Risk Factors Associated with Poor Physical Fitness in Three- to Six-Year-Old Children in Tujia-Nationality Settlement of China

Background. Physical fitness has been recognized not only as an integrated predictor of the body's functional status, but also as an important marker of health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with physical fitness among 3-6-year-old children within the Tujia-Nationality settlement in the years 2005, 2010, and 2014. Methods. Demographics questionnaires and fitness assessment were performed to identify the risk factors for poor physical fitness (PPF) among 3- to 6-year-old children in the years 2005, 2010, and 2014 in the area of southwest Hubei of China. Results. Of the 2128 children, 495 were classified as PPF (23.3%). In 2005, the percentage of PPF children was 21.7%, and the percentage of PPF children decreased from 29.1% in 2010 to 18.8% in 2014. Furthermore, Urban area children had a significant risk of PPF than rural area children (OR=1.299, P=0.031). Three-year-old children had 2.150-fold risk of PPF as compared to 6-year-old children. The children with less than 0.5 hours of activity time per day had 1.95-fold risk of PPF as compared to those with 1-2-hour activity time per day, respectively. Underweight and overweight/obese children had 2.74-fold and 1.67-fold risk of PPF as compared to normal weight children. Children had 1.97-fold risk of PPF when their father’s schooling ceased after middle school and 1.51-fold risk of PPF when their father’s schooling ceased after high school, respectively. Conclusions. These results demonstrated that the incidence of PPF children went up from 2005 to 2010 and then down from 2010 to 2014 within the Tujia settlement. For the children in this area, the risk factors associated with PPF included urban location, younger age, less than 1-hour activity time per day in kindergarten, underweight/overweight, low father’s education level, and mother’s childbearing age being less than 20 years.

Download Full-text

Efficacy of closed reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip: midterm outcomes and risk factors associated with treatment failure and avascular necrosis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-38289/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ge Zhang ◽

Ming Li ◽

Xiangyang Qu ◽

Yujiang Cao ◽

Xing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Avascular Necrosis ◽

Failure Rate ◽

Closed Reduction ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Developmental Dysplasia ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Related Risk ◽

Younger Age ◽

Dysplasia Of The Hip

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy after closed reduction (CR) in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and to investigate risk factors associated with CR failure and avascular necrosis (AVN) occurrence in follow-ups. Mehtods: The study retrospectively included 110 patients and 138 hips with DDH diagnosis that underwent closed reduction between February 2012 and November 2015 in our single tertiary medical institution. The failure rate of CR and the underlying risk factors were evaluated. Meanwhile, the incidence of AVN and the related risk factors among the successful CR cases were assessed.Results: The overall failure rate of DDH treated by CR in present study was 31.16% (43/138). Risk factors for the CR failure was older age at the time of CR (≥18.35 month), large medical interval before CR (≥35.35 millimeters), and severer dislocation of the affected hip (IDHI grade III and IV). The incidence of AVN was 8.33% (6/72) in the patients with successful CR at last follow-up. No significant risk factors had been established in present study that associated with the AVN occurrence.Conclusions: For the treatment of DDH with CR, patients with younger age might achieve better outcomes, early diagnosis and early treatment might be the key point in the DDH treatment.

Download Full-text

Efficacy of closed reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip: midterm outcomes and risk factors associated with treatment failure and avascular necrosis

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-020-02098-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ge Zhang ◽

Ming Li ◽

Xiangyang Qu ◽

Yujiang Cao ◽

Xing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Avascular Necrosis ◽

Failure Rate ◽

Closed Reduction ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Developmental Dysplasia ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Related Risk ◽

Younger Age ◽

Dysplasia Of The Hip

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of closed reduction (CR) in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and to investigate risk factors associated with CR failure and avascular necrosis (AVN) occurrence in follow-ups. Methods The study retrospectively included 110 patients and 138 hips with DDH diagnosis that underwent closed reduction between February 2012 and November 2015 in our single tertiary medical institution. The failure rate of CR and the underlying risk factors were evaluated. Meanwhile, the incidence of AVN and the related risk factors among the successful CR cases were assessed. Results The overall failure rate of DDH treated by CR in the present study was 31.16% (43/138). Risk factors for the CR failure were older age at the time of CR (≥ 18.35 month), large medical interval before CR (≥ 35.35 mm), and severer dislocation of the affected hip (IDHI grades III and IV). The incidence of AVN was 8.33% (6/72) in patients with successful CR at the last follow-up. No significant risk factors had been established in the present study that associated with the AVN occurrence. Conclusions For the treatment of DDH with CR, patients with younger age might achieve better outcomes; early diagnosis and early treatment might be the key point in the DDH treatment.

