2019 to May 2020, we conducted more than 80 field trips to the study area. The results reported 90 species belonging to 79 genera and 34 families in the Aljumum region, which constitute 82 species of medicinal plants from a total of 2253 known species in Saudi Arabia. The most distributed species were Calotropis procera, Panicum turgidum, and Aerva javanica (5.31%); within four endemic families, we found Fabaceae (32.35%), Poaceae (20.58%), and Asteraceae and Brassicaceae (17.64%). The present study reviews a collection of medicinal plants in Aljumum used in ethnomedicine. Additionally, these natural resources should be preserved, and therefore, conservation programs should be established to protect the natural diversity of the plant species in this region with sustainable environmental management.

Promise of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors in In Vivo Disease Models

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are conserved cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that track the intracellular milieu for the existence of infection, disease-causing microbes, as well as metabolic distresses. The NLRP3 inflammasome agglomerates are consequent to sensing a wide spectrum of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Certain members of the NLR family have been documented to lump into multimolecular conglomerates called inflammasomes, which are inherently linked to stimulation of the cysteine protease caspase-1. Following activation, caspase-1 severs the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 to their biologically active forms, with consequent commencement of caspase-1-associated pyroptosis. This type of cell death by pyroptosis epitomizes a leading pathway of inflammation. Accumulating scientific documentation has recorded overstimulation of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome involvement in a wide array of inflammatory conditions. IL-1β is an archetypic inflammatory cytokine implicated in multiple types of inflammatory maladies. Approaches to impede IL-1β’s actions are possible, and their therapeutic effects have been clinically demonstrated; nevertheless, such strategies are associated with certain constraints. For instance, treatments that focus on systemically negating IL-1β (i.e., anakinra, rilonacept, and canakinumab) have been reported to result in an escalated peril of infections. Therefore, given the therapeutic promise of an NLRP3 inhibitor, the concerted escalated venture of the scientific sorority in the advancement of small molecules focusing on direct NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition is quite predictable.

Defects in Doubt Manufacturing: The Trajectory of a Pro-industrial Argument in the Struggle for the Definition of Carcinogenic Substances

Recent work in science and technology studies has looked at how chemical industries manufacture doubt about the toxicity of their products and manage to establish their scientific views in the field of international regulations on toxic substances. Rather than examining yet another “victory” for the industry, this article analyzes the deployment of a “pro-industrial” scientific position, punctuated mainly by failure and opposition. This trajectory is tracked through the analysis of several data sets: archives, scientific documentation, and sociological interviews. The first part of the article charts the development of a biochemical concept, “peroxisome proliferation,” within an academic subfield and its subsequent appropriation by certain industrial parties who used it as a defensive weapon for their commercial interests. Through the example of the International Agency for Research on Cancer and its network of interdependent institutions, the article goes on to analyze the multiple attempts of chemical industry players to establish their interpretation of the concept within the regulatory bodies for carcinogenic substances. The study of such systems of sociological interdependence shows that a full analysis of the “doubt manufacturing” requires an examination not only of the manufacturing process but also of the reception of the ideas produced.

Inovasi e-Layanan Kepustakaan di Perpustakaan Lembaga Riset Studi Kasus pada Pusat Data dan Dokumentasi Ilmiah

Library service innovation is part of realizing the excellent service of the library.The pandemic period that occurred from March 2020 to mid-2021 made the Library Of Data and Scientific Documentation Center of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences strive to innovate e-library services.The innovations carried out by the Data and Scientific Documentation Center Indonesian Institute of Sciences Library include innovations of its service types, revision and addition of ISO Library Services (SOP) & risk management, and Regional Service Systems integrated in INTRA LIPI.The research method used is through observation and study of literature. The purpose of this writing is to inform the innovation of PDDI LIPI's e-service literature including the type of service, revision and addition of ISO Library Services (SOP) & risk management and Regional Service System integrated in INTRA LIPI and challenges must be faced so that this innovation can be realized.

Drug-Lead Anti-tuberculosis Phytochemicals: A Systematic Review

Today, the occurrence and recurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains and TB-comorbidity incidence are the main reasons for long-term morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis (TB) caused by the nasty acid-fast pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, globally. Therefore, discovering and developing well-tolerated and non-toxic anti-TB regimens are directly needed to defend the gruesome MDR-TB strains and support WHO’s ‘END-TB’ campaign. Alternatively, phytochemicals from various common and medicinal plants have always been vital therapeutic agents since the primitive era. Thus, to promote phytochemical-based anti-TB drug development, scientific documentation of biological activities, structural-cum-drug chemistry analyses are essential. In the present review, we have used some specific keywords such as ‘antituberculosis phytochemicals’, 'antituberculosis phytochemicals from plant source', ‘natural products against tuberculosis’ in Google, PubMed, ScienceDirect sites to get more appropriate research reports/ publications. Further, based on lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) within 50 µg/mL, a total of two-hundred-twenty-one bioactive anti-TB phytochemicals were selected for critical drug-chemistry and structural activity relationship (SAR) analyses to accelerate the anti-TB drug development with most drug lead anti-TB candidates. Among all, abietane, ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, ergosterol peroxide, mono-O-methyl curcumin isoxazole, 7-methyljuglone, 12-demethylmulticaulin, 12-methyl-5-dehy droacetylhorminone, tryptanthrin, etc. are some of the potential anti-TB phytochemicals display at the minimum concentration ≤ 1 µg/mL. Remarkably, existing and clinical drug pipelines for TB contain more than one phytochemical scaffold/ pharmacophores illustrated from the SAR analysis. Thus, updated experimental documentation and critical drug-chemistry analysis on isolated phytochemicals are more beneficial for drug developers, R & D centres and pharmaceutical companies to accelerate the anti-TB drug development.

