Silicon Carbide Functional Primitives for Wireless Sensor Nodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (HiTEN) ◽  
pp. 000244-000250 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Horsfall ◽  
H.K. Chan ◽  
K.V. Vassilevski ◽  
N.G. Wood ◽  
N.G. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Colpitts Oscillator ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wide Range

While wireless sensor nodes based on conventional semiconductor technology have revolutionized our understanding of the world in which we live, they are limited to operating in benign environments. This limitation precludes their use in a wide range of industrial, automotive and geological applications, where the required operating temperatures can exceed 200°C. Silicon-on-insulator technology has enabled the development of high temperature electronics, however applications requiring higher temperature operation are becoming apparent. Battery technologies capable of sustaining the required power level in these extreme environments are also a significant challenge. In this work, we present the integration of analog functional primitive circuits capable of interrogating resistive and capacitive sensors to form a wireless sensor node based on silicon carbide technology. The electrical power is provided from the output of a novel self-starting boost converter connected to a thermoelectric generator. Data can be transmitted from the node via frequency modulation of a Colpitts oscillator, for remote post processing. The signal conditioning is realised using JFET based amplifier circuits, designed using a novel JFET compact model, which enables a greater level of confidence than existing models in the literature.

Design of a Wireless Sensor Network Node Based on STM32

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1920-1923
Author(s):  
Yu Jia Sun ◽  
Xiao Ming Wang ◽  
Fang Xiu Jia ◽  
Ji Yan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Communication Module ◽  
Design Factors

The characteristics and the design factors of wireless sensor network node are talked in this article. According to the design factors of wireless sensor network, this article will mainly point out the design of wireless sensor nodes based a Cortex-M3 Microcontroller STM32F103RE chip. And the wireless communication module is designed with a CC2430 chip. Our wireless sensor node has good performance in our test.

Optimizing Power Consumption for the Wireless Sensor Node

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Power Saving ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Saving Effect

A Wireless Sensor Network is composed of sensor nodes powered by batteries. Thus, power consumption is the major challenge. In spite of so many research works discussing this issue from the aspects of network optimization and system design, so far not so many focus on optimizing power consumption of the Radio Frequency device, which consumes most of the energy. This paper describes the digital features of the Radio Frequency device used to optimize current consumption, and presents a practical approach to measure current consumption in static and dynamic scenarios in details, by which we evaluates the power saving effect. The results demonstrated that according to cycle times and application characteristics choosing appropriate features can prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor nodes.

Mobile Nodes Deployment Scheme Design Based on Perceived Probability Model in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Wu ◽  
◽  
Juwei Zhang ◽  
Qiangyi Li ◽  
Shiwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Perceived Probability

<div class=""abs_img""><img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00260005/10.jpg"" width=""200"" /> Nodes moving direction in our scheme</div> Wireless sensor network nodes deployment optimization problem is studied and wireless sensor nodes deployment determines its capability and lifetime. The nodes deployment scheme based on the perceived probability model aiming at wireless sensor network nodes which are randomly deployed is designed. The scheme can be used to calculate the perceived probability in the area around wireless sensor network nodes and move the wireless sensor nodes to the low perceived probability area according to the current energy of the wireless sensor node. The simulation results show that this deployment scheme achieves the goal of the nodes reasonable distribution by improving the network coverage and reducing the nodes movement distance and energy consumption. </span>

scholarly journals Concurrent Data Message Transmissions for Interference of Illegal Overhearing in Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Masahiro Okuri ◽  
Hiroaki Higaki
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Transmission Range ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Nodes

In wireless sensor networks, data messages containing sensor data achieved by a sensor module in a wireless sensor node is transmitted to a stationary wireless sink node along a wireless multihop transmission route in which wireless sensor nodes themselves forward the data messages. Each intermediate wireless sensor node broadcast data messages in its wireless transmission range to forward them to its next-hop intermediate wireless sensor node. Hence, eavesdropper wireless nodes within the wireless transmission range easily overhear the data messages. In order to interfere with the eavesdropper wireless nodes illegally overhearing the data messages in transmission, wireless sensor nodes whose wireless transmission ranges overlap and their next-hop intermediate wireless sensor nodes are out of the wireless transmission ranges each other forward data messages in transmission concurrently and cause collisions between these two data messages at any possible eavesdropper wireless nodes intentionally. To enhance regions where concurrently forwarded data messages intentionally collide to prevent their overhearing and to realize concurrent forwarding of data messages, this paper designes an algorithm for TDMA transmission slot assignments for more opportunities to interfere the eavesdropper wireless nodes.

Micro-Electrostatic Vibration-to-Electricity Converters

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shad Roundy ◽  
Paul K. Wright ◽  
Kristofer S. J. Pister
Keyword(s):  
Vlsi Design ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Low Power Vlsi Design

Advances in low power VLSI design, along with the potentially low duty cycle of wireless sensor nodes open up the possibility of powering small wireless computing devices from scavenged ambient power. Low level vibrations occurring in typical household, office, and manufacturing environments are considered as a possible power source for wireless sensor nodes. This work focuses on the design of electrostatic vibration-to-electricity converters using MEMS fabrications technology. Detailed models of three different design concepts are developed. The three design concepts are evaluated and compared based on simulations and practical considerations. A formal optimization of the preferred design concept is performed, and a final design is produced using the optimal design parameters. Simulations of the optimized design show that an output power density of 116 μW/cm3 is possible from input vibrations of 2.25 m/s2 at 120 Hz. Test devices have been designed for a Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE) process that etches MEMS structures into the top layer of a Silicon On Insulator (SOI) wafer. The devices are currently being fabricated.

