Optimism, Positive and Negative Affect, and Goal Adjustment Strategies: Their Relationship to Activity Patterns in Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

Objective. Activity patterns are the product of pain and of the self-regulation of current goals in the context of pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between goal management strategies and activity patterns while taking into account the role of optimism/pessimism and positive/negative affect. Methods. Two hundred and thirty-seven patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain filled out questionnaires on optimism, positive and negative affect, pain intensity, and the activity patterns they employed in dealing with their pain. Questionnaires were also administered to assess their general goal management strategies: goal persistence, flexible goal adjustment, and disengagement and reengagement with goals. Results. Structural equation modelling showed that higher levels of optimism were related to persistence, flexible goal management, and commitment to new goals. These strategies were associated with higher positive affect, persistence in finishing tasks despite pain, and infrequent avoidance behaviour in the presence or anticipation of pain. Conclusions. The strategies used by the patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain to manage their life goals are related to their activity patterns.

Download Full-text

Qualitative Evidence from Studies of Interventions Aimed at Return to Work and Staying at Work for Persons with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10061247 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1247

Author(s):

Gunilla M. Liedberg ◽

Mathilda Björk ◽

Elena Dragioti ◽

Christina Turesson

Keyword(s):

Return To Work ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Moderate Evidence ◽

Staying At Work ◽

Significant Burden ◽

Returning To Work ◽

Key Terms

Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a significant burden for employees, employers, and society. However, more knowledge is needed about which interventions reduce sick leave. Interventions were defined as the act or an instance of intervening, provided by different stakeholders. This review synthesizes the experiences of patients, employers, and health professionals concerning the interventions that influence returning to work and staying at work for persons with chronic musculoskeletal pain. A literature search was performed using several combinations of key terms. Overall, 18 qualitative studies published between 2002 and 2018 were included. Qualitative analysis assessed how much confidence could be placed in each review finding. Moderate evidence was found for factors improving the return to work process such as collaboration between stakeholders, including the persons with chronic musculoskeletal pain and support from all involved actors in the process. Moderate evidence was found for self-management strategies and workplace adjustments needed to facilitate more persons to returning to work and staying at work despite pain. This review provides stakeholders, employers, and health professionals’ information that could be used to develop and implement interventions to increase the possibilities for persons with chronic musculoskeletal pain returning to work or staying at work

Download Full-text

Factors affecting depression among people with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A structural equation model.

Rehabilitation Psychology ◽

10.1037/0090-5550.52.1.33 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 33-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Gloria K. Lee ◽

Fong Chan ◽

Norman L. Berven

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Model ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Equation Model ◽

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Factors Affecting

Download Full-text

The Role of an Empowering Motivational Climate on Pupils’ Concentration and Distraction in Physical Education

Journal of Teaching in Physical Education ◽

10.1123/jtpe.2020-0252 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Maxime Mastagli ◽

Aurélie Van Hoye ◽

Jean-Philippe Hainaut ◽

Benoît Bolmont

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Motivational Climate ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Basic Psychological Needs ◽

Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Positive And Negative Affect

Purpose: The present study investigated the relationship between an empowering motivational climate and pupils’ concentration and distraction in physical education, mediated by basic psychological needs satisfaction and by positive and negative affect. Method: The participants were 425 French pupils (Mage = 15.36, SDage = 0.82) from 21 high schools, who filled in a questionnaire regarding the study variables. This cross-sectional study used multilevel structural equation modeling to examine the hypothesized relationships. Results: Good fit indices were found in the data from the theoretical model. An empowering motivational climate was found to be related to concentration. Competence need satisfaction was related to concentration and distraction. This association was mediated by positive and negative affect, which in turn was related to concentration and distraction. Conclusion: Teachers can improve pupils’ concentration and positive affect and reduce distraction and negative affect by supporting an empowering motivational climate and fostering competence need satisfaction.

Download Full-text

Evaluating a Self-Determination Model of Physical Activity and Exercise in People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

Rehabilitation Research Policy and Education ◽

10.1891/re-21-05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 248-262

Author(s):

Jia Rung Wu ◽

Jessica Brooks ◽

Fong Chan ◽

Kanako Iwanaga ◽

Nicole Ditchman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Self Determination ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Physical Activity And Exercise ◽

Health Promotion Interventions

BackgroundResearch evidence supports the assertion that healthy employees are happier and more productive. Employers prefer to hire healthy workers to reduce absenteeism. Rehabilitation counselors have started to explore health promotion interventions to help individuals with chronic health conditions and disability improve their physical and mental health as a strategy to increase their employment opportunities.PurposeThe present study evaluated a self-determination theory (SDT) model of physical activity and exercise in a sample of 218 individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe SDT model fit the data well, accounting for 54% of the variance in physical activity and exercise. Relatedness was significantly associated with autonomous motivation for physical activity and exercise. Autonomous motivation was associated with competency. Competency was associated with physical activity and exercise. Autonomous motivation and competency mediated relatedness and physical activity and exercise.ImplicationsThis study contributes to an emerging body of theory-informed health promotion literature and identifies the specific pathways that will increase the motivation to engage in physical activity and exercise. Findings can be used to design and validate theory-driven health promotion interventions as an employment strategy for people with chronic musculoskeletal pain receiving vocational rehabilitation services.

