scholarly journals Electromagnetic Bridge Energy Harvester Utilizing Bridge’s Vibrations and Ambient Wind for Wireless Sensor Node Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Ullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Ambient Wind ◽  
Load Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
Maximum Voltage

This paper presents novel electromagnetic bridge energy harvesters (BEHs) utilizing bridge vibrations and ambient wind surges to power wireless sensor nodes used for bridges’ health monitoring. The developed BEHs are cantilever-type and are comprised of a wound coil, permanent magnet, an airfoil, cantilever beam, and a support. Harvesters are characterized in-lab under different vibration levels and are subjected to variable speed air surges. The harvesters exhibit multiresonant frequencies; prototype I has resonant frequencies of 3.6, 14.9, and 17.6 Hz. However, 7.6, 33, and 45 Hz are the resonant frequencies for prototype II. Under vibration testing, prototype I produced a maximum voltage of 206 mV and an optimum power of 354.51 μW at a frequency of 3.6 Hz and 0.4g acceleration. However, at a frequency of 7.6 Hz and 0.6g acceleration, prototype II showed the capability of generating a maximum voltage of 430 mV and an optimum power of 2214.32 μW. Moreover, when BEHs are characterized under variable speed air surges, prototype I generated a load voltage of 19 mV and a power of 7.84 μW at an air speed of 9 m/s; however, 22 mV and 9.14 μW load voltage and power, respectively, are developed by prototype II at 6 m/s air speed.

Design of a Wireless Sensor Network Node Based on STM32

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1920-1923
Author(s):  
Yu Jia Sun ◽  
Xiao Ming Wang ◽  
Fang Xiu Jia ◽  
Ji Yan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Communication Module ◽  
Design Factors

The characteristics and the design factors of wireless sensor network node are talked in this article. According to the design factors of wireless sensor network, this article will mainly point out the design of wireless sensor nodes based a Cortex-M3 Microcontroller STM32F103RE chip. And the wireless communication module is designed with a CC2430 chip. Our wireless sensor node has good performance in our test.

scholarly journals Design and Comparison of 24 GHz Patch Antennas on Glass Substrates for Compact Wireless Sensor Nodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Ohnimus ◽  
Uwe Maaß ◽  
Gerhard Fotheringham ◽  
Brian Curran ◽  
Ivan Ndip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Plane ◽  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Glass Wafer ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
24 Ghz ◽  
Slot Aperture

Three patch antennas suitable for integration and operation in a compact 24 GHz wireless sensor node with radar and communication functions are designed, characterized, and compared. The antennas are manufactured on a low loss glass wafer using thin film (BCB/Cu) wafer level processing (WLP) technologies. This process is well suited for 3D stacking. The antennas are fed through a microstrip line underneath a ground plane coupling into the patch resonator through a slot aperture. Linear polarization (LP), dual mode (DM) operation, and circular polarization (CP) are achieved through the layout of the slot aperture and rectangular patch dimensions. Antenna gain values of ∼5.5 dBi are obtained in addition to the 10 dB impedance bandwidths of 900 MHz and 1.3 GHz as well as 500 MHz CP bandwidth with a 3 dB axial ratio for the LP, DM, and CP patch antennas, respectively.

Optimizing Power Consumption for the Wireless Sensor Node

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Power Saving ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Saving Effect

A Wireless Sensor Network is composed of sensor nodes powered by batteries. Thus, power consumption is the major challenge. In spite of so many research works discussing this issue from the aspects of network optimization and system design, so far not so many focus on optimizing power consumption of the Radio Frequency device, which consumes most of the energy. This paper describes the digital features of the Radio Frequency device used to optimize current consumption, and presents a practical approach to measure current consumption in static and dynamic scenarios in details, by which we evaluates the power saving effect. The results demonstrated that according to cycle times and application characteristics choosing appropriate features can prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor nodes.

scholarly journals Modeling of Wireless Sensor Nodes Powered by Tunable Energy Harvesters: HDL-Based Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2680-2689 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Kazmierski ◽  
G. V. Merrett ◽  
Leran Wang ◽  
B. M. Al-Hashimi ◽  
A. S. Weddell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Energy Harvesters