Miniature Shape Memory Alloy Heat Engine for Powering Wireless Sensor Nodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Avirovik ◽  
Ravi A. Kishore ◽  
Dushan Vuckovic ◽  
Shashank Priya
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Sensing Platform

AbstractShape Memory Alloys (SMAs) exhibit temperature-dependent cyclic deformation. SMAs undergo reversible phase transformation with heating that generates strain which can be used to develop heat engine. In this study, we build upon the concept where environmental heat is first converted into mechanical energy through SMA deformation and then into electrical energy using a microturbine. This SMA heat engine was tailored to function as a miniature energy harvesting device for wireless sensor nodes applications. The results showed that 0.12 g of SMA wire produced 2.6 mW of mechanical power which was then used to drive a miniature electromagnetic generator that produced 1.7 mW of electrical power. The generated electrical energy was sufficient to power a wireless sensor node. Potential design concepts are discussed for further improvements of the SMA heat engine for the wireless sensing platform.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Analysis of LoRa and ZigBee Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2836-2849
Author(s):  
K. Raghava Rao ◽  
D. Sateesh Kumar ◽  
Mohiddin Shaw ◽  
V. Sitamahalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Iot Applications

Now a days IoT technologies are emerging technology with wide range of applications. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are plays vital role in IoT technologies. Construction of wireless sensor node with low-power radio link and high-speed processors is an interesting contribution for wireless sensor networks and IoT applications. Most of WSNs are furnished with battery source that has limited lifetime. The maximum operations of these networks require more power utility. Nevertheless, improving network efficiency and lifetime is a curtail issue in WSNs. Designing a low powered wireless sensor networks is a major challenges in recent years, it is essential to model its efficiency and power consumption for different applications. This paper describes power consumption model based on LoRa and Zigbee protocols, allows wireless sensor nodes to monitor and measure power consumption in a cyclic sleeping scenario. Experiential results reveals that the designed LoRa wireless sensor nodes have the potential for real-world IoT application with due consideration of communicating distance, data packets, transmitting speed, and consumes low power as compared with Zigbee sensor nodes. The measured sleep intervals achieved lower power consumption in LoRa as compared with Zigbee. The uniqueness of this research work lies in the review of wireless sensor node optimization and power consumption of these two wireless sensor networks for IoT applications.

Middleware Design for Energy Harvester of Wireless Sensor Nodes

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhuan Zhu ◽  
S. Olutunde Oyadiji ◽  
Samir Mekid
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Dynamic Power Management ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
And Performance

The energy harvesting for wireless sensor nodes is one of the effective methods to extend the lifespan of wireless sensor networks. The paper firstly analyzes the power requirement of a sensor node, and surveys the energy output for typical energy transducers working indoor. In general, energy harvested from the indoor environment is not matched with the power requirement of wireless sensor nodes. The harvested energy indoor is generally less than the required energy. Therefore, we propose a solution to design a middleware for the dynamic power management of a wireless sensor node. The implementation and performance evaluation of the middleware are investigated. It is shown that the proposed middleware is an effective way of solving the challenge problem above.

scholarly journals Optically-Powered Wireless Sensor Nodes towards Industrial Internet of Things

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Letícia C. Souza ◽  
Egidio R. Neto ◽  
Eduardo S. Lima ◽  
Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Junior
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Wide Range

We report the experimental implementation of optically-powered wireless sensor nodes based on the power-over-fiber (PoF) technology, aiming at Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. This technique employs optical fibers to transmit power and is proposed as a solution to address the hazardous industrial environment challenges, e.g., electromagnetic interference and extreme temperatures. The proposed approach enables two different IIoT scenarios, in which wireless transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) nodes are powered by a PoF system, enabling local and remote temperature data monitoring, with the purpose of achieving an intelligent and reliable process management in industrial production lines. In addition, the system performance is investigated as a function of the delivered electrical power and power transmission efficiency (PTE), which is the primary performance metric of a PoF system. We report 1.4 W electrical power deliver with PTE = 24%. Furthermore, we carry out a voltage stability analysis, demonstrating that the PoF system is capable of delivering stable voltage to a wide range of applications. Finally, we present a comparison of temperature measurements between the proposed approach and a conventional industrial programmable logic controller (PLC). The obtained results demonstrate that PoF might be considered as a potential technology to power and enhance the energy efficiency of IIoT sensing systems.

scholarly journals Development of Wireless Sensor Node Addressing and Data Packet Collision Avoidance Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S6) ◽  
pp. 803-807
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Packet Collision ◽  
Autonomous Sensor ◽  
Spatially Distributed

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of autonomous sensor devices that are spatially distributed in a wide area. Wireless sensor network is built up from a large number of sensor nodes that are assigned to a specific tasks and most probably is monitoring and reporting tasks. However, since the network might be expanded to hundreds, thousands or even millions of sensor nodes, there will be a high chance for the data from different wireless sensor nodes to collide with one another. Therefore, a proper node addressing scheme is needed to synchronize the data packages transmissions to the sink station. In this paper, a seven bytes addressing string scheme is proposed to encapsulate the node data and assist the sink station in identifying the data packages sources. The addressing string will be created in the wireless sensor node which it contains the node ID, package ID and the node data as well. The package ID is included to detect collided packages within the network. The data packages collision is avoided by allowing the sensor node to access the RF channel and transmit the data at a random time. The experimental results reviled that the proposed scheme was successfully addressed the wireless sensor node and make node identification at the sink station easy.

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