Download Full-text

Efficacy of closed reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip: midterm outcomes and risk factors associated with treatment failure and avascular necrosis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-38289/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ge Zhang ◽

Ming Li ◽

Xiangyang Qu ◽

Yujiang Cao ◽

Xing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Avascular Necrosis ◽

Failure Rate ◽

Closed Reduction ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Developmental Dysplasia ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Related Risk ◽

Younger Age ◽

Dysplasia Of The Hip

Download Full-text

Renal Failure after Coronary Bypass Surgery and the Associated Risk Factors

The Heart Surgery Forum ◽

10.1532/hsf.1216 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 006

Author(s):

Hasan Reyhanoglu ◽

Kaan Ozcan ◽

Murat Erturk ◽

Fatih İslamoglu ◽

İsa Durmaz

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Significant Risk ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Factors Associated

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with acute renal failure in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods: One hundred and six patients who developed renal failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) constituted the study group (RF group), while 110 patients who did not develop renal failure served as a control group (C group). In addition, the RF group was divided into two subgroups: patients that were treated with conservative methods without the need for hemodialysis (NH group) and patients that required hemodialysis (HR group). Risk factors associated with renal failure were investigated. Results: Among the 106 patients that developed renal failure (RF), 80 patients were treated with conservative methods without any need for hemodialysis (NH group); while 26 patients required hemodialysis in the postoperative period (HR group). The multivariate analysis showed that diabetes mellitus and the postoperative use of positive inotropes and adrenaline were significant risk factors associated with development of renal failure. In addition, carotid stenosis and postoperative use of adrenaline were found to be significant risk factors associated with hemodialysis-dependent renal failure (P < .05). The mortality in the RF group was determined as 13.2%, while the mortality rate in patients who did not require hemodialysis and those who required hemodialysis was 6.2% and 34%, respectively. Conclusion: Renal failure requiring hemodialysis after CABG often results in high morbidity and mortality. Factors affecting microcirculation and atherosclerosis, like diabetes mellitus, carotid artery stenosis, and postoperative vasopressor use remain the major risk factors for the development of renal failure.

Download Full-text

Does Vancomycin Resistance Increase Mortality? Clinical Outcomes and Predictive Factors for Mortality in Patients with Enterococcus faecium Infections

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10020105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 105

Author(s):

Jatapat Hemapanpairoa ◽

Dhitiwat Changpradub ◽

Sudaluck Thunyaharn ◽

Wichai Santimaleeworagun

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Vancomycin Resistance ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Joint Infections ◽

Bone And Joint Infections ◽

The Impact

The prevalence of enterococcal infection, especially E. faecium, is increasing, and the issue of the impact of vancomycin resistance on clinical outcomes is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of infection caused by E. faecium and determine the risk factors associated with mortality. This retrospective study was performed at the Phramongkutklao Hospital during the period from 2014 to 2018. One hundred and forty-five patients with E. faecium infections were enrolled. The 30-day and 90-day mortality rates of patients infected with vancomycin resistant (VR)-E. faecium vs. vancomycin susceptible (VS)-E. faecium were 57.7% vs. 38.7% and 69.2% vs. 47.1%, respectively. The median length of hospitalization was significantly longer in patients with VR-E. faecium infection. In logistic regression analysis, VR-E. faecium, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, and bone and joint infections were significant risk factors associated with both 30-day and 90-day mortality. Moreover, Cox proportional hazards model showed that VR-E. faecium infection (HR 1.91; 95%CI 1.09–3.37), SOFA scores of 6–9 points (HR 2.69; 95%CI 1.15–6.29), SOFA scores ≥ 10 points (HR 3.71; 95%CI 1.70–8.13), and bone and joint infections (HR 0.08; 95%CI 0.01–0.62) were significant risk factors for mortality. In conclusion, the present study confirmed the impact of VR-E. faecium infection on mortality and hospitalization duration. Thus, the appropriate antibiotic regimen for VR-E. faecium infection, especially for severely ill patients, is an effective strategy for improving treatment outcomes.