Mobile Nodes Deployment Scheme Design Based on Perceived Probability Model in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Wu ◽  
◽  
Juwei Zhang ◽  
Qiangyi Li ◽  
Shiwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Perceived Probability

<div class=""abs_img""><img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00260005/10.jpg"" width=""200"" /> Nodes moving direction in our scheme</div> Wireless sensor network nodes deployment optimization problem is studied and wireless sensor nodes deployment determines its capability and lifetime. The nodes deployment scheme based on the perceived probability model aiming at wireless sensor network nodes which are randomly deployed is designed. The scheme can be used to calculate the perceived probability in the area around wireless sensor network nodes and move the wireless sensor nodes to the low perceived probability area according to the current energy of the wireless sensor node. The simulation results show that this deployment scheme achieves the goal of the nodes reasonable distribution by improving the network coverage and reducing the nodes movement distance and energy consumption. </span>

Structure Design of Energy Harvester for Supporting Paroxysmal Energy Collection

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhuan Zhu ◽  
S. Olutunde Oyadiji
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Random Fluctuation ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Power Conditioner

This paper proposes a structure of energy harvester that is used to scavenge environment energy to power wireless sensor nodes. The ambient energy usually is from sunlight, wind, vibration, and so on. As the size of a sensor node is limited, the energy converted is normally small and has a prodigious random fluctuation. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of energy harvester, the paper proposes a power conversion circuit to collect rapidly paroxysmal energy generated by external environment. The circuit, as a power conditioner, bridges between energy transducers and the load of a wireless sensor node, and the power output of transducers are either AC or DC. The power conditioner implements AC-DC conversion, voltage adjusting and energy storage. A design model is developed to describe the dynamic behavior of the power conditioner under the different excitation from ambient energy sources, and energy conversion efficiency can be evaluated with the model. The proposed system architecture can be applied in the design of solar, wind or stochastic vibration energy harvesters.

Silicon Carbide Functional Primitives for Wireless Sensor Nodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (HiTEN) ◽  
pp. 000244-000250 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Horsfall ◽  
H.K. Chan ◽  
K.V. Vassilevski ◽  
N.G. Wood ◽  
N.G. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Colpitts Oscillator ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wide Range

While wireless sensor nodes based on conventional semiconductor technology have revolutionized our understanding of the world in which we live, they are limited to operating in benign environments. This limitation precludes their use in a wide range of industrial, automotive and geological applications, where the required operating temperatures can exceed 200°C. Silicon-on-insulator technology has enabled the development of high temperature electronics, however applications requiring higher temperature operation are becoming apparent. Battery technologies capable of sustaining the required power level in these extreme environments are also a significant challenge. In this work, we present the integration of analog functional primitive circuits capable of interrogating resistive and capacitive sensors to form a wireless sensor node based on silicon carbide technology. The electrical power is provided from the output of a novel self-starting boost converter connected to a thermoelectric generator. Data can be transmitted from the node via frequency modulation of a Colpitts oscillator, for remote post processing. The signal conditioning is realised using JFET based amplifier circuits, designed using a novel JFET compact model, which enables a greater level of confidence than existing models in the literature.

scholarly journals An Adaptive Lossless Data Compression Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gana Kolo ◽  
S. Anandan Shanmugam ◽  
David Wee Gin Lim ◽  
Li-Minn Ang ◽  
Kah Phooi Seng
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Compression ◽  
Power Saving ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Compression Scheme ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Lossless Data Compression

Energy is an important consideration in the design and deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) since sensor nodes are typically powered by batteries with limited capacity. Since the communication unit on a wireless sensor node is the major power consumer, data compression is one of possible techniques that can help reduce the amount of data exchanged between wireless sensor nodes resulting in power saving. However, wireless sensor networks possess significant limitations in communication, processing, storage, bandwidth, and power. Thus, any data compression scheme proposed for WSNs must be lightweight. In this paper, we present an adaptive lossless data compression (ALDC) algorithm for wireless sensor networks. Our proposed ALDC scheme performs compression losslessly using multiple code options. Adaptive compression schemes allow compression to dynamically adjust to a changing source. The data sequence to be compressed is partitioned into blocks, and the optimal compression scheme is applied for each block. Using various real-world sensor datasets we demonstrate the merits of our proposed compression algorithm in comparison with other recently proposed lossless compression algorithms for WSNs.

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