Download Full-text

Burnout and wellbeing of teacher candidates: The mediator role of cynicism

Anales de Psicología ◽

10.6018/analesps.35.3.354441 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 521-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fuad Bakioğlu ◽

Zafer Kiraz

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Teacher Candidates ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Short Version ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Mediator Role

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el papel mediador del cinismo en la relación entre el agotamiento y el bienestar. Los participantes fueron 326 maestros candidatos [189 (58%) mujeres, 137 (42%) hombres, Medad = 23.14 años, SD = 2.36] que completaron los cuestionarios el grupo de Burnout Measure Short Version, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Life with Satisfaction Scale y el Hunter Cynicism Scale. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Se realizó un análisis de arranque para determinar los efectos indirectos. Los resultados mostraron que el agotamiento predijo el cinismo de manera positiva y el bienestar de manera negativa, y que el cinismo predijo el bienestar de manera negativa. Se encontró además que se confirmó el modelo de ecuación estructural que proponía que el agotamiento tenía un efecto directo e indirecto a través del cinismo sobre el bienestar. Los resultados del estudio se discutieron a la luz de la literatura relevante, y se hicieron sugerencias para futuros estudios. The aim of this study was to investigate a mediator role of cynicism in the relationship between burnout and wellbeing. Participants were 326 teacher candidates [189 (58%) female, 137 (42%) male, Mage = 23.14 years, SD = 2.36] who completed questionnaires package the Burnout Measure Short Version, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Life with Satisfaction Scale and the Hunter Cynicism Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. A bootstrapping analysis was conducted in order to determine any indirect effects. The results showed that burnout predicted cynicism positively and wellbeing negatively, and that cynicism predicted wellbeing negatively. It was further found that the structural equation model that proposed that burnout had a direct and an indirect effect through cynicism on wellbeing was confirmed. The results of the study were discussed in the light of relevant literature, and suggestions for future studies were made.

Download Full-text

The Relative Importance of Mindfulness Facets in Chronic Pain: Relations to the General Negative Affect, Depression, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms

10.1101/2021.06.04.21258338 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Azizi ◽

Gholamreza Jandaghi ◽

Manijeh Firoozi ◽

Ali Zia-Tohidi ◽

Shahrokh Ebnerasouli

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Latent Variable ◽

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽

Acting With Awareness ◽

Mindfulness Facets

Objectives: This study had three objectives: first, to investigate the relative importance of the five mindfulness facets to negative affect (NA) among patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain; second, to test the hypothesis that observing is associated with lower NA only if occurs in an accepting manner; and third, to investigate the relation between mindfulness and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). Methods: One hundred and nineteen patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain filled the Five-Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS), and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R). A latent variable was constructed to represent NA. Multiple regression analysis was conducted, and several indices of relative importance were calculated. Results: Except for Observing, all mindfulness facets had significant bivariate and unique relation with NA. Acting with Awareness was the most important predictor, followed by Nonjudging and Describing. The contribution of Nonreactivity was small. Regarding the second objective, the Observing x Nonjudging and Observing x Nonreactivity interactions were not significant. Finally, the five facets of mindfulness explained about one-half of the variance in obsession and one-fifth of the variance in compulsion. After excluding the shared variance between obsession and compulsion, mindfulness was only related to obsession. Conclusion: Except for Observing, all mindfulness facets seem to have unique contributions to psychological symptoms; among them, Acting with Awareness seems most important. Current evidence is inconsistent in supporting the dependency of the effect of observing on acceptance. Finally, regarding the relation between mindfulness and OCS, it seems that mindfulness is more related to obsession than compulsion.

Download Full-text

Affective Benefits of Nature Contact: The Role of Rumination

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643866 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Gregory N. Bratman ◽

Gerald Young ◽

Ashish Mehta ◽

Ihno Lee Babineaux ◽

Gretchen C. Daily ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Daily Life ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Mechanisms ◽

Nature Contact

Mounting evidence shows that nature contact is associated with affective benefits. However, the psychological mechanisms responsible for these effects are not well understood. In this study, we examined whether more time spent in nature was associated with higher levels of positive affect in general, and lower levels of negative affect and rumination in general. We also conducted a cross-sectional mediation analysis to examine whether rumination mediated the association of nature contact with affect. Participants (N = 617) reported their average time spent in nature each week, as well as their general levels of positive and negative affect, and the degree to which they typically engaged in rumination in daily life. We then used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. Our results support the hypothesis that nature contact is associated with general levels of affect, and that rumination mediates this association for negative affect, and marginally mediates this association for positive affect.

Download Full-text

Feeling Positive, Negative, or Both? Examining the Self-Regulatory Benefits of Emotional Ambivalence

Organization Science ◽

10.1287/orsc.2021.1553 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Allison S. Gabriel ◽

Marcus M. Butts ◽

Nitya Chawla ◽

Serge P. da Motta Veiga ◽

Daniel B. Turban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Job Search ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Job Seekers ◽

Work Lives ◽

Emotional Ambivalence ◽

Regulatory Processes ◽

Job Offers ◽

Organizational Scholarship

According to self-regulation theories, affect plays a crucial role in driving goal-directed behaviors throughout employees’ work lives. Yet past work presents inconsistent results regarding the effects of positive and negative affect with theory heavily relying on understanding the separate, unique effects of each affective experience. In the current research, we integrate tenets of emotional ambivalence with self-regulation theories to examine how the conjoint experience of positive and negative affect yields benefits for behavioral regulation. We test these ideas within a self-regulatory context that has frequently studied the benefits of affect and has implications for all employees at one point in their careers: the job search. Adopting a person-centered (i.e., profile-based) perspective across two within-person investigations, we explore how emotional ambivalence relates to job search success (i.e., interview invitations, job offers) via job search self-regulatory processes (i.e., metacognitive strategies, effort). Results illustrate that the subsequent week (i.e., at time t + 1; Study 1) and month (Study 2) after job seekers experience emotional ambivalence (i.e., positive and negative affect experienced jointly at similar levels at time t), they receive more job offers via increased job search effort and interview invitations. Theoretical and practical implications for studying emotional ambivalence in organizational scholarship are discussed.

Download Full-text