Download Full-text

Activities and risk factors associated with fall-related injuries among US Army soldiers

BMJ Military Health ◽

10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001564 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001564

Author(s):

Raina D Brooks ◽

T Grier ◽

B H Jones ◽

M C Chervak

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Us Army ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Younger Age ◽

Near Falls ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

Army Soldiers

IntroductionFalls/near falls are the second leading cause of hospitalisation and outpatient visits among US Army soldiers. While numerous studies have evaluated fall-related or near fall-related injuries among elderly adults, few have evaluated this association among young adults. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among male US Army soldiers.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of male US Army Airborne Division soldiers (n=5187). Electronic surveys captured demographic, lifestyle, physical training (PT), fitness and injury data during spring/summer of 2016. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of fall-related or near fall-related injuries, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsPrimary findings indicated that activities and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among soldiers included younger age (≤35 years), holding a job that required minimal lifting activities, slower 2-mile run times and not running during personal PT.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that male US Army soldiers and other physically active men may benefit from (1) obtaining and/or maintaining higher aerobic endurance and muscular strength, and (2) training focused on preventing fall-related injuries during PT, road marching and sports/recreational activities. Moreover, prevention strategies and education should further target younger soldiers (≤35 years old), as younger age is not modifiable.

Download Full-text

Predictors of progression in untreated keratoconus: a Save Sight Keratoconus Registry study

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317547 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317547

Author(s):

Alex Ferdi ◽

Vuong Nguyen ◽

Himal Kandel ◽

Jeremy C K Tan ◽

Francisco Arnalich-Montiel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Visual Acuity ◽

New Zealand ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Clinical Parameter ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Registry Study ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Younger Age ◽

Secondary Outcomes

AimsWe set out to identify risk factors for progression in untreated keratoconus patients from 34 centres across Australia, New Zealand, Spain and Italy.MethodsPatients were divided into ‘progressors’ and ‘stable’ patients for each clinical parameter: visual acuity (VA), steepest keratometry (maximum keratometry (Max-K)) and thinnest corneal thickness (TCT). Primary outcomes were the proportion of eyes with sustained progression in VA, Max-K or TCT within 3 years. Secondary outcomes included predictors of progression.ResultsThere were 3994 untreated eyes from 2283 patients. The proportion of eyes with VA, Max-K and TCT progression at 1 year were 3.2%, 6.6% and 3.1% respectively. Factors associated with VA loss were higher baseline VA (HR 1.15 per logMAR line increase in VA; p<0.001) and steeper baseline Max-K (HR 1.07 per 1D increase; p<0.001). Younger baseline age was associated with Max-K steepening (HR 0.96 per year older; p=0.001). Thicker baseline TCT, steeper baseline Max-K and younger baseline age were associated with TCT thinning: (HR 1.08 per 10 µm increase in TCT; p<0.001), (HR 1.03 per 1D increase; p=0.02) and (HR 0.98 per year younger; p=0.01), respectively.ConclusionsSteeper Max-K and younger age were the most clinically useful baseline predictors of progression as they were associated with worsening of two clinical parameters. Every 1D steeper Max-K was associated with a 7% and 3% greater risk of worsening VA and thinning TCT, respectively. Each 1 year younger was associated with a 4% and 2% greater risk of steepening Max-K and thinning TCT, respectively.

Download Full-text

Risk Factors Associated With Dengue Fever Outbreak in Taiz Governorate, Yemen, 2018: Case-control Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-624873/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdulkareem Ali Hussein Nassar ◽

Amr Abdulaziz Torbosh ◽

Yassin Abdulmalik Mahyoub ◽

Mohammed Abdullah Al Amad

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Case Control ◽

Case Definition ◽

P Value ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Dengue Fever (DF) is a significant health problem in Yemen especially in the coastal areas. On November 6, 2018, Taiz governorates surveillance officer notified the Ministry of Public Health and Population on an increase in the number of suspected DF in Al Qahirah and Al Mudhaffar districts, Taiz governorate. On November 7, 2018, Field Epidemiology Training Program sent a team to perform an investigation. The aims were to confirm and describe the outbreak by person, place and time in Taiz governorate, and identify its risk factors.Methodology: Descriptive and case-control study (1:2 ratio) were conducted. WHO case definition was used to identify cases in Al Qahirah or Al Mudhaffar districts during August-November 2018. Control was selected from the same districts who did not suffer from DF. Predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data related to sociodemographic, behavioral and environmental characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate backward stepwise analyses were used. The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. A P value < 0.05 was considered as the cut point for statistically significant. Epi info version 7.2 was used.Results: A total of 50 DF cases were found. Almost 52% were males and 76% were <30 years of age. The overall attack rate was 1/10,000 of the population. Case fatality rate was 4%. In multivariate analysis, not working (aOR = 26.6, 95% CI: 6.8–104.7), not using mosquito repellent (aOR = 13.9, 95% CI:1.4–136.8), wearing short sleeves/pants (aOR = 27.3, 95% CI: 4.8–156.8), poor sanitation (aOR = 5.4, 95% CI: 1.4–20.3), presence of outdoor trees (aOR = 13.2, 95% CI: 2.8–63.0) and houses without window nets (aOR = 15.7, 95% CI: 3.9–63.4) were statistically significant risk factors associated with DF outbreak. Eleven 11 (58%) of blood samples were positive for DF IgM.Conclusions: DF outbreak in Al Qahirah and Al Mudhaffar districts, Taiz governorate was confirmed. This study provides evidence-based information regarding the identified risk factors that contributed to the occurrence of this outbreak. Raising community awareness on the importance of personal protection measures and improving the sanitation services are strongly recommended.