التربية الحـوارية في ضوء السنة النبوية

إذا كان الاختلاف والتنوع أمر حتمي، لا مفر منه بين أفراد المجتمع؛ فلابد من البحث عن سبل للتواصل والتوافق وتوحيد الرؤى العامة والخطوط العريضة بين عناصر المجتمع ومكوناته المختلفة والمتنوعة؛ وإن ظل الاختلاف في الفروع والجزئيات قائمًا فهذه هي سنة الله في خلقه، ومن هنا تظهر أهمية التربية الحوارية وسيلة جليلة القدر، عظيمة الفائدة في مد جذور التواصل والتفاهم، ومن ثم التقارب والتعايش بين أتباع أفراد وعناصر المجتمع الواحد على اختلاف أفكارهم وتوجهاتهم. وقد حفلت السنة النبوية العطرة بالعديد من الأحاديث والآثار القولية، والمواقف والأحداث الفعلية، التي تتجلى فيها قيمة الحوار، بوصفه نظاما للتعامل، وآلية للتفاهم والتعايش، ووسيلة لتحقيق الاحترام المتبادل بين أفراد المجتمع الإنساني. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى التأصيل العلمي، لمفهوم التربية الحوارية،وبيان أهميتها وأهدافها، ومقاصدها، وسبل تفعيلها في ظل الواقع المعاصر، والتأكيد على أن نظام التربية الحوارية واجب ديني، ومصلحة إنسانية، وضرورة حتمية. Since difference and diversity are imperative and unavoidable among members of society; We must search for ways to communicate, reconcile, and unify general visions and head lines between the various members of society and its various components. And if the difference in subtitles and partially remains... then this is the Sunnah of Allah in his creation, here it is clear that the importance of dialogue mananers as ahonorable tool and has a great benefit in extending the bridges of communication and understanding, and hence the rapprochement and coexistence between individuals and members of the same society with their different ideas and intents. The prophetic sunnah has a plenty of beautiful hadiths and narrated sayings and doings of the Prophet (PBUH) and actual events in which the value of dialogue is manifested, as a system of interaction, a mechanism for understanding and coexistence, and as means to achieve mutual respect between members of the human community. And this research aims to scientific documentation for the concept of dialogue manners and to demonstrate its importance, its goals, its purposes and means of activating it in light of contemporary reality and emphasizing that the system of dialogue manners is a religious duty, a humanitarian interest and an imperative necessity.

ELISA test metapneumoviral infection of bird: methodology of development and use in veterinary practice

In the absence of diagnostic kits for the detection of antibodies to metapneumovirus infection (MPVI) epizootological monitoring in Ukrainian farms is practically not carried out, imported test systems have a "sky-high" price, so there is a need for domestic methods of diagnosing this disease. The most accurate, easy-to-use method is ELISA-based test systems (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). A diagnostic ELISA test system for the detection of antibodies to MPVI has been developed and it has been established that this diagnosticum should be used in the practice of veterinary medicine for serological control of metaviral virus infection. The optimal ratios of components for the manufacture of ELISA test system have been worked out. The form of calculation of antibody titers in blood sera of chickens when testing them in one dilution is calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA test system were determined (comparative analysis of serum testing results in ELISA, RNGA and RN). Scientific documentation has been developed – instructions for the manufacture and control of ELISA test systems for the detection of antibodies to metapneumovirus infection in the serum of chickens and instructions for its use. Indication and identification of the obtained virus isolate was carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequencing. Based on the studies carried out in the suspension of the internal organs of turkeys (trachea, lungs), a virus belonging to subtype B of the genus Metapneumovirus, subfamily Pneumovirinae, family Paramyxoviridae of the order Mononegavirales was revealed. By comparing the nucleotide sequence of the G gene fragment of the PVT-09/B strain with the sequences of strains and isolates of the avian metapneumovirus subtype B published in the GenBank database, it was found that the metapneumovirus isolated from sick turkeys is phylogenetically close to the Brazilian strains 27A-07 2007 and MPV/B/Brazil-07/USP-08 G

Foot/Ankle Prostheses Design Approach Based on Scientometric and Patentometric Analyses

There are different alternatives when selecting removable prostheses for below the knee amputated patients. The designs of these prostheses vary according to their different functions. These prostheses designs can be classified into Energy Storing and Return (ESAR), Controlled Energy Storing and Return (CESR), active, and hybrid. This paper aims to identify the state of the art related to the design of these prostheses of which ESAR prostheses are grouped into five types, and active and CESR are categorized into four groups. Regarding patent analysis, 324 were analyzed over the last six years. For scientific communications, a bibliometric analysis was performed using 104 scientific reports from the Web of Science in the same period. The results show a tendency of ESAR prostheses designs for patents (68%) and active prostheses designs for scientific documentation (40%).