Download Full-text

A Model to Predict Central-Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection Among Patients With Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters: The MPC Score

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2017.167 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (10) ◽

pp. 1155-1166 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Erica Herc ◽

Payal Patel ◽

Laraine L. Washer ◽

Anna Conlon ◽

Scott A. Flanders ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Model ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Hospital Medicine ◽

Central Line ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Central Catheters

BACKGROUNDPeripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are associated with central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). However, no tools to predict risk of PICC-CLABSI have been developed.OBJECTIVETo operationalize or prioritize CLABSI risk factors when making decisions regarding the use of PICCs using a risk model to estimate an individual’s risk of PICC-CLABSI prior to device placement.METHODSUsing data from the Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety consortium, patients that experienced PICC-CLABSI between January 2013 and October 2016 were identified. A Cox proportional hazards model with robust sandwich standard error estimates was then used to identify factors associated with PICC-CLABSI. Based on regression coefficients, points were assigned to each predictor and summed for each patient to create the Michigan PICC-CLABSI (MPC) score. The predictive performance of the score was assessed using time-dependent area-under-the-curve (AUC) values.RESULTSOf 23,088 patients that received PICCs during the study period, 249 patients (1.1%) developed a CLABSI. Significant risk factors associated with PICC-CLABSI included hematological cancer (3 points), CLABSI within 3 months of PICC insertion (2 points), multilumen PICC (2 points), solid cancers with ongoing chemotherapy (2 points), receipt of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) through the PICC (1 point), and presence of another central venous catheter (CVC) at the time of PICC placement (1 point). The MPC score was significantly associated with risk of CLABSI (P<.0001). For every point increase, the hazard ratio of CLABSI increased by 1.63 (95% confidence interval, 1.56–1.71). The area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve was 0.67 to 0.77 for PICC dwell times of 6 to 40 days, which indicates good model calibration.CONCLUSIONThe MPC score offers a novel way to inform decisions regarding PICC use, surveillance of high-risk cohorts, and utility of blood cultures when PICC-CLABSI is suspected. Future studies validating the score are necessary.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:1155–1166

Download Full-text

Risk Factors Associated with Overweight among Adolescents in Serbia/ Dejavniki Tveganja, Povezani S Prekomerno Telesno Težo Pri Mladostnikih V Srbiji

Slovenian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2478/sjph-2014-0031 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 283-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katarina Boričić ◽

Snežana Simić ◽

Nađa Vasiljević ◽

Jelena Marinković

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Preventive Interventions ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Skipping Breakfast

AbstractIntroduction. The pandemic of obesity in adolescents is one of the challenges of public health.Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the association of overweight with demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors among Serbian adolescents.Method. A cross-sectional study of 2139 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years was carried out. Data used in this study were from the 2006 Health Survey. In accordance with the international sex- and age-specific Body Mass Index cut-off points, all participants were classified as being normal weight or overweight, including obese. The association between the risk factors and overweight were examined using a multivariate logistic regression model.Results. The study showed that 28.9% of boys and 17.0% of girls were overweight, while 14.5% of boys and 8.1% of girls were obese. Boys were more likely to be overweight/obese, compared with girls. Being younger (p< 0.01 for 14 to 15 years) and (p< 0.01, for 16 to 19 years), engaging in physical activities that last less than 7 hours a week, in such a manner that they breathe quickly and become sweaty, (p< 0.01) and skipping breakfast (p< 0.05) were risk factors significantly associated with overweight among adolescents. No significant association was found with wealth index.Conclusion. These findings should be an integral part of further preventive interventions, especially oriented towards younger adolescents, who are physically inactive, have a habit of skipping breakfast and are boys.

Download